Taxonomic revision of the Opuntia humifusa complex (Opuntieae: Cactaceae) of the eastern United States

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCAS C. MAJURE ◽  
WALTER S. JUDD ◽  
PAMELA S. SOLTIS ◽  
DOUGLAS E. SOLTIS
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Opuntia Humifusa

The Humifusa clade represents a recent radiation that originated in the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene and consists of about 10 species widely distributed in North America from northern Mexico north to Ontario, Canada, and south to the Florida Keys. This clade likely originated in the edaphically subxeric regions of northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, and from there it later spread to the southeastern United States and ultimately produced a small radiation in the eastern United States. Hybridization among evolutionarily divergent diploid species of the southeastern (SE) and southwestern (SW) United States subclades led to the origin of many polyploid taxa, which today occupy about 75% of the distribution of the clade. Here we present a taxonomic revision of the SE subclade of the Humifusa clade and polyploid derivatives that commonly occur in the eastern United States (i.e., the O. humifusa complex). We recognize eight taxa: Opuntia abjecta, O. austrina, O. cespitosa, O. drummondii, O. humifusa, O. mesacantha subsp. mesacantha, O. mesacantha subsp. lata, and O. nemoralis, as well as the interclade allopolyploid, Opuntia ochrocentra, derived, in part, from a member of the O. humifusa complex. Diagnostic keys, descriptions, original photos, and distribution maps are provided for each taxon. Neotypes are designated for the names O. austrina (NY) and O. youngii (USF), and O. drummondii and O. tracyi are lectotypified from an illustration in Maund & Henslow and a specimen at NY, respectively.

A revision of the New World genus Fidia Baly 1863 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Adoxini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1798 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. STROTHER ◽  
C. L. STAINES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Central American ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The North

The North and Central American genus Fidia Baly 1863 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is revised. The genus is redescribed and a diagnosis separating Fidia from similar genera is provided. Twenty-four species are recognized: F. lateralis Jacoby 1882 is transferred to Xanthonia; Colaspis flavescens Sturm 1826 is a nomen nudum; F. sallei Lefèvre 1877 and F. unistriata Jacoby 1882 are synonymized with F. albovittata Lefèvre 1877; F. atra Jacoby 1882 is synonymized with F. spuria Lefèvre 1877. Twelve species are described as new- F. chapini from Mexico; F. comalensis from Mexico; F. convexicollis from Texas and Oklahoma; F. costaricensis from Costa Rica; F. delilahae from Alabama and Mississippi; F. dicelloposthe from Mexico; F. dichroma from Mexico; F. marraverpa from Mexico; F. papillata from Mexico; F. pedinops from Alabama, Florida, and Georgia; F. rileyorum from the southeastern United States; and F. xanthonioides from Mexico. Lectotypes are designated for F. albovittata Lefèvre 1877, F. cana Horn 1892, F. guatemalensis Jacoby 1879, F. lurida Lefèvre 1885, F. plagiata Lefèvre 1877, F. sallei Lefèvre 1877, F. spuria Lefèvre 1877, and F. unistriata Jacoby 1882. A key to the recognized species is presented and important taxonomic characters are illustrated. Distribution maps are provided for each species.

scholarly journals Starch balance in perennial organs of Carya illinoinensis Koch in a production cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Amir Briceño Contreras ◽  
Alejandro Moreno Reséndez ◽  
Luis Manuel Valenzuela Núñez ◽  
Cristina García De la Peña ◽  
Rafael Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Northern Mexico

Abstract Pecan tree (Carya illinoinensis Koch) is a native specie in Northern Mexico and the Southeastern United States, both countries dominate the production of walnuts to worldwide. The objective was to determine starch balance in root and trunk monthly in two varieties (Western and Wichita), during a production cycle. Sampling was systematic. Results in root and stem showed differences in starch concentrations between varieties, Wichita presented higher concentrations than Western. Wichita variety, in both organs, showed better accumulation conditions of starch. In response to higher starch accumulation in this variety its due to biotic and abiotic requirements to develop up are less demanding than other varieties.

scholarly journals A Whole Chloroplast Genome Phylogeny of Diploid Species of Isoëtes (Isoëtaceae, Lycopodiophyta) in the Southeastern United States

Castanea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Schafran ◽  
Elizabeth A. Zimmer ◽  
W. Carl Taylor ◽  
Lytton J. Musselman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genome Phylogeny

scholarly journals Age, Growth, and Natural Mortality of Graysby, Cephalophilis cruentata, from the Southeastern United States

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Burton ◽  
Jennifer C. Potts ◽  
Andrew D. Ostrowski ◽  
Kyle W. Shertzer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Growth Equations

Graysby (Cephalophilis cruentata) (n = 1308) collected from the southeastern United States Atlantic coast from 2001 to 2016 were aged using sectioned sagittal otoliths. Opaque zones formed February to June (peaking in April). Ages ranged from 2 to 21 years, and the largest fish measured 453 mm TL. Growth morph analysis revealed two regionally distinct growth trajectories: von Bertalanffy growth equations were Lt = 388 (1 − e−0.12(t+5.73)) for fish from North Carolina through southeast Florida (northern region), and Lt = 267 (1 − e−0.17(t+6.20)) for fish from the Florida Keys (southern region). When growth was re-estimated using a fixed t0 value of −0.75 to estimate for smaller fish, growth equations were Lt = 349 (1 − e−0.26(t+0.75)) and Lt = 250 (1 − e−0.43(t+0.75)) for fish from the northern and southern regions, respectively. The age-invariant estimate of natural mortality was M = 0.30 for all fish, while age-specific estimates ranged 0.88–0.28 y−1 for fish aged 1–21 from the northern region and 0.89–0.47 y−1 for fish aged 1–15 from the southern region. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of life-history parameters for graysby from the Atlantic waters off the southeastern United States, including specimens from both recreational and commercial fisheries.

scholarly journals Review of the genus Ceraturgus Wiedemann (Diptera: Asilidae) in North America north of Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1766 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY K. BARNES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
North America North

The species of Ceraturgus occurring in the eastern United States and Canada are reviewed. A key to species, descriptions, illustrations of wings and some genitalic features, and distribution maps are presented. Ceraturgus fasciatus is resurrected from synonymy with Ceraturgus cruciatus, and Ceraturgus mabelae is reduced to synonymy with Ceraturgus nigripes (new synonymy). Ceraturgopsis is resurrected, assigned subgeneric rank, and Ceraturgus cornutus is fixed as type species. This work is dedicated to the memory of one of America’s foremost asilidologists, Joseph Wilcox.

scholarly journals Virulence of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici on Winter Wheat in the Eastern United States

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Niewoehner ◽  
S. Leath
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Differential Host ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Samples of perithecia of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici from senescing wheat leaves were collected by cooperators from 17 states. Ascospores were discharged from perithecia and single-spore isolates were characterized for virulence genes using a differential host series containing 15 known resistance genes. A total of 520 isolates from 17 states were characterized in 1993 and 1994. Virulence frequencies and complexity and racial composition were examined. The data were analyzed for associations among sets of virulence genes and the geographical distribution of phenotypes. Virulence to Pm3c, Pm3f, pm5, Pm6, and Pm7 was present in all states surveyed. Since 1990, virulence to Pm3a has increased in the northeast, and virulence to Pm1, Pm4b, Pm8, and Pm17 has increased across the area surveyed. The resistance genes Pm12 and Pm16 remain highly effective in the southeastern United States. An increase in virulence frequencies and complexity of isolates was observed.

scholarly journals Stenanthium leimanthoides and S. densum (Melanthiaceae) revisited, with the description of two new species

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-286
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Sorrie ◽  
Alan S. Weakley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Stenanthium, distributed through much of eastern United States, has previously been circumscribed with four species. Herbarium and field research on Stenanthium densum and S. leimanthoides (Melanthiaceae) support the recognition of two new segregate species, S. macrum and S. tennesseense. Data are presented on morphology, phenology, habitat, and distribution of each of these four species. Selected specimen records, distribution maps, field photographs, and a key to these four species are provided.

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