Hungarian National Minorities: Recent Developments and Perspectives

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-368
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
State Building ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Nation State ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Difficult Transition

AbstractHungary is developing domestic policies that aim to halt the assimilation of its national minorities and, particularly, to help overcome the traditional multiple-disadvantages of the Roma minority. Laws have been passed on the protection of the minorities, the creation of local and national minority self-governments and the office of Ombudsman for National Minorities. The situation of four of the minorities is briefly sketched - Roma, Germans, Bulgarians and Slovaks. A much larger problem in Central Europe is the position of Hungarian minorities in neighbouring states, particularly Romania, Slovakia, and Serbia. During the difficult transition from communism to democracy, from planned to market economy - and coinciding with nation state-building and the re-emergence of nationalism among minority and majority communities - the possibilities of discord have increased. Problems are examined here. Despite this, much has been achieved in less than a decade. The seeds of reconciliation between Hungary and her neighbours are slowly being sown. The ultimate, longer term, solution lies in European integration.

scholarly journals Re-interpretation of the Nationalism-Economy Nexus: Nation-State Building via Neoliberal Reforms During Post-Socialist Transformations in the Baltic States

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis Dambrauskas
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
State Building ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
State And Market ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Soviet Experience

Building on the latest scholarship in the nationalism-economy nexus studies, the article examines how nationalism inhabits other ideologies in the economic realm. Firstly, the article presents the latest strands in the nationalism-economy nexus research, namely compatibility between economy and nationalism understood as ideology. Then, using Foucault’s concept of governmentality, the article shows how the two phenomena are compatible on the theoretical level. Going further, the article connects the latest nationalism-economy nexus scholarship with existing literature on national neoliberalism in the post-socialist Baltic states. The article argues that national neoliberalism in the Baltics provides an example of what the compatibility of nationalism and economy may look like in practice. The Baltic states’ Soviet experience encouraged their elites to undertake radical neoliberal reforms, in which the processes of nation-state and market economy building overlapped. The states were built to create the markets which would in turn guarantee the prosperity of their respective nations. The article juxtaposes different, yet related scholarships and provides a basic theoretical toolkit that could facilitate potential inquiries into the nationalism-economy nexus in Lithuania and abroad.

Italy’s Long Decolonization in the Era of Intergovernmentalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-133
Author(s):  
Pamela Ballinger
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
European Integration ◽  
The State ◽  
State System ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter situates the story of relief to both national and foreign refugees in Italy in the immediate postwar years within the entangled internationalisms and Italian struggles to reassert and reframe sovereignty in the aftermath of defeat. Although the concept of intergovernmentalism only originated in the 1960s in the context of nascent European integration, in practice it proved a key aspect of interwar and early postwar politics. Indeed, the retrenchment after 1945 of the nation-state in the international state system gained its most obvious expression in the creation of a series of intergovernmental institutions, including the United Nations and its subsidiary agencies (such as UNRRA, the IRO, and finally the UNHCR). In the realm of refugees, these agencies quite literally mediated between the realms of the state and the international; the UNHCR's statute gave expression to this interstitial role with its requirement that aid provided by states to the displaced be distributed through nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). In addition, decolonization—which took as its goal national independence and sovereignty—reaffirmed the centrality of the statist principle undergirding the United Nations. The chapter then considers UNRRA's Dodecanese Mission and the 1947 Peace Treaty with Italy.

scholarly journals The idea of a Kosovan language in Yugoslavia’s language politics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (242) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kamusella
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Autonomous Province

AbstractNot only are nations invented (imagined) into and out of existence, but languages and states are as well. Decisions on how to construct, change or obliterate a language are essentially arbitrary, and as such dictated by political considerations. The entailed language of politics (often accompanied by the closely related politics of script) is of more immediate significance in Central Europe than elsewhere in the world, because in this region language is the sole and fundamental basis for creating, legitimating and maintaining nations and their nation-states. Since 1918, the creation and destruction of ethnolinguistic nation-states in Central Europe has been followed (or even preceded) by the creation and destruction of languages so that a unique language could be fitted to each nation and its national polity. This article focuses on the politics of the Albanian language in Yugoslavia’s Autonomous Province of Kosovo and in independent Kosovo with an eye to answering two questions at the level of language politics. First, what was the kind of Albanian standard employed in Kosovo before the 1968/1970/1974 acceptance of Albania’s Tosk-based standard Albanian in Yugoslavia? Second, why is Kosovo the sole post-Yugoslav nation-state that has not (yet?) been endowed with its own unique (Kosovan) language?

scholarly journals The Language of the Ukrainian National Minority as an Element of Media Propaganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Delfina Ertanowska
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
National Minority ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Media Manipulation ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the issue of the language of the Ukrainian national minority as a tool in Russian media propaganda. The impact of media manipulation of the Ukrainian language for the formation of the concept of nationality and self-identification among Ukrainian national minorities living in Central Europe has been approximated.

scholarly journals Sejmowe projekty tworzenia szkół ludowych dla polskiej mniejszości narodowej w Galicji Wschodniej. Przyczynek do historii stosunków polsko-ukraińskich na początku XX wieku

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-542
Author(s):  
Jarosław Moklak
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
National Minority ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The Sejm projects for the creation of primary schools for the Polish national minority in Eastern Galicia. A contribution to the history of Polish-Ukrainian relations at the beginning of the 20th century This article presents the projects for the creation of primary schools for the Polish national minority in Eastern Galicia that were introduced in the Sejm by Polish deputies Franciszek Sobolewski and Tadeusz Rutowski. These schools were to be established in the Eastern Galicia province, in villages with a predominance of Ukrainian people. Ukrainian deputies accepted the idea of creating schools for national minorities, but they intended to use the notified projects to create a separate parliamentary commission and open a debate on all matters concerning Polish-Ukrainian relations. Ultimately, a separate commission was not established, and Polish-Ukrainian relations became inflamed.

1830: van de Belgische protonatie naar de natiestaat (deel 1)

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-227
Author(s):  
Lode Wils
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Nineteen Twenties ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
The North ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Southern Netherlands ◽  
The Creation

In dit eerste deel van zijn uiteenzetting poneert Lode Wils de door zijn bronnen onderbouwde stelling dat het ontstaan van de Belgische (natie)staat de feitelijke slotfase was van een passage van de protonatie(s) in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden doorheen de grote politiek-maatschappelijke en culturele mutaties na de Franse Revolutie. Een passage die tijdens de late twintiger jaren van de negentiende eeuw bovendien sterk gekruid werd door het Belgisch 'wij'-denken dat meer en meer het cement ging vormen in de parlementaire en buitenparlementaire contestatie tegen het Hollandse regime.Wils verbindt in zijn uiteenzetting zijn eigen onderzoek omtrent de "cruciale parlementaire debatten in de jaren 1827-1830" aan zijn lectuur van de wetenschappelijke literatuur die zowel in het Noorden als in het Zuiden werd gewijd aan die problematiek, in bijzonderheid de doctoraalstudie L’invention de la Belgique. Genèse d’un Etat-Nation. 1648-1830 van de UCL-historiograaf Sébastien Dubois. Betekenisvol is overigens de frase van Wils waarin hij stelt dat Dubois zich "na het doorworstelen van bijna 2000 archiefbundels, ergert aan de voorstelling alsof niet het koninkrijk, maar 'België' geschapen werd in 1830."________1830: from the Belgian pre-nation to the nation state [part I]In this first part of his discourse Lode Wils puts forward the thesis corroborated by his sources that the creation of the Belgian (nation)state was in fact the final phase of a transition from the pre-nation(s) of the Southern Netherlands through the major socio-political and cultural mutations after the French Revolution. During the late nineteen twenties this transition was particularly marked by the Belgian “we-thinking” that gradually came to be the binding factor in the parliamentary and extra-parliamentary protest against the Dutch regime.  In his argument Wils connects his own research into the “crucial parliamentary debates during the period of 1827-1830” to his reading of the scientific literature, which was dedicated to that issue both in the North and in the South, in particular to the doctoral dissertation by the UCL historiographer Sébastien Dubois L’invention de la Belgique. Genèse d’un Etat-Nation. 1648-1830  (The invention of Belgium. Genesis of a Nation State: 1648-1830). We note in particular Will’s remark that Dubois “after having waded through almost 2000 archival volumes is irritated by the conception that 1830 saw the creation not of the kingdom but of ‘Belgium’.”

Introduction: Voting ‘NO”, European Integration and the Nation State: Disintegration, Impasse, or a New Beginning?

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Zaslove ◽  
Saime Ozcurumez
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Nation State ◽  
New Beginning

 not available Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v2i4.177

“Serbs” in Bela krajina: a (deliberately) forgotten minority?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-194
Author(s):  
Romana Bešter ◽  
Miran Komac ◽  
Mojca Medvešek ◽  
Janez Pirc
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Border Region ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Minority Protection ◽  
National Minorities

There are three constitutionally recognized national/ethnic minorities in Slovenia: the Italians, the Hungarians and the Roma. In addition, there are other ethnic groups that could perhaps be considered as “autochthonous” national minorities in line with Slovenia's understanding of this concept. Among them is a small community of “Serbs” – the successors of the Uskoks living in Bela krajina, a border region of Slovenia. In this article we present results of a field research that focused on the following question: Can the “Serb” community in Bela krajina be considered a national minority? On the basis of the objective facts, it could be said that the “Serbs” in four Bela krajina villages are a potential national minority, but with regard to their modest social vitality and the fact that they do not express their desire for minority status, the realization of special minority protection is questionable.

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