Description of the last-instar larva and pupa and the bionomics of Smicridea (Smicridea) truncata Flint (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Central Amazonia, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1732 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA MARIA OLIVEIRA PES ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
CLIMIIA CORREA SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Water Trough ◽  
Central Amazonia ◽  
Median Region ◽  
Segment Viii

The larva and pupa of Smicridea (Smicridea) truncata Flint 1974 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) are described and illustrated. Larvae of S. truncata can be distinguished by the concave line on the median region of the frontoclypeus and presence of the tubular structures, located in the dorsolateral region of abdominal segment VIII, which were not observed in any of the described larvae of S. (Smicridea). This species was collected in a small wooden water trough at the Aruanã Farm, Itacoatiara municipality, and in four streams in Presidente Figueiredo municipality in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. The larval diet was determined by stomach-content analysis; this caddisfly species feeds mainly on algae and diatoms.

scholarly journals Diet of Leptobotia elongata revealed by stomach content analysis and inferred from stable isotope signatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1965-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
Q. Wei Wei ◽  
J. Ming Wu ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Signatures

Functional morphology of the mouthparts and proventriculus of the rock crab Nectocarcinus tuberculosus (Decapoda: Portunidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Raymond Salindeho ◽  
Danielle Jane Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Brachyuran Crab ◽  
Cardiac Stomach ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Sea Grass

Mouthpart and proventriculus structure of the brachyuran crab Nectocarcinus tuberculosus was described by scanning electron microscopy and histology and characteristics indicative of dietary preferences were identified. A qualitative stomach content analysis was conducted to verify structural interpretations with respect to diet. The mouthparts and proventriculus of N. tuberculosus have features that are typical of macrophagous crabs and are consistent with a carnivorous diet of hard items. However, the mandibular arrangement indicates that N. tuberculosus is also adapted to ingest soft plant material and fleshy items, revealing that this crab is omnivorous which is consistent with its habitat of rocky shores and sea grass beds. Carnivorous features of the feeding apparatus include large crista dentata on the third maxillipeds that grip food items during ingestion and cuspidate setae on the second maxillipeds and first maxillae. Nectocarcinus tuberculosus has a complex arrangement of proventricular ossicles, 5-denticulated accessory teeth, and a spiny cardio-pyloric valve with rough, calcified protuberances. It has a robust, strongly calcified gastric mill with a prominent anterior cusp and 11 roughly surfaced vertical ridges on each lateral tooth specialized for crushing and grinding. In contrast to true carnivorous crabs, the mandibles in this species are symmetrically arranged, with two sharp cutting edges and no teeth, an arrangement adapted to cut softer plant-like materials and flesh. Structural interpretations with respect to diet were confirmed by stomach content analysis where items identified included gastropods, bivalves and the sea grass Posidonia australis. Functionally, the filtering system in the proventriculus of N. tuberculosus is complex. The cardiac stomach has a well developed ventral filtration system or ‘cardiac filter’ which comprises coarse and fine filters. Different modifications of setation between the distal and proximal regions of the inner valve of the pyloric filter are unique to this crab species, with an intersetule width 600 nm in the distal region and 80–100 nm in the proximal region. This suggests that some differentiation in filtration occurs between regions within the pyloric filter.

scholarly journals ANALISIS ISI LAMBUNG IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis) DAN IKAN MADIDIHANG (Thunnus albacares) YANG DIDARATKAN DI BITUNG, SULAWESI UTARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Siti Mardlijah
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Skipjack Tuna ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
North Sulawesi

Penelitian ini telah dilakukan terhadap isi lambung ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) hasil tangkapan pole and line dan ikan madidihang (Thunnus albacares) hasil tangkapan hand line yang didaratkan di Bitung, Sulawesi Utara pada bulan Mei, Juli, dan September 2005. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis makanan ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dan ikan madidihang (Thunnus albacares). Contoh ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) berjumlah 69 ekor dan contoh ikan madidihang (Thunnus albacares) berjumlah 63 ekor. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan di perusahaan perikanan dan tempat pengasapan atau fufu cakalang. Pengamatan dilakukan secara visual dan gravimetrik kemudian dianalisis dengan metode indeks of preponderance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi makanan ke-2 jenis ikan pelagis besar tersebut berubah-ubah dan memiliki kemiripan terhadap 1 jenis makanan yaitu ikan malalugis (Decapterus macarellus), yang merupakan makanan utama ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dan ikan madidihang (Thunnus albacares). Stomach content analysis of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) which was caught by pole and line and yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) caught by hand line, landed in Bitung, North Sulawesi i May, July, and September 2005 were conducted. The objective of the experiment is to know dietary composition of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares). The number of specimen observed 69 of skipjack tunas (Katsuwonus pelamis) and 63 of yellow fin tunas (Thunnus albacares). Sampling site were located in fishery company and at a small scale fish smoked industry. Stomach content analysis of the two fishes were observed visually measured and gravimetrically. The stomach content analysis was analysed based on indeks of preponderance) method. Result shows, the stomach content of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) related changes and similar among one species are scad mackerel fishes (Decapterus macarellus). Therefore, scad mackerel fishes (Decapterus macarellus) is the dominant food for both skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares).

First description of the larvae of the fishfly genus Anachauliodes Kimmins, 1954 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Chauliodinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4700 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
YUEZHENG TU ◽  
FUMIO HAYASHI ◽  
XINGYUE LIU
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time

Anachauliodes Kimmins, 1954 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Chauliodinae) is a fishfly genus endemic to the Oriental Region with only one recognized species, Anachauliodes laboissierei (Navás, 1913). Currently, the immature stages of this genus are completely unknown. Here we describe the larvae of A. laboissierei for the first time. The larval characters, especially the strongly developed respiratory tubes on the abdominal segment VIII, support a close relationship between Anachauliodes and the eastern Nearctic Chauliodes Latreille, 1796. 

Re-descriptions of larvae of Hoperius and Meladema and phylogenetic implications for the tribe Colymbetini (Coleoptera Dytiscidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Samantha Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Dorsal Margin ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Segment Viii

New descriptions of the larvae of <em>Meladema lanio</em> (Fabricius), <em>M</em>. <em>coriacea</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius planatus </em>Fall are provided. Characters from larval morphology are analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of the genera <em>Meladema</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius</em> Fall with other genera of the tribe Colymbetini (Colymbetinae). Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> are unique among other Colymbetini being characterized by the presence of a variable number of additional setae along the dorsal margin of both femora and tibiae. Larvae of <em>Hoperius</em> reveal to be remarkably modified and autapomorphic being characterized by a short antennomere II, the presence of a variable number of secondary setae on antennomeres I - II and maxillary palpomere, an elongate maxillary palpus, and a narrow and elongate mandible. A parsimony analysis based on 30 informative larval characters is carried out. Whereas the 12 most parsimonious trees support the placement of <em>Meladema</em> as sister to <em>Neoscutopterus</em> J. Balfour-Browne, the relative position of Hoperius remains unresolved within the Colymbetini. Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> share with those of <em>Neoscutopterus</em>: (i) the presence of additional setae both on the frontoclypeus and parietale, (ii) the presence of a large number of secondary setae on trochantera, (iii) the absence of spinulae along ventral margin of mesotibia and mesotarsus and (iv) the presence of additional setae both on abdominal segment VIII.

Larval morphology and analysis of primary chaetotaxy in the genus  Suphis Aubé, 1836 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN I. URCOLA ◽  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
CESAR J. BENETTI ◽  
GEORGINA RODRIGUEZ ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time

The three larval instars of Suphis cimicoides Aubé, 1837 are described and illustrated, including morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphus. A preliminary ground plan of primary chaetotaxy for noterid larvae is presented for the first time, based on the species described herein and examination of larvae of the genera Hydrocanthus Say, 1823 and Suphisellus Crotch, 1873. This ground plan is compared with previous systems proposed for other adephagan families. Larvae of Noteridae can be distinguished from those of other families of Hydradephaga by the following combination of characters: (1) antennomere 3 with a rugged area on distal portion; (2) abdominal segment VIII with a U-shaped wavy membranous area ventrally; (3) absence of pore FRd; and (4) presence of seta AB16. Several sensilla present in noterid larvae (notably setae TR2 and TA1 and pores PAl, PAm, COd, TRb and FEb) are absent in larvae of Meruidae. On the contrary, parietal seta PA5 is present in Meruidae but absent in Noteridae. The presence of pore COc in Noteridae may indicate that this family has retained the ancestral condition found only in Carabidae. On the other hand, the absence of setae FE7, FE8, FE9 and FE10 in Noteridae is similar to the condition found in Carabidae, Gyrinidae and Meruidae. 

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of age, growth and food habit of the black-chinned tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1852), from a closed and open lagoon, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cephas Kwesi Zuh ◽  
Seth Mensah Abobi ◽  
Benjamin Betey Campion
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Sarotherodon Melanotheron

Abstract Background The black-chinned tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron, is the most abundant fish species in the Nakwa (an open lagoon) and Brenu (a closed lagoon) in the Central Region of Ghana. Aspects of the life history characteristics and the ecology of the fish populations in both lagoons were studied to assess the bio-ecological status of this important resource. Methods Fish samples were obtained from fishermen that fish on the Nakwa and Brenu lagoons using cast, drag and gill nets. The age of the fish was assessed from otoliths analysis and its growth modelled following the von Bertalanffy growth function. Morphometric characteristics of the fish populations were analysed using power regression and ANOVA for parameters comparisons, and Student’s t test to determine whether species grew isometrically. The percentage occurrence method was used to analyse the stomach contents of the fish. Results A total of 382 fish samples from both lagoons were measured, comprising 209 from Nakwa lagoon and 176 from Brenu lagoon. The size and weight of fish samples ranged between 3.9–11.5 cm total length and 1.0–27.3 g for Nakwa Lagoon and 5.6–12.8 cm total length and 3.2–29.8 g for the Brenu Lagoon. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞ = 12.04 cm and K = 2.76/year for the Nakwa Lagoon samples and L∞ = 13.44 cm and K = 3.27/year for Brenu Lagoon samples. Daily otolith incremental rate ranged from 0.01–0.03 mm per day to 0.01–0.02 mm per day for Nakwa and Brenu lagoons, respectively. Stomach content analysis of the fish samples revealed that the species are planktivorous and the range of food varied between the lagoons. Green algae were the most prevalent food item in the stomachs of the fish samples from Nakwa with the frequency of 69% whilst diatoms (80.5%) were most prevalent phytoplanktonic food item for the fish in Brenu lagoon. Conclusions The estimates of asymptotic length for the species in both lagoons are close to known values of the species length at first sexual maturity and points to intensive fishing pressure. As a consequence, a comprehensive sample-based survey is required in both lagoons to derive estimates of management reference points. The results of the stomach content analysis are beneficial to the construction of diet matrix for ecosystem models of the two systems.

Technique for Tagging Small Fish with I131 for Evaluation of Predator–Prey Relationships

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard J. FitzGerald ◽  
Miles H. A. Keenleyside
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Cichlasoma Nigrofasciatum ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Convict Cichlids

Experiments to test the feasibility of using radioactive I131 as a technique for evaluation of conspecifïc predation on fry by adult convict cichlids (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) are described. The technique is useful for short-term quantitative studies of predator–prey interactions where it is not possible to observe and quantify predation directly or where stomach content analysis of adults is not feasible. Key words: radioactive tagging, predator–prey interactions, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum

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