Joint Development of Offshore Oil and Gas Resources in the Arctic Ocean Region and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Joint Development of Offshore Oil and Gas Resources in the Arctic Ocean Region and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-105
Author(s):  
John Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

AbstractThe Arctic Ocean region presents certain challenges to peaceful cooperation between states, particularly in the locations where ocean boundaries and ownership of the related resources are disputed. The establishment of Joint Development Zones (JDZs) for the development of offshore oil and gas resources in the Arctic Ocean can facilitate international cooperation over resource development where there are competing claims. These claims are generally based on continental shelf jurisdiction under the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). There are several alternative dispute resolution measures available underUNCLOS; however, a number of states have preferred to adopt aJDZas an interim measure to allow development. The significance ofJDZs for the Arctic Ocean region is that they can allow peaceful cooperation and development where the specific circumstances of Arctic claims make it difficult for the respective states to agree on the maritime boundary.

scholarly journals The European Union’s Potential Contribution to Protect Marine Biodiversity in the Changing Arctic: A Roadmap

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nengye Liu ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

This article provides a roadmap for possible European Union (eu) action in the protection of marine biodiversity in the changing Arctic. First the eu’s competence in the Arctic is briefly introduced. Then the discussion turns to the eu’s potential external and internal actions in shipping, fisheries and offshore oil and gas operations that could possibly enhance the international legal regime for the protection of marine biodiversity in the Arctic. The eu’s role vis-à-vis the global biodiversity regime and cross-cutting measures under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea are discussed together in the final part.

scholarly journals The European Union as an Actor in the Law of the Sea, with Particular Reference to the Arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Churchill
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
The Law ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract The first part of this article explores the extent to which the European Union (EU) is an actor in the law of the sea. After explaining when, why and how the EU became such an actor, it considers the legal and political constraints on the capacity of the EU to act; the interests that have shaped its role as an actor; and the various means by which it acts. The second part of the article applies the conclusions from this analysis to outline the role that the EU has so far played in the ongoing development of the legal regime of the marine Arctic and to predict the role that it will continue to play, especially as regards navigation, fisheries, the exploitation of offshore oil and gas, and the protection of the environment.

scholarly journals The new Brazilian Space: Amazônia Azul and its implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Marianne L. Wiesebron
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Offshore Oil

A Brazilian Admiral coined the concept Amazônia Azul or Blue Amazon, to draw attention to the incredible size of the country’s jurisdictional waters and to all the resources they contain, living, mineral including offshore oil and gas. These waters represent nearly 4.5 million km2 , which equals over 50% of the country’s land surface. However, to create this space with this enormous size, the Brazilian Interministerial Commission for Sea Resources (CIRM), coordinated by the Navy, had to be quite ingenious to follow the rules of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This article studies first the establishment of the space Amazônia Azul, then how this space is being developed in a sustainable way, and how its defence is being set up. The policies of defence created by the Lula Government are also quite innovative, and, in particular, the technology transfer with strategic military partners warrants special attention.

scholarly journals A New Pricing Model for Crude Oil Pre-Sale Units via SPFO (Standard Parallel Forward with Options) in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ghasem Nikjou ◽  
Hamed Najafi ◽  
Kamran Salmani
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
Forward Security ◽  
Option Pricing Model ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Legal Barriers

Nowadays energy has an important role as a driving sector of economy. Forecasting 150 billion dollars investment in energy sector during the fifth development program in Iran, the banking and financial system require a dynamic and modern economy and financial instruments. Obviously, this approach needs to remove legal barriers and modification of contracts. Financing in the oil industry has faced with serious challenges in recent years. In addition, investing in common offshore oil and gas resources is indispensable. Accordingly we are going to design a new contract which is called Oil SPFO (Standard Parallel Forward security with two Options under betting condition), in order to raise funds needed. In this article we would investigate the SPFO for Iran Ministry of Petroleum (MOP)’s finance and present a model for pricing the oil SPFO based on Black and Scholes option pricing model. Finally, we have some recommendations to develop the oil SPFO and suggest that other researchers work on pricing the oil parallel forward securities according to this model.

scholarly journals Mapping of the maritime jurisdiction for Arctic Navigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Pang
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Arctic Navigation ◽  
Navigation Planning ◽  
International Conventions

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In recent years, Arctic glaciers have gradually melted due to the global warming, which makes the exploitation of Arctic and its seabed resources possible. Though numerous disagreements and potentials over Arctic maritime jurisdiction still exist, the surround-Arctic nations have agreed the United Nations' Convention on the Law of the Sea to divide the Arctic Ocean into zones that can be regulated and exploited. The IBRU of Durham University has mapped the known claims, agreed boundaries and potential claims of the surround-Arctic nations in the Arctic to clear the maritime jurisdiction in the region. However, different countries may have different requirements within their jurisdictional areas. Clarifying these requirements is essential for Arctic Navigation of investigation ships and merchant ships for their route planning.</p><p>In this paper, based on the map of maritime jurisdiction and boundaries in Arctic region (IBRU), we analysed the international conventions and relevant laws of the surround-Arctic nations to find out the rights and obligations of ships in different zones. The limitations on activities and recommendations on navigation planning are marked for different zones according to different purposes, i.e. science or commerce. The map could not only provide navigational guidance for the activities in the Arctic Ocean, but offer references for the countries not surrounding the Arctic in the formulation of the Arctic strategies.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document