A revision of the New World genus Fidia Baly 1863 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Adoxini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1798 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. STROTHER ◽  
C. L. STAINES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Central American ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The North

The North and Central American genus Fidia Baly 1863 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is revised. The genus is redescribed and a diagnosis separating Fidia from similar genera is provided. Twenty-four species are recognized: F. lateralis Jacoby 1882 is transferred to Xanthonia; Colaspis flavescens Sturm 1826 is a nomen nudum; F. sallei Lefèvre 1877 and F. unistriata Jacoby 1882 are synonymized with F. albovittata Lefèvre 1877; F. atra Jacoby 1882 is synonymized with F. spuria Lefèvre 1877. Twelve species are described as new- F. chapini from Mexico; F. comalensis from Mexico; F. convexicollis from Texas and Oklahoma; F. costaricensis from Costa Rica; F. delilahae from Alabama and Mississippi; F. dicelloposthe from Mexico; F. dichroma from Mexico; F. marraverpa from Mexico; F. papillata from Mexico; F. pedinops from Alabama, Florida, and Georgia; F. rileyorum from the southeastern United States; and F. xanthonioides from Mexico. Lectotypes are designated for F. albovittata Lefèvre 1877, F. cana Horn 1892, F. guatemalensis Jacoby 1879, F. lurida Lefèvre 1885, F. plagiata Lefèvre 1877, F. sallei Lefèvre 1877, F. spuria Lefèvre 1877, and F. unistriata Jacoby 1882. A key to the recognized species is presented and important taxonomic characters are illustrated. Distribution maps are provided for each species.

Revision of the taxonomy and distribution of the Neotropical Copris incertus species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D.G. Darling ◽  
François Génier
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
New World ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
A New Species

AbstractCopris incertus Say, 1835 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Coprini) has been described as a New World coprophagous scarab distributed from Mexico to Ecuador with large discontinuities in its range between the Yucatán province and Costa Rica. The C. incertus species complex of the Copris minutus (Drury, 1773) species group consists of C. incertus, Copris laeviceps Harold, 1869, and Copris lugubris Boheman, 1858. Based on external morphology and male genitalia, we discovered that multiple species have been classified as C. incertus. Of these species, five are new: Copris amazonicusnew species, Copris brevicornisnew species, Copris davidinew species, Copris moroninew species, and Copris susanaenew species. Herein, we revise the organisation of the C. incertus species complex and propose a new species complex, the C. laeviceps species complex, which includes: C. davidi, Copris igualensis Warner, 1990, and C. laeviceps, formerly included in the C. incertus species complex. We provide an identification key along with species distribution maps, images of habitus, and diagnostic characters.

Taxonomic revision of the Opuntia humifusa complex (Opuntieae: Cactaceae) of the eastern United States

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCAS C. MAJURE ◽  
WALTER S. JUDD ◽  
PAMELA S. SOLTIS ◽  
DOUGLAS E. SOLTIS
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Opuntia Humifusa

The Humifusa clade represents a recent radiation that originated in the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene and consists of about 10 species widely distributed in North America from northern Mexico north to Ontario, Canada, and south to the Florida Keys. This clade likely originated in the edaphically subxeric regions of northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, and from there it later spread to the southeastern United States and ultimately produced a small radiation in the eastern United States. Hybridization among evolutionarily divergent diploid species of the southeastern (SE) and southwestern (SW) United States subclades led to the origin of many polyploid taxa, which today occupy about 75% of the distribution of the clade. Here we present a taxonomic revision of the SE subclade of the Humifusa clade and polyploid derivatives that commonly occur in the eastern United States (i.e., the O. humifusa complex). We recognize eight taxa: Opuntia abjecta, O. austrina, O. cespitosa, O. drummondii, O. humifusa, O. mesacantha subsp. mesacantha, O. mesacantha subsp. lata, and O. nemoralis, as well as the interclade allopolyploid, Opuntia ochrocentra, derived, in part, from a member of the O. humifusa complex. Diagnostic keys, descriptions, original photos, and distribution maps are provided for each taxon. Neotypes are designated for the names O. austrina (NY) and O. youngii (USF), and O. drummondii and O. tracyi are lectotypified from an illustration in Maund & Henslow and a specimen at NY, respectively.

The Southern Cult in the Northern Plains

1953 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Howard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Northern Plains ◽  
The North ◽  
Platform Mounds ◽  
River Valleys

Recently renewed interest has been focused upon the occurrence in the Plains area of the archaeological complex often termed the “Southern cult.” This complex is found over a wide geographic area and in association with varied cultures. It occurs throughout the southeastern United States, and extends north and west along the Mississippi and Missouri River valleys. It has been found in eastern South Dakota, eastern North Dakota, and in the provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan in Canada. The complex is characterized by specific art motifs and ceremonial objects, including masklike whelk shell gorgets, and the cross, forkedeye, and hand-and-eye motifs. The complex was apparently fundamentally dependent upon a horticultural base, and is associated in nearly every case with platform mounds. Sites often thought of in connection with the Southern cult are Etowah (Georgia), Moundville (Alabama), and Spiro (Oklahoma). The author has recently examined materials in the collections of the North Dakota State Historical Museum for artifacts related to the complex.

scholarly journals Variations in the geostrophic circulation pattern and thermohaline structure in the Southeast Central American Pacific.

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Brenes ◽  
Daniel Ballestero ◽  
Rosario Benavides ◽  
Juan Pablo Salazar ◽  
Gustavo Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Current System ◽  
Zonal Flow ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Central American ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Cocos Island

<p>This study was conducted in the southeast region of the Central American Pacific, an area of great oceanographic importance due to the presence of various upwelling phenomena and the direct influence of the ENSO on its waters. Its main objective was to contribute to the knowledge of the main factors that modulate the regional dynamics. We describe the geostrophic circulation and thermohaline features along two transects obtained in October 2010 and March 2011, one from Costa Rica at (84°54’ W - 9°37’ N) to the SW of Cocos Island at (88°19’ W - 3°06’ N), and the second oriented zonally across the island from (88°14’ W - 5°33’ N) to (84°33’ W - 5°33’ N). Surface temperatures ranged from 27°C to 29°C and a near isothermal layer, with an average thickness of 40 m, was apparent above the thermocline centered at 60 m. Surface salinities were between 32 and 32.8, typical values of the Tropical Surface Water. In both years, Cocos Island was located in a region of low surface salinities (~32). The salty core of the Subtropical Subsurface Water (~35) was located at an average depth of 150m. In October the circulation between Cocos Island and the continent was dominated by the presence of the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC), with speeds above 40 cm s<sup>-1 </sup>in the upper 50 m of the water column. No flow to the northwest near the coast that could be associated with the Costa Rica Coastal Current (CRCC) in October was observed. The Cocos Island was located in the center of a 150 m deep, 100 km diameter anticyclonic eddy, with surface speeds of 10 cm s<sup>-1</sup>and 20 cm s<sup>-1</sup>. In March the study area was again dominated by an anticyclonic cell, with eastward flow between 50 cm s<sup>-1</sup> and 60 cm s<sup>-1</sup> located between 200 km north and 100 km south of the island. The southern end of this cell, with velocities between 10 cm s<sup>-1 </sup>and 50 cm s<sup>-1</sup> to the northwest, was located 200 km south of Cocos Island. A flow to the NW near the edge of the continental shelf, consistent with the CRCC, was observed in May. Our study contributes to document the oceanography of the eastern end of the Equatorial Current System near the coast of Central America, where regional forcing modifies the zonal flow which prevails west of the study area.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Studies in the vascular flora of the southeastern United States: V

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Alan S. Weakley ◽  
R. Kevan Schoonover McClelland ◽  
Richard J. LeBlond ◽  
Keith A. Bradley ◽  
James F. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Vascular Flora ◽  
The North ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
A New Species

As part of ongoing efforts to understand and document the flora of the southeastern United States, we propose a number of taxonomic changes. In Trichostema, we name a new species, narrowly endemic to maritime grasslands in the Carolinas and warranting formal conservation status and action. In Dichanthelium (Poaceae), we continue the reassessment of taxa formerly recognized in Panicum and provide new combinations along with a new key to taxa in the Dichanthelium scabriusculum complex. In Paspalum (Poaceae), we address the controversial taxonomy of P. arundinaceum and P. pleostachyum and treat the two as conspecific, with P. arundinaceum the correct name. In Portulaca (Portulacaceae), we report the discovery of the Bahamian P. minuta as a native component of the North American flora, occurring in southern Florida.

scholarly journals Phylodynamics reveals extinction–recolonization dynamics underpin apparently endemic vampire bat rabies in Costa Rica

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1912) ◽  
pp. 20191527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Streicker ◽  
Silvia Lucia Fallas González ◽  
Giovanna Luconi ◽  
Rocío González Barrientos ◽  
Bernal Leon
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Central American ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South ◽  
Vampire Bat

Variation in disease incidence in wildlife is often assumed to reflect environmental or demographic changes acting on an endemic pathogen. However, apparent endemicity might instead arise from spatial processes that are challenging to identify from traditional data sources including time series and field studies. Here, we analysed longitudinal sequence data collected from rabies virus outbreaks over 14 years in Costa Rica, a Central American country that has recorded continuous vampire bat-transmitted rabies outbreaks in humans and livestock since 1985. We identified five phylogenetically distinct lineages which shared most recent common ancestors with viruses from North and South America. Bayesian phylogeographic reconstructions supported bidirectional viral dispersals involving countries to the north and south of Costa Rica at different time points. Within Costa Rica, viruses showed little contemporaneous spatial overlap and no lineage was detected across all years of surveillance. Statistical models suggested that lineage disappearances were more likely to be explained by viral extinctions than undetected viral circulation. Our results highlight the importance of international viral dispersal for shaping the burden of rabies in Costa Rica, suggest a Central American corridor of rabies virus invasions between continents, and show that apparent disease endemicity may arise through recurrent pathogen extinctions and reinvasions which can be readily detected in relatively small datasets by joining phylodynamic and modelling approaches.

Taxonomy of Central American water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817 (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4974 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-503
Author(s):  
PHILIP D. PERKINS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Central American ◽  
Water Beetles ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
High Resolution Images

The taxonomy of Central American water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817 is presented, including the Mexican fauna. The known fauna now consists of 26 species, nine of which are described as new species. The new species are diagnosed, and high-resolution images of the habitus and male genitalia of each species, and detailed descriptions of the male genitalia are given. Geographical distribution maps are given for all species. The following new species are described: H. aeruginosus n. sp. (Mexico), H. argutoides n. sp. (Costa Rica), H. biexcavatus n. sp. (Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua), H. laevigatus n. sp. (Mexico), H. lubricus n. sp. (Mexico), H. mesoamericanus n. sp. (Belize, Mexico), H. nayaritensis n. sp. (Mexico), H. panamensis n. sp. (Panama), and H. perpunctatus n. sp. (Mexico), Images of the habitus and male genitalia, and detailed descriptions of the male genitalia are also provided for the following previously described species: H. beeneni Makhan 1992, H. bernardi Makhan 1994, H. brianbrowni Makhan 2005, H. elineae Makhan 1994, H. foveatus Haldeman 1852, H. vagus LeConte 1852, H. vanvondeli Makhan 1994, and H. variolatus LeConte 1852. New locality data are provided for 17 species: H. beeneni Makhan 1992, H. bernardi Makhan 1994, H. brianbrowni Makhan 2005, H. debilis Sharp 1882, H. directus Perkins 2020, H. elineae Makhan 1994, H. foveatus Haldeman 1852, H. leei Perkins 2019, H. obscurus Sharp 1882, H. pertuberculatus Perkins 2020, H. piroei Makhan 1992, H. sagittarius Perkins 2019c, H. soekhnandanae Makhan 1992, H. steineri Perkins 2020, H. vagus LeConte 1852, H. vanvondeli Makhan 1994, and H. variolatus LeConte 1852. Lectotypes are designated for H. vagus LeConte 1852. H. otvosi Makhan 1993 is a new synonym of H. variolatus LeConte 1852. 

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