scholarly journals Re-interpretation of the Nationalism-Economy Nexus: Nation-State Building via Neoliberal Reforms During Post-Socialist Transformations in the Baltic States

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis Dambrauskas
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
State Building ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
State And Market ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Soviet Experience

Building on the latest scholarship in the nationalism-economy nexus studies, the article examines how nationalism inhabits other ideologies in the economic realm. Firstly, the article presents the latest strands in the nationalism-economy nexus research, namely compatibility between economy and nationalism understood as ideology. Then, using Foucault’s concept of governmentality, the article shows how the two phenomena are compatible on the theoretical level. Going further, the article connects the latest nationalism-economy nexus scholarship with existing literature on national neoliberalism in the post-socialist Baltic states. The article argues that national neoliberalism in the Baltics provides an example of what the compatibility of nationalism and economy may look like in practice. The Baltic states’ Soviet experience encouraged their elites to undertake radical neoliberal reforms, in which the processes of nation-state and market economy building overlapped. The states were built to create the markets which would in turn guarantee the prosperity of their respective nations. The article juxtaposes different, yet related scholarships and provides a basic theoretical toolkit that could facilitate potential inquiries into the nationalism-economy nexus in Lithuania and abroad.

Survival against the Odds: The Baltic States at 100

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-647
Author(s):  
Andres Kasekamp
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
State Building ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Current Period ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The Baltic

This essay examines how Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have managed to secure their independence and analyzes how they have dealt with the internal and external challenges to their state-building efforts. It compares the first period of statehood between the two world wars with the current period of independence beginning with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Among the critical external tasks they have faced were deterring former imperial powers, fostering regional cooperation and gaining a voice in international organizations. Internally, consolidating democratic systems and integration of ethnic minorities have been the two most significant challenges.

scholarly journals ‘A mass which you could form into whatever you wanted’: refugees and state building in Lithuania and Courland, 1914–21

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Richter
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
State Building ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Impact

This chapter focuses on refugees in the region that later became the Baltic States and that in the Russian Empire formed the Baltic provinces and parts of Russia’s northwest. It addresses how the refugee crisis was perceived by diverse groups including Russian officials, Baltic Germans, Jews, local peasants, and the emerging national elites, and considers the impact of ethnic belonging on the treatment of refugees and the changes in ethnic policies over the course of the war and the first years of independent statehood. It examines how refugees were resettled against the background of state-building and continuing warfare. Lastly it points out that repatriation was not merely a reaction to expulsions, but a policy with its own strategic purpose, with aims that went far beyond a return to the status quo ante 1914.

scholarly journals The determinants of bank efficiency in Central Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 656-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshid Djalilov ◽  
Jenifer Piesse
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Bank Efficiency ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
The Baltic

This paper examines progress in the transition to a market economy of the banking sector of Central Asia (CA), a region that was late to take on reform and which has largely been ignored in the literature. A comparison to other previous Soviet Republics shows that the banks in the Baltic States have higher profit efficiency compared to those in CA. The results also suggest that state owned banks are less profit efficient than private banks although foreign ownership is not a factor in efficiency levels of banks in Central Asia

Hungarian National Minorities: Recent Developments and Perspectives

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-368
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
State Building ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Nation State ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Difficult Transition

AbstractHungary is developing domestic policies that aim to halt the assimilation of its national minorities and, particularly, to help overcome the traditional multiple-disadvantages of the Roma minority. Laws have been passed on the protection of the minorities, the creation of local and national minority self-governments and the office of Ombudsman for National Minorities. The situation of four of the minorities is briefly sketched - Roma, Germans, Bulgarians and Slovaks. A much larger problem in Central Europe is the position of Hungarian minorities in neighbouring states, particularly Romania, Slovakia, and Serbia. During the difficult transition from communism to democracy, from planned to market economy - and coinciding with nation state-building and the re-emergence of nationalism among minority and majority communities - the possibilities of discord have increased. Problems are examined here. Despite this, much has been achieved in less than a decade. The seeds of reconciliation between Hungary and her neighbours are slowly being sown. The ultimate, longer term, solution lies in European integration.

Reform and Rescue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Market Organization ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Independent Decision

Describing the transition to a market economy in the 1990s and recovery from the financial crisis after 2008 in the Baltic states, particularly in Latvia, we explore the various roles that international organizations (IOs) can assume in order to influence market organization. IOs see states as independent decision makers in control of markets through organization. Paradoxically, however, the practice of IOs and the advice they offer undermine the independent decisions of states, because states are expected to reform in accordance with the IOs’ ideas—ideas that further build on decontextualized notions that may not fit the situation of individual states. Recovering from crises, the Baltic states succeeded in regaining control over markets by not conforming to IO ideas.

Baltic States in the European Union

2006 ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
R. Simonyan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Baltic

The article analyzes social and economic changes, which have occurred in the Baltic states after their EU accession. It reveals new tendencies in the development of this new region of the united Europe that plays a significant geostrategic role for Russia.

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