‘Life Would be a Meaningless Game and a Bad Joke’ Without Freedom: Naguib Mahfouz as an Oppositional Writer

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-212
Author(s):  
Rehnuma Sazzad
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Intellectual Freedom ◽  
Great Resistance ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Naguib Mahfouz

Mahfouz is generally known as a master ‘storyteller’ of Cairo. However, he can also be read as a great resistance writer, if we depend on Edward Said’s idea of the oppositional intellectual as a humanist writer who uncompromisingly unmasks the workings of power in society. I argue that a remarkable humanism works at the heart of Mahfouz’s adversarial project by reading The Cairo Trilogy as a counter-hegemonic piece, rather than only as a familial tale that mirrors early twentieth-century Egypt. Since Mahfouz remains obsessed with the presence of power in human life, his central struggle is to demystify the hegemonies related to race, gender, class, religion and success in order to de-effectuate them from a deeply humane perspective and assert his intellectual freedom through the process. We need the Saidian framework to comprehend the well-established analyses of Mahfouz’s works in a new light and realize that his writing is no mere rumination on Egypt’s sociopolitical situation. Rather, it is his primary means of obstructing power through revealing its ways in his society.

scholarly journals Hukum Poligami Menurut Siti Musdah Mulia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusefri Yusefri
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Pros And Cons

Abstrak: Polygamy is one of the classic problems but still warm and real to talk about. Why not, since the issue of polygamy is always controversial so fertile reap the pros and cons in human life, not least among Muslims themselves. Polygamy in Islam that there is even made by the non-Muslim blasphemy and discredit Islam. With reference and postulate on QS al-Nisa; 4 section 3, for about fourteen centuries, the dominant scholarly opinion or thought is was a per-missibility of polygamy in Islam, which says even sunnah done. Thus new thinking began to shift and polygamy sued by the leaders of Islamic reformers, ie in line with the period of resurgent Islam in the 15th century or early twentieth century. According Musdah Mulia, polygamy is lighairihi haram. Cash only legal thought Musdah Mulia protests and strong opposition from the propolygamy group over. This research is not intended to saw and or justify pro or not, but academically will analysis Musdah thought the construction of the methodological framework.Key Words: Polygamy, haram ligahirihi.Abstrak: Poligami merupakan salah satu masalah klasik tapi masih hangat dan nyata untuk dibicarakan. Karena isu poligami selalu kontroversial subur menuai pro dan kontra dalam kehidupan manusia, paling tidak di kalangan umat Islam sendiri. Bahkan Poligami dalam Islam menimbulkan hujatan dari kalangan non-Muslim dan mendiskreditkan Islam. Dengan berdasarkan pada dalil QS al-Nisa: 4 bagian 3, sekitar empat belas abad, opini ilmiah yang dominan atau misi berpikir berpoligami dalam Islam adalah sunnah dilakukan. Hingga akhirnya pemikiran baru muncul dan poligami digugat oleh para pemimpin reformis Islam, yaitu sejalan dengan periode kebangkitan Islam di abad ke-15 atau awal abad kedua puluh. Menurut Musdah Mulia, poligami adalah haram lighairihi. Kontan saja pemikiran hukum Musdah Mulia ini diprotes. Penelitian ini tidak dimaksudkan untuk melihat dan atau membenarkan pro atau tidak, tapi secara akademis akan menganalisis kerangka metodologis dari pemikiran Musdah Mulia.Kata kunci: Poligami, haram ligahirihi.

Administering wealth: the concept of “economy” and the epistemic foundations of nationalism in late-imperial China (late-nineteenth–early-twentieth century)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Blitstein
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Late Imperial China ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The One

Abstract In this paper, I will focus on the emergence and uses of political economy in late-nineteenth–early-twentieth century China. I will discuss how the concept of “economy” came to be conceived as an autonomous sphere of human life, with its own rules and its own order, and how the production of “wealth” was conceptually divorced from ethics, politics, and administration. For this purpose, I will focus on a group which played a key role in reshaping the social and political discourse of the empire: a group of nationalist reformers who wanted to transform the Qing empire into a constitutional monarchy. I will explore how these reformers brought together two different sets of traditions – the Chinese imperial traditions of literati statecraft on the one hand, and mostly British, French, and German traditions of political economy on the other – and how they used them to naturalize a particular idea of what the “Chinese nation” was and should be.

The Program of Proletarian Rassenhygiene

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Mocek
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Milieu ◽  
Developmental Biologist ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Economy ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

The ArgumentIn contrast to “socialist eugenics” as a set of ideas on how to deal with the biological problems of mankind, “proletarian race hygiene” placed its emphasis on the environmental components of human life. This mode of eugenics always assumed a change in living conditions, or social milieu, to be the key to human betterment. Its objective was a gradualist, thoroughgoing improvement of human working and living conditions in order to bring about a life of harmony, solidarity and equality. These ideas can be traced back to phrenomesmerism at the beginning of the nineteenth century, and developed through a stage closely entwined with the Marxist thought of Daniels, Engels, Bebel, etc. (which has scarcely been acknowledged by more modern Marxist literature). This tradition was picked up in the early twentieth century by the Austrian sociologist Goldscheid as well as by the developmental biologist Kammerer. These men extended these ideas and incorporated them into the framework of “proletarian race hygiene,” involving as key concepts what they called “human economy” and “organic technology.”

The ‘Essence’ of Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Naguib Mahfouz

The fourth chapter restores hieroglyphs to their historical and cultural context in post-Revolutionary Egypt, exploring how interpretations of the Pharaonic past and its hieroglyphs intervened in Egypt’s twentieth century struggles for cultural and national identity. The first novels by Naguib Mahfouz and Tawfiq al-Hakim, from the 1920s and 30s, draw on the ‘Pharaonicist’ movement of the period, co-opting the European Orientalist discourses with which Egypt was defined in order to forge their own definitions of the racial and cultural ‘essence’ of Egypt. Yet these national concerns remain linked with an interest in the ontology of media forms; the chapter concludes by focusing on Shadi Abd al-Salam’s film al-Mummia, from 1969, which looks back to early twentieth century Pharaonicism and connects its attempt to reclaim the past with film’s ability to record and preserve Egyptian hieroglyphs and artifacts.

Some Polish Composers of To-Day

Tempo ◽  
1948 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Andrzej Panufnik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Group ◽  
Karol Szymanowski

It is ten years since KAROL SZYMANOWSKI died at fifty-four. He was the most prominent representative of the “radical progressive” group of early twentieth century composers, which we call “Young Poland.” In their manysided and pioneering efforts they prepared the fertile soil on which Poland's present day's music thrives.

V1214: Edward Loughborough Keyes: An Early Twentieth Century Leader In Urology

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 320-320
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stahl ◽  
E. Darracott Vaughan ◽  
Edward S. Belt ◽  
David A. Bloom ◽  
Ann Arbor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

New insights into the controversy surrounding marine biological laboratory (Marine Station) facilities in the Firth of Clyde in the early twentieth century

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
P. G. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Marine Biological Laboratory ◽  
Biological Station ◽  
Marine Biological ◽  
Biological Laboratory ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
Regius Professor ◽  
Adjacent Island

Three letters from the Sheina Marshall archive at the former University Marine Biological Station Millport (UMBSM) reveal the pivotal significance of Sheina Marshall's father, Dr John Nairn Marshall, behind the scheme planned by Glasgow University's Regius Professor of Zoology, John Graham Kerr. He proposed to build an alternative marine station facility on Cumbrae's adjacent island of Bute in the Firth of Clyde in the early years of the twentieth century to cater predominantly for marine researchers.

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