Anatomical characteristics of two enigmatic and two poorly known Pisidium species (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae) from Southern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1338 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIÁN ITUARTE ◽  
ALEXEI V. KORNIUSHIN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Dorsal View ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Common Features ◽  
New Name ◽  
Lateral Loop ◽  
First Time

The shell morphology and anatomy of two enigmatic Pisidium species, Pisidium dorbignyi Clessin, 1879, never re-examined after the original description, and Pisidium lebruni Mabille, 1884, a species not reported again until 1995, are described. The type of P. dorbignyi (new name for Cyclas pulchella d´Orbigny, 1835) is lost, for which, and in order to define the taxonomic status of the species, a neotype is herein selected. Both species share as common features: the presence of only the anal siphonal aperture, only one pair of demibranchs, the inner and the type of nephridium, closed with lateral loop visible from dorsal view, consistently differing in shell morphology. Previously unknown details on the anatomy of Pisidium sterkianum Pilsbry, 1897 and Pisidium vile Pilsbry, 1897, particularly those concerning the type of nephridium and inner radial mantle musculature, are described and illustrated for the first time.

Additions to the Placopsis mycobiota (Trapeliaceae, Ascomycota) of southern South America, with notes on new records (including Aspiciliopsis macrophthalma), and a revised regional key to the species

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. GALLOWAY
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Records ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
First Time

AbstractAspiciliopsis macrophthalma, Placopsis fusciduloides, P. gelidioides and P. tararuana are reported for the first time from southern South America. New records for 13 species of Placopsis in southern South America are reported, and a revised key to 22 species of Placopsis and A. macrophthalma in the region is given.

Description of Almafuerte, a new genus of ground spiders from South America (Araneae, Gnaphosidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4338 (2) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIAN J. GRISMADO ◽  
NICOLÁS LÓPEZ CARRIÓN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
First Time

A new genus of gnaphosid spiders, Almafuerte, gen. nov., is described for seven species from Southern South America. The new genus is diagnosed by a conspicuous retrolateral tegular projection on the male palp, and by having three teeth on the cheliceral retromargin. It comprises six species from Argentina, A. peripampasica sp. nov. (type species), from Central Argentina, also present in Uruguay, A. kuru sp. nov., from Santiago del Estero, A. vigorosa sp. nov., from Corrientes, A. goloboffi sp. nov., from Salta and Jujuy, A. remota sp. nov., from Santiago del Estero and Mendoza, and A. giaii (Gerschman & Schiapelli) comb. nov., here transferred from Echemus, from Santa Fe (the female is here described by the first time); and one species from Bolivia, A. facon sp. nov., from Cochabamba. Hypotheses of relationships of the new taxa are briefly discussed, in the context of the previously proposed groupings: the subfamilies Echeminae and Drassodinae (sensu Platnick 1990) and the “Echemus group” (sensu Murphy 2007). 

The bee genus Psaenythia in northern South America (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-167
Author(s):  
Michael S. Engel ◽  
Diego A. Guevara ◽  
Rodulfo Ospina-Torres ◽  
Victor H. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

The diverse bee genus Psaenythia Gerstaecker (Panurginae, Protandrenini), hitherto known from central and southern South America, is recorded from northern South America for the first time. Two new species are described: Psaenythia diceratops, sp. n., from northeastern Colombia, and P. guaricoensis, sp. n., from central Venezuela. The males of P. diceratops are noteworthy for possessing prominent apicolateral clypeal horns, elongate scythe-like mandibles, and displaying macrocephaly with strong dimorphism. Keywords: Andrenidae, Anthophila, Apoidea, Panurginae, taxonomy, Neotropical

scholarly journals On some trematodes parasites of fishes from Paraná River

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. M. FERNANDES ◽  
A. KOHN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
New Host ◽  
Parana River ◽  
Geophagus Brasiliensis ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Records

Crassicutis cichlasomae Manter, 1936 is redescribed for the first time in South America and from a new host: Geophagus brasiliensis (Cichlidae). Iheringtrema iheringi Travassos, 1948 is redescribed for the first time since its original description from Pseudopimelodus zungaro (Pimelodidae); and new host records are referred to Genarchella genarchella Travassos et al., 1928, and to Parspina argentinensis (Szidat, 1954). Other reported species are: Microrchis oligovitellum Lunaschi, 1987, Neocladocystis intestinalis (Vaz, 1932), Pseudosellacotyla lutzi (Freitas, 1941), Thometrema overstreeti (Brooks et al., 1979) and Zonocotyle bicaecata Travassos, 1948. Original figures and measurements are presented.

Cissus lombardiana a new name for Cissus ulmifolia (Vitaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
RAMALINGAM KOTTAIMUTHU ◽  
MUTHURAMALINGAM JOTHI BASU ◽  
KULLAIYAN SATHIYADASH ◽  
VELUSWAMY KARTHIKEYAN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Fossil Taxon ◽  
New Name ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
The Family

Cissus Linnaeus (1753: 117) is the most speciose genus in the family Vitaceae and notable for its pantropical intercontinental disjunct pattern (Liu et al. 2013). According to the recent estimate, the genus is known to have 291 accepted species (POWO 2020) and it is widely distributed in tropical regions of Africa, Asia, Australia, Central and South America and Mexico (Wen 2007). The main characters delimiting Cissus from other Vitaceae genera are the well-developed, thick and undivided floral disks, tetramerous flowers, one-seeded berries, and seeds with a long and linear chalaza (Wen 2007). In South America, Cissus is represented by 64 species (Lombardi 2000, 2007, Rodrigues et al. 2014). Amongst C. ulmifolia (Baker 1871: 213) Planchon (1887: 552) that is a later homonym of an Italian fossil taxon Cissus ulmifolia Massalongo (1858: 80). While checking the literature and relevant websites for the availability of any synonyms, we found that C. allenii Croat (1977: 358) and C. serrulatifolia Williams (1962: 375) are listed as heterotypic synonyms of C. ulmifolia in Tropicos (2020) following Nelson (2010). However, C. allenii was synonymized under C. serrulatifolia by most of the workers (Govaerts 1999, Lombardi 2007, Morales 2015, POWO 2020, Raz & Zamora 2020) but C. ulmifolia was treated as a distinct species. So in order to ascertain the taxonomic status, we critically studied the protologues and digital specimens including types of these three species, we found that the characters of C. allenii are well within the range of C. serrulatifolia but C. ulmifolia differs from them by its 4-sided, distinctly winged stem (vs. stem terete, not winged or wingless in C. serrulatifolia) and the fruits ovoid or ovoid–subglobose, smooth (vs. obovoid or subpyriform, lenticellate in C. serrulatifolia). Since no other validly published legitimate name is available for this species (Lombardi 2007, Mota de Oliveira & Jansen-Jacobs 2016, POWO 2020), therefore, the authors propose Cissus lombardiana as a replacement name.

Remarks on some European Aleocharinae, with description of a new Rhopaletes species from Croatia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Ádám
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Species ◽  
New Name ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Remarks on some European Aleocharinae, with description of a new Rhopaletes species from Croatia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Based on an examination of type and non-type material, ten species-group names are synonymised: Atheta mediterranea G. Benick, 1941, Aloconota carpathica Jeannel et Jarrige, 1949 and Atheta carpatensis Tichomirova, 1973 with Aloconota mihoki (Bernhauer, 1913); Amischa jugorum Scheerpeltz, 1956 with Amischa analis (Gravenhorst, 1802); Amischa strupii Scheerpeltz, 1967 with Amischa bifoveolata (Mannerheim, 1830); Atheta tricholomatobia V. B. Semenov, 2002 with Atheta boehmei Linke, 1934; Atheta palatina G. Benick, 1974 and Atheta palatina G. Benick, 1975 with Atheta dilaticornis (Kraatz, 1856); Atheta degenerata G. Benick, 1974 and Atheta degenerata G. Benick, 1975 with Atheta testaceipes (Heer, 1839). A new name, Atheta velebitica nom. nov. is proposed for Atheta serotina Ádám, 2008, a junior primary homonym of Atheta serotina Blackwelder, 1944. A revised key for the Central European species of the Aloconota sulcifrons group is provided. Comments on the separation of the males of Amischa bifoveolata and A. analis are given. A key for the identification of Amischa species occurring in Hungary and its close surroundings is presented. Remarks are presented about the relationships of Alevonota Thomson, 1858 and Enalodroma Thomson, 1859. The taxonomic status of Oxypodera Bernhauer, 1915 and Mycetota Ádám, 1987 is discussed. The specific status of Pella hampei (Kraatz, 1862) is debated. Remarks are presented about the relationships of Alevonota Thomson, 1858, as well as Mycetota Ádám, 1987, Oxypodera Bernhauer, 1915 and Rhopaletes Cameron, 1939. The publication date of several Atheta species described by G. Benick is discussed. Aloconota mihoki, Amischa forcipata, A. filum and Atheta boehmei are reported from Hungary, Croatia and Romania, respectively, for the first time. A new species, Rhopaletes slavoniae sp. n. is described from Croatia.

A clarification of the name Carex hypsipedos C.B.Clarke (Cyperaceae) and a new name for the South American Carex section Acrocystis taxon

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 291 (4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. POINDEXTER ◽  
M. ESCUDERO ◽  
P. JIMÉNEZ-MEJÍAS
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Other ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
New Name ◽  
Additional Detail ◽  
Mixed Collection

In 1906, Clarke described C. hypsipedos based on specimens of Weberbauer 2617 and placed this species in subgenus Vignea. In 1909, Kükenthal also described the name C. umbellata var. depressa on the basis of the number Weberbauer 2617, a species attributed to section Acrocystis of subgenus Carex. Wheeler in 1988 also placed C. hypsipedos in section Acrocystis while reducing Kükenthal’s name to synonymy. During a recent herbarium survey, we studied syntypes corresponding to Weberbauer 2617 at B, F, G, and MOL. The study of these materials revealed important inconsistencies between the specimens and Clarke’s protologue and Wheeler’s study, suggesting that Weberbauer 2617 is a mixed collection of two different species. One plant conforms to Carex sect. Acrocystis, while the other bears resemblance to subgenus Vignea. Several salient characters distinguish these two taxa from each other, most notably including: stigmas 3 vs. stigmas 2, achenes trigonous vs. lenticular, and perigynium pubescent to puberulent vs. glabrous. Carex hypsipedos from Peru, corresponding to Clarke’s original description, is here lectotypified. The Carex sect. Acrocystis species is assigned a new name, Carex punicola, from Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru (South America). In addition to Wheeler’s (1988) observations, we here provide additional detail and illustration of this species. It is closely related to C. geophila, another American species in section Acrocystis.

Paralonchothrix gen. nov., the first record of Echimyini (Rodentia, Octodontoidea) in the late Miocene of Southern South America

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Pedro PIÑERO ◽  
A. Itatí OLIVARES ◽  
Diego H. VERZI ◽  
Victor H. CONTRERAS
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northwestern Argentina ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Echimyidae is the most widely diversified family among hystricognath rodents, both in the number of species and variety of lifestyles. In the Patagonian Subregion of southern South America, extinct echimyids related to living arboreal species (Echimyini) are recorded up to the middle Miocene, whereas all the known southern fossils since the late Miocene are linked to terrestrial and fossorial lineages currently inhabiting the Chacoan open biome in eastern South America. In this work, we describe a new genus of echimyid rodent, Paralonchothrix gen. nov., from the late Miocene of northwestern Argentina and western Brazil. Its single recognised species, Paralonchothrix ponderosus comb. nov., is represented by two hemimandibles. One of them comes from a level of Loma de Las Tapias Formation, underlying a tuff dated at 7.0 ± 0.9 Ma (Huayquerian age, late Miocene); the other specimen comes from the ‘Araucanense’ of Valle de Santa María (type locality, Huayquerian age, late Miocene). A phylogenetic analysis linked Paralonchothrix to Lonchothrix, both being the sister group to Mesomys. Thereby, for the first time, an echimyid linked to living Amazonian arboreal clades is recognised for the late Miocene of southern South America. Paralonchothrix gen. nov. thus represents an exceptional record that raises the need to review the postulated evolutionary pattern for echimyids recorded at high latitudes since the late Miocene. The new genus provides a minimum age (ca.7 Ma) in the fossil record for the divergence between Mesomys and Lonchothrix. The palaeoenvironmental conditions inferred for the late Miocene in western and northwestern Argentina suggest savanna-type environments, with areas with more closed woodlands in peri-Andean valleys. The record of Paralonchothrix gen. nov. supports the hypothesis that this area would have maintained connections with tropical biomes of northern South America during the late Miocene.

On the taxonomy of southern South American species of the wolf spider genus Allocosa (Araneae: Lycosidae: Allocosinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4216 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL SIMÓ ◽  
ARNO A. LISE ◽  
GABRIEL POMPOZZI ◽  
ÁLVARO LABORDA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Three species of the genus Allocosa Banks, 1900 from southern South America are redescribed: Allocosa alticeps (Mello-Leitão, 1944), A. brasiliensis (Petrunkevitch, 1910) and A. senex (Mello-Leitão, 1945). The female of A. senex is described for the first time and the species is revalidated. A new species, A. marindia sp. nov. from southern Uruguay and southern Brazil is described. The new species is distinguished by the flattened terminal apophysis of the male bulb and the conspicuous pointed projections on the posterior margin of the female epigynum. The species inhabits in sandy estuarine and oceanic coasts with psammophile vegetation. 

Vindication of Ulota pygmaeothecia (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA MUÑOZ-PUELLES ◽  
FRANCISCO LARA ◽  
VICENTE MAZIMPAKA ◽  
RICARDO GARILLETI
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
South American ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Ulota pygmaeothecia (Müll.Hal.) Kindb. and Ulota luteola (Hook.f. & Wilson) Wijk & Margad. are two epiphytic mosses from the evergreen Magellanic rainforests of southern South America. Both mosses have been considered as distinct species since their original description, with their specific status retained following the comprehensive review by Nicolajs Malta of South American Ulota (1927). Recently the synonymization of U. pygmaeothecia and U. luteola was proposed (Wang & Jia 2016), based mainly on the similarities stated in the protologues and the study of the available type specimens of U. pygmaeothecia and U. fulvella, as the type materials of U. luteola were lost in the mail. In the present paper, all available type material for names associated with these two taxa, together with additional specimens recently collected, have been studied in depth. As a result, it has been found that both mosses show important sporophytic and gametophytic differences, both qualitative and quantitative, that allow for a precise distinction between them and they are reinstated here as distinct species. The morphological features that best differentiate U. luteola and U. pygmaeothecia are discussed and illustrated with light microscope and SEM pictures. Finally, an updated and detailed description of each species is presented.

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