scholarly journals The Excellence of Yamazakura: Mountain Cherries and the Disappearing Tradition of Ukiyo-e Craft

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tuula Moilanen
Keyword(s):  
Short Report ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Wood Material ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Current State ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Woodblock Prints ◽  
Cherry Blossom ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Cherry Trees

Abstract Cherry blossom, sakura, is one of the visual symbols of Japan. For Japanese people it represents the beauty and fragility of life. Cherry tree belongs to the Rose family, which includes nearly 3000 different sub-species of flowering plants. Prunus serrulata, sometimes called as Oriental Cherry, is a species native to Japan, Korea and China. In Japan, cherry trees are roughly divided in yamazakura, wild mountain cherries and satozakura, cultivated cherry trees growing in residential areas. Moilanen’s research concentrates on the special properties of yamazakura, and its use in manufacturing printing blocks for traditional ukiyo-e woodblock prints. The unique craft of ukiyo-e is gradually fading into history due to lack of successors. Difficulties in finding proper yamazakura wood material for making the printing blocks add to the problem. Moilanen gives an overview to the art of ukiyo-e and the present day situation in printing block manufacturing. Her article also includes an introduction of other wood qualities used in Japan for printmaking and a short report about a Finnish attempt for finding an alternative wood material to yamazakura. Research on heat-treated alder and birch was conducted in Aalto University in Helsinki 2008–2012. Finally, the current state of yamazakura in Japan is estimated, and the future prospects of ukiyo-e printmaking.

scholarly journals Analysis of the current state of multi-storey residential areas in the city of Dushanbe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Peretolchina ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila V. Glebushkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Current State ◽  
Density Factor ◽  
Building Area

The aim is to identify the parameters of inter-highway micro-district areas having a significant impact on the quality of the urban environment. A classification of the inter-highway areas of existing multi-storey building systems in Dushanbe was proposed according to the following urban development indicators: absolute (micro-district area, building area, total area of the housing stock, area of all floors of buildings and structures, population); relative (population density, housing stock density); specific (land-to-building ratio, building development density factor). The classification covering 36 micro-districts of the central area of the Dushanbe agglomeration was developed using the method of hierarchical clustering implemented in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. A dendrogram constructed using the method of intra-group connections showed that the existing development of Dushanbe features both problematic and problem-free inter-highway areas. Prob-lematic inter-highway areas are those micro-districts where the density of population and housing stock are overestimated in comparison with their values specified by the regulatory framework 1958–89 adopted across the entire USSR. Problem-free inter-highway areas are those micro-districts where the urban development indicators meet the regulatory requirements of both previous and mod-ern periods. The proposed classification of inter-highway areas in Dushanbe can be used as a con-ceptual and methodological basis for planning new housing construction in the sites under recon-struction and vacant sites.

Diversity of Children’s Independent Mobility in Dhaka

Urbanisation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Md Rashed Bhuyan ◽  
Ye Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Residential Areas ◽  
Independent Mobility ◽  
Current State ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Important Barrier ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Social Profiles

Children’s mobility environment is an ignored topic in discussions of sustainable urbanisation in the Global South. This study explores the independent mobility of children from ages 7 to 15 in Dhaka—reportedly the world’s densest urban conglomeration. Surveys and interviews of children ( n = 308) and their parents were conducted in eight schools in Dhaka, located in three strategically selected residential areas. Children’s independent mobility (CIM) was then analysed with reference to relevant themes across social profiles of children. The results depict the current state of CIM in Dhaka: 59 per cent of the children experienced a low degree of CIM from school to home. The degree of CIM varied noticeably across study areas, income groups, age and gender groups. The presence of cars in streets was identified as an important barrier for CIM by both children and parents. These results could inform policymakers, transportation planners and urban advocates focussing on creating an inclusive and child-friendly urban environment.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE GROWTH OF ‘VANDA’ MAIDEN SWEET CHERRY TREES ON THREE ROOTSTOCKS AND AFTER APLICATION OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION IN A NURSERY

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Sławomir Świerczyński ◽  
Klaudia Borowiak ◽  
Maciej Bosiacki ◽  
Magdalena Urbaniak ◽  
Agnieszka Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Cherry Trees

Cultivation of sweet cherry trees is growing in popularity in Poland thus there is an increasing demand for good quality nursery material. The growth of maiden sweet cherry trees of ‘Vanda’ depending on three rootstocks was compared within three years of the nursery experiment. Also the nutritional status as well as photosynthetic activity of maiden trees after the use of four foliar preparations were in the scope of interest. On the basis of the size of the trunk diameter and weight of maiden sweet cherry tree fresh mass as well as on the basis of dry mass of leaves, the strongest vigor of growth was observed on Colt rootstock, contrary to the vigor on GiSeLa 5 rootstock, in which it was the weakest. Maidens produced on Colt rootstock formed more lateral shoots in comparison to other rootstocks. After foliar fertilization, maiden sweet cherry trees growing on Colt rootstock did not show better parameters of growth, except for Maxi Grow Excel preparation that caused better results of growth. The influence of preparations used on the content of macro and microelements was differentiated. A positive effect of all preparations was noted as far as gas exchange parameters were concerned, especially in the case of Maxi Grow Excel.

scholarly journals Recycling of forestry waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
E Yakovleva ◽  
E Titova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Wood Material ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The article examines the current state of wood waste recycling in the interests of ensuring sustainable development and minimizing the impact on climate change. Classification of wood waste based on the stage of the life cycle of a wood product has been carried out. The problem of organization of wood waste disposal and processing is relevant both directly in the forest industry and in the process of using wood since this leads to the preservation of primary wood material and significantly reduces the volume of deforestation. During the study methods of wood waste recycling and options for complex recycling have been identified. A wood waste recycling scheme which includes such stages as collecting wood waste, deep wood processing and involvement in secondary circulation has been developed. An econometric analysis of correlation between current environmental costs and indicators of economic activity associated with the use of wood waste on innovative basis has been carried out. It has been concluded that there is a tight relationship between the costs of environmental protection and the selected factors. The research results can be used in the development of wood waste recycling schemes by various economic entities of timber and woodworking sectors.

scholarly journals Hypothesis Testing for the Questionnaire Investigation on Tourists’ Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Akane Okubo ◽  
Yuki Higuchi ◽  
Kazuhiro Takeyasu
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Izu Peninsula ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Cherry Blossom ◽  
Cherry Trees

Tourists from abroad are increasing rapidly in Japan. Kawazu town in Izu Peninsula is famous for its cherry trees. In the cherry blossom season, many tourists visit this town. The Kawazu Cherry Blossom Festival was carried out in February 2015. Our research investigation was performed during that period. In this paper, a questionnaire investigation is executed in order to clarify tourists’ behavior, and to seek the possibility of developing regional collaboration among local government, tourism related industry and visitors. Hypothesis testing was executed based on that. We have set 10 Null hypotheses. In the hypothesis testing, 6 cases out of 10 null hypotheses were rejected and the majority of hypotheses were insisted clearly. We have obtained fruitful results.

scholarly journals In Vitro Callus Induction from Adult Tissues of Japanese Flowering Cherry Trees and Two Cherry Rootstocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-399
Author(s):  
Dragana M. SKOČAJIĆ ◽  
Marija M. NEŠIĆ ◽  
Marina Ž. NONIĆ ◽  
Milica M. FOTIRIĆ AKŠIĆ ◽  
Mihailo N. GRBIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Adult Tissues ◽  
Flowering Cherry ◽  
Cherry Rootstocks ◽  
Cherry Trees

Several in vitro biotechnological techniques have been developed, all of which require a reliable protocol to produce a responsive callus mass. One of these techniques is callus fusion in vitro, which is reliable for the early detection of (in)-compatibility of scions and rootstocks. In this paper, the possibility to obtain friable callus tissues was explored by callus induction of adult tissues of Japanese flowering cherry trees from the group Sato zakura (Prunus serrulata ‘Amanogawa’, ‘Kanzan’ and ‘Kiku-shidare-zakura’) and two domestic cherry rootstocks – Prunus avium and Prunus ‘Colt’. The explants used in the research were: leaf petiole, leaf base with a part of a petiole, part of lamina with a midvein and a stem with an axillary bud. Among three plant growth media (MS, SH and WP) that were used in this study, the MS proved to be the most favourable for the majority of taxa during the callus induction process. For the sweet cherry tree and the cultivars ‘Kanzan’ and ‘Colt’, the SH plant growth medium was also acceptable. The best results in callogenesis were obtained for the majority of taxons with auxin at the concentration 2 mgL-1 NAA and cytokinin BAP 0.5 mgL-1. It is also possible to use 2.4-D at the same concentration as a substitute for the genotypes Prunus avium, Prunus ‘Colt’ and Prunus serrulata ‘Kanzan’, whereas IBA proved to be an inappropriate auxin for callus induction. The protocol described herein is proved to be efficient callus induction in a range of taxa of genus Prunus.

scholarly journals The issue on environmental assessment of air quality of residential areas near traffic flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 12009
Author(s):  
Tatiana Germanova ◽  
Anna Kernozhitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Network Composition ◽  
The City

A significant role in ensuring comfortable living conditions in the urban environment is played by the competent organization of the transport and road complex, which is aimed at ensuring road safety, reducing the load on highways for car density and improving the efficiency of traffic in the city when performing planning and technological measures. At the same time, the current state of the city’s traffic flows as sources of increased chemical pollution of the air environment requires an increase in the distance from streets and roads to residential buildings. This distance should be normalized by chemical and physical indicators of the state of atmospheric air and should be taken into account when red lines are established. In this article we analyze: functional state of the city, road network, composition and intensity of traffic flows for Tyumen. The traffic flows of the city are concentrated mainly in the central part of it. A particularly critical situation is formed at the intersections of cargo-loaded main streets at the hours of maximum traffic intensity and on the main highways of the city. We substitute the provision of regulatory requirements for the chemical pollution level at a distance from the border of the carriageway to the border of residential buildings in order to achieve sustainable urban development.

scholarly journals Traffic Management in Residential Areas: Case Study the South District of Luxor City, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Riam Mohamed Elsagher Mahmod Elmorshedy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The South ◽  
Linear Network ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Negative Impacts

Traffic management includes the implementation of a wide range of measures, devices and techniques based on a combination of parallel strategies, to improve safety and livability on streets by reducing the effect of vehicular traffic.The local residential streets have the intended traffic function of providing access to limited numbers of local residents. Traffic management for residential streets helps to preserve and enhance streets by minimizing the negative impacts of traffic and seeks to improve safety for pedestrians, cyclists, motorists and all other road users.The problem is that the planning of Egypt’s existing cities depended on grid and linear network streets withoutseparation land-use. Where the residential areas are always mixed land-use, (residential and commercial uses). This situation reflects on congestion residential areas; noisy, Traffic confusion, . . . . . . etc. So, the author aimed to create the traffic methodological for existing residential areas.This paper is applied in the south district of Luxor city, where the city’s authorities took some procedures formanaging traffic to no avail.This practical study includes: designing the traffic methodological framework, applying the framework at casestudy, and comparing the designed model with the current state of case study. The software programs used are SPSS and excel.The results show that the current state ignores some principles in comparison to the designed model. The important recommendations of research are: the designed model should be applied at case study, and the framework of traffic methodological for existing residential areas is applicable in different areas.

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