Comparative vegetative anatomy of the genera Grammosciadium, Caropodium and Vinogradovia (Apiaceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 427 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
DUDU ÖZLEM MAVİ İDMAN ◽  
MUHAMMET ALİ KARAKAYA ◽  
FATMA ULUSOY ◽  
BARIŞ BANİ
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Vegetative Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Leaf Segments

This study includes the anatomical characters of the vegetative organs (stems, leaf sheats and leaf segments) of the genera Grammosciadium, Caropodium and Vinogradovia. All samples, collected from different localities in Turkey, were sectioned from the same part of the corresponding tissue. The results show that, although those three genera are closely related based on the studied characters, several features (such as the wing appearance, the presence of sclerenchyma above floem and the collenchyma under the epidermal layer of the stems) are the most prominent characters for genera differentiation. Similarly, the leaf sheath and leaf segments shown anatomical similarities, but they display remarkable differences in size that help to distinguish among genera.

scholarly journals Use of morphological and anatomical characters to delimit varieties of Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (Rhamnaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Saleem E. Shahbaz ◽  
Nazar M. Shareef
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Palisade Cells ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Introduction: Paliurus spina-christi Mill is a species with two varieties namely Paliurus spina-christi L. var. spina-christi and Paliurus spina-christivar. macrocarpa Beck native to mountains of Kurdistan, rarely growing in the upper plains of northern Iraq. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 plants from different parts of Kurdistan region were sampled. 30measurements for each characters of Leaf, Inflorescence, Flowers, Fruit, seeds, and leaf anatomical characters were measured for comparison between the two varieties. Results and Discussion: Fruit diameter of var. macrocarpa is significantly larger than fruit diameter of var. spina-christi. Most mean flower parts especially the ovary, in addition to seed size is larger in var. macrocarpa. Upper epidermal layer is always thicker than the lower epidermal layer for the same blade. The isobilateral mesophyll includes 2 layers of long palisade cells adaxially and 2-3 layers of short cells abaxially. Many vascular bundles are seen equally spaced in the mesophyll tissue.With the exception of the presence of simple hairs on the petiole adaxial side of the var. spina-cristi and the absence of these hairs from the same site of var. macrocarpa, all other anatomical features are considered to be of no taxonomic application. Stomatal density of the adaxial leaf side is up to 19 stomata per mm² in var. spina-christi while it is up to 38 stomata per mm² in var. macrocarpa. Conclusions: Both fruit diameter and the stomatal density of the adaxial leaf side constitute diagnostic characters for separating between the two varieties of Paliurus spina-christi Mill

Anatomical and micromorphological studies on Teucrium sect. Isotriodon (Lamiaceae) in Turkey with a taxonomic note

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhittin Dinç ◽  
Süleyman Doğu
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Trichome Types

AbstractIn this study, the anatomical features of the leaf and stem, besides the nutlet characteristics of some Teucrium sect. Isotriodon (Lamiaceae) taxa in Turkey, T. montbretii Betham subsp. montbretii, T. montbretii subsp. pamphylicum P. H. Davis, T. odontites Boiss. & Bal., T. cavernarum P. H. Davis, T. antitauricum T. Ekim, along with an isolated population of T. montbretii (T. montbretii subsp.) were investigated. The anatomical studies revealed that the taxa share generally similar anatomical characters, such as thicker upper leaf cuticles and larger upper leaf epidermal cells compared to lower ones and diacytic to anomocytic stomata on the leaves. However, the portion of the mesophyll occupied by palisade parenchyma and the occurrence of mucilage cells in leaf epidermis shows difference among the taxa. Furthermore, the studied taxa have general stem characteristics of the Lamiaceae family, except for having poorly developed collenchyma at the corners. With the amphistomatic leaves and developed sclerenchymatic tissue in the leaf median vein, T. cavernarum is seperated from the other taxa. Trichome types on the vegetative organs and nutlet shape and sculpturing are generally the same or similar in the studied taxa, but trichomes on the nutlets are different among them. Based on nutlet characteristics and some morphological ones, it was revealed that the isolated population of T. montbretii represent a new subspecies, T. monbretii subsp. yildirimlii M.Dinç & S.Doğu subsp. nov.

scholarly journals Morphoanatomic characterization of the stem and the leaf of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC (Apocynaceae) and antimutagenic activity of its leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G.G. GUIDOTI ◽  
D.T. GUIDOTI ◽  
C.L.M.S.C. ROCHA ◽  
K.S.M. MOURÃO
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Conidia Germination

ABSTRACT Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC (Apocynaceae) is used as a medicinal plant by the population. In order to contribute to the safe use of the plant as herbal medicine, this study aimed to morphoanatomically characterize the aereal vegetative organs of T. catharinensis and to evaluate the leaves’ mutagenic and antimutagenic activities. Histological blades of leaves and stem of T. catharinensis were performed; the methionine system (methG1) and Aspergillusnidulans conidia germination analysis were employed for mutagenic and antimutagenic evaluation. The morphoanatomic analysis did not show trichomes in the stem, petiole and leaf. Besides, it was observed both the presence of bi-collateral bundles - except in the foliar apex where the bundles were from the collateral type - as well as anamphistomatic leaf with paracyte stomata and sub-epidermal layer in the region of the leaf edges. The mutagenicity/antimutagenicity trial indicated a significant decrease of mutation frequency in comparison with the control group and showed that the T. catharinensis had antimutagenic activity within the type, time and form of treatment. Since the germination test showed that the conidia germination was accelerated from the bud phase, activities at the cell cycle level and polarized growth proved to be possible. The morphoanatomic analysis of the leaf and stem associated with the mutagenic and antimutagenic analyses contributes to the safe use of the plant by humans and also for the quality control of a possible phytotherapeutic drug.

Solving taxonomic problems within the Aldama genus based on anatomical characters

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Bertolosi Bombo ◽  
Arinawa Liz Filartiga ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time

Anatomical characteristics have proved to be an invaluable asset for supporting taxonomic studies on different plant families, such as Asteraceae. Anatomical features can also help clarify taxonomical problems in the Aldama La Llave genus, especially among Brazilian representatives. The present study focussed on Aldama bakeriana, A. discolor, A. grandiflora and A. squalida. These species were chosen because they are difficult to identify taxonomically if the specimens have no flowers, they have biological and pharmacological potential and they are representative species from key morphological groups in the Aldama genus and could help in future taxonomical investigations. Aerial and underground vegetative organs from the four species were described herein for the first time and a comparative analysis was performed to highlight the unique features of each species and determine whether these species can be differentiated in terms of anatomy. All four species analysed were anatomically very similar. However, they could be differentiated on the basis of the set of anatomical features described for each species. On the basis of our findings, we concluded that anatomy is able to provide data to assist with the taxonomic problems within the four species analysed herein. The results also corroborated other studies on the Aldama genus.

Histological aspects of the cryopreservation of potato

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
P. Pepó ◽  
A. Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
Vacuolated Cells

Cryopreservation appears to be a suitable solution for the maintenance of potato germplasms. The protocol described in this paper can be applied for the vitrification and preservation of meristems. During histo-cytological studies it is possible to observe modifications at the cellular level and to understand the adaptive mechanism to low temperatures. Control potato meristem tissue contained a number of meristematic cells with a gradient of differentiation. After freezing there were a large number of vacuolated cells, some of which exhibited broken cell walls and plasmolysis. The thickening of the cell wall, giving them a sinuous appearance, was observed after freezing and thawing the meristems, with ruptures of the cuticle and epidermal layer.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Leaf Color of Plants Regenerated through In Vitro Culture from Variegated Leaf Segments of Caladium.

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Tetsuyuki Takemoto ◽  
Susumu Yazawa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Variegated Leaf

A new species of the genus Calligonum (Polygonaceae) from Turkmenistan

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
A. V. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
A New Species

A new species Calligonum inerme Kamelin, Gorelova et A. Pavlenko is described from the Badkhyz highland in South-East Turkmenistan. This species is similar to C. junceum (Fisch. et C. A. Mey.) Litv. by habit and morphology of vegetative organs, but differs from this and other species of the genus Calligonum L. by glabrous nutlets without wings or bristles.

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