Indian Aviation Policy on Market Access: Is It a Case of Missing the Woods for the Trees?

2020 ◽  
pp. 305-325
Keyword(s):  
Market Access ◽  
Aviation Policy

scholarly journals PAKISTAN'S NATIONAL AVIATION POLICY (2015) FLIGHT PATH, CROSS WINDS & OFF-COURSE

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-107
Author(s):  
Wali Mughni
Keyword(s):  
Market Access ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Security Assurance ◽  
Aviation Policy ◽  
External Stakeholder ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Forward Looking

Pakistan is an emerging economy where the aviation policy, promulgated in April 2015, was designed to dramatically boost aviation activities, which in turn was expected to enhance the country’s economy. Ownership and market access liberalization, stringent adherence to international standards, subsidies, taxes and duty exemptions/reduction, emphasis on education, investor friendly environment, greater safety and security assurance, and above all, travel and business friendly culture was the strategic direction that Pakistan’s forward looking National Aviation Policy anticipated to achieve. Well after a year of promulgation, poor internal and external stakeholder buy-in of the policy continues to mar expectations of the industry’s stability, growth and prosperity. This paper critically looks at stakeholder apprehensions and suggests possible remedial measures that may be adopted for a course correction.

Market access, teff production, and fertilizer use over time

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Keyword(s):  
Market Access ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Over Time

THE POVERTY REDUCTION SOLUTIONS FOR ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTH EASTERN BORDER AREA USING THE MARKET ACCESS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phi Hung Cuong ◽  
Vu Van Anh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Border

Income is an important indicator for assessing the level of economy development as well as identifying and assessing living standards. The population in Northeast border is poor, facilities are outdated, people’s life is difficult, but it hold great potentials for economic development. However, the region’s biggest challenge today is low living standards and high poverty rate. Differences in income and living standards across regions and strata tend to increase the gap. The sustainability of the trend of income increase and improvement of living standards of the population is not stable. As a result, the development of mountainous areas is dependent on poverty reduction solutions for ethnic minorities through the increase of incomes and improvement of market connectivity for ethnic minorities in mountainous areas.

From Market Access to Cumulative Innovation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Kuenzler
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Intellectual Property Law ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights Protection ◽  
Property Rights Protection ◽  
Production Output

This chapter argues for a reinvigorated role of the market access doctrine and references a number of important antitrust and intellectual property law decisions in which courts have given priority to market access. It finds a novel function for market access to play within antitrust and intellectual property law liability: courts that grant plaintiffs access to a defendant’s production output should refer to a three-step test under which they inquire (1) whether the inventor, through first-mover advantages, has reaped a sufficient reward such that contractual or intellectual property rights protection would no longer be required to facilitate innovation, (2) whether competitors were able to challenge the proprietary platform’s position in the market without the possibility of granting access, and (3) whether competitors seeking to benefit from market access will make use of it to facilitate the introduction of new goods rather than merely to copy the initial invention.

scholarly journals Are asylum seekers more likely to work with more inclusive labor market access regulations?

2019 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Slotwinski ◽  
Alois Stutzer ◽  
Roman Uhlig
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Early Integration ◽  
Labor Market Policies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Labor Market Access ◽  
The One

Abstract In the face of recent refugee migration, early integration of asylum seekers into the labor market has been proposed as an important mechanism for easing their economic and social lot in the short as well as in the long term. However, little is known about the policies that foster or hamper their participation in the labor market, in particular during the important initial period of their stay in the host country. In order to evaluate whether inclusive labor market policies increase the labor market participation of asylum seekers, we exploit the variation in asylum policies in Swiss cantons to which asylum seekers are as good as randomly allocated. During our study period from 2011 to 2014, the employment rate among asylum seekers varied between 0 and 30.2% across cantons. Our results indicate that labor market access regulations are responsible for a substantial proportion of these differences, in which an inclusive regime increases participation by 11 percentage points. The marginal effects are larger for asylum seekers who speak a language that is linguistically close to the one in their host canton. Summary Inclusive labor market access regulations substantially increase the employment chances of asylum seekers, in particular if the language distance is short.

Megamarketing in The Post-Pandemic Era: Rebalancing Political and Social Power

2021 ◽  
pp. 027614672199643
Author(s):  
Philip Kotler ◽  
Hermawan Kartajaya ◽  
Abdullah Alaydrus
Keyword(s):  
Social Power ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Organizational Functions ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Business Enterprises ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Amid globalization and digitalization, market access is relatively more difficult due to various obstacles caused by political and social forces. Large enterprises with limited control over regulation-making with values not in sync with the society experience difficulty accessing markets. Megamarketing represents an effort by business enterprises to counter closed market access by way of managing two “mega” forces: political and social power. The practice of megamarketing has considerably evolved with the changing times -- considering the increasingly significant role of society, preventive interventions, and political forces. Business enterprises can apply megamarketing by (1) better understanding the political and social landscape, (2) integrating relevant organizational functions, and (3) addressing the issues that restrict market access.

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