Fieber’s unpublished colour plates allow reassessing some of his Cixius species (Insecta: Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4482 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
GERNOT KUNZ ◽  
WERNER E HOLZINGER ◽  
ADELINE SOULIER-PERKINS
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
The 19Th Century

Franz Xaver Fieber was a leading Hemiptera taxonomist in the 19th century. The recent discovery of his unpublished drawings that go along with the original handwritten manuscript allow a reassessment of species descriptions from this century. In addition, we present an alphabet of Fieber's handwriting. We give an overview on the Cixiidae species he had described and reassess the status of the species names Cixius brachycranus Scott, 1870, Cixius intermedius Scott, 1870, Cixius pinicola Fieber, 1876, Tachycixius venustulus (Germar, 1830) and Tachycixius distinctus (Signoret, 1865). T. venustulus and T. distinctus are regarded as valid species. The synonymy of C. pinicola with T. venustulus is invalidated and C. pinicola is placed in synonymy with T. distinctus. 

President, patron, friend and lover: Charles Montagu's significance to the history of science

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Rebekah Higgitt
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Political Career ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Summary This article examines the legacy of Charles Montagu, Lord Halifax, within the history of science. Although he was President of The Royal Society from 1695 to 1698, Montagu is best known for his political career and as a patron of the arts. As this article shows, Montagu's own scientific interests were limited and his chief significance to the history of science lies in his friendship with a later President, Isaac Newton. It is argued, firstly, that their relationship had important, though indirect, consequences for The Royal Society and, secondly, that its treatment by historians of science has been revealing of changing views of the status of science and its practitioners. Particular attention is given to the approaches of the first generation of Newtonian scholars and biographers in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Daži agrāk aktuāli akadēmiskās dzīves aspekti: venia legendi un privātdocenta statuss pasaulē un Rīgas Politehnikumā (1862–1896)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Māris Baltiņš
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Pētījumā aplūkots privātdocenta statuss, kas pasaulē tika ieviests 18. gadsimtā un, sākot no 19. gadsimta otrās puses līdz Otrā pasaules kara beigām, pastāvēja arī Latvijā. Privātdocenta statuss salīdzināts ar citu pasaules valstu, galvenokārt vācu tipa universitātēm. Jēdzienu «venia legendi» un «privātdocents» skaidrojumi ar piemēriem no Rīgas Politehnikuma (RP) mācībspēku darbības atspoguļo šos jēdzienus no dažādiem aspektiem, lai 21. gadsimtā būtu saprotams to lietojums iepriekšējos gadsimtos. Autors pētījumam izmantojis arhīvu dokumentus un bibliotēku krājumus, balstoties ne tikai Latvijas, bet arī Krievijas, Vācijas un citu valstu zinātnieku atziņās. The study examines the status of a private docent, the academic position which was introduced across the world in the 18th century and which also existed in Latvia from the second half of the 19th century until the end of World War II. The status of the private docent as it used to be understood in Latvia is compared with other countries, mainly considering German-type universities. Definition of the terms «venia legendi» and «private docent» providing examples of academic activity of the lecturers of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) allow considering these concepts from various perspectives in order to make their meaning and usage in the previous centuries transparent for the users in the 21st century. Conducting the present research, the author has used archival documents and library collections, the theoretical framework includes the findings of not only the Latvian scientists, but also researchers from Russia, Germany and other countries.

A systematic review of the fish genus Lycodapus (Zoarcidae) with descriptions of two new species

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1925-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex E. Peden ◽  
M. Eric Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
The West ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Head Pores

Six of 11 nominal species of Lycodapus, L. australis Norman, L. derjugini Andriashev, L. dermatinus Gilbert, L. fierasfer Gilbert, L. mandibularis Gilbert, and L. parviceps Gilbert, are recognized. Original descriptions and the disintegrated type do not permit adequate diagnosis of L. extensus Gilbert, which we treat as a nomen dubium. The holotype of L. microchir Schmidt must be reexamined before the status of this nominal species can be assessed. We describe L. endemoscotus n.sp. and L. pachysoma n.sp. off the west coast of North America and another population of L. pachysoma from the Antarctic. The species of Lycodapus form two natural groupings. Long gill rakers and a tendency toward fewer preoperculomandibular head pores characterize L. australis, L. derjugini, L. dermatinus, and L. fierasfer. Short gill rakers, single interorbital pore, and more preoperculomandibular pores typify the remaining species of which L. endemoscotus, L. mandibularis, L. pachysoma, and another undescribed species from the Antarctic possess broad, stout rakers. Very reduced rakers indicate L. parviceps as the most differentiated of the short-rakered species. Descriptions, spot distribution maps, synonymies, and illustrations are provided for all named valid species.

scholarly journals Rare birds in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-132
Author(s):  
Carol Inskipp ◽  
Hem Sagar Baral ◽  
Sanjib Acharya ◽  
Hathan Chaudhary ◽  
Manshanta Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
Passerine Birds ◽  
Local Resident ◽  
The Status ◽  
Grasshopper Warbler ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Bird List

This paper aimed to fulfil the knowledge gap on the status of vagrants and rare birds of Nepal. Records of all Nepal’s bird species that were previously considered vagrants by the National Red List of Nepal’s Birds (2016) were collated and detailed with localities, dates and observers. Species recorded since 2016, including vagrant species, were also covered. A total of 92 species was assessed to determine if they were vagrants, that is species that had a total of 10 or less records. It was concluded that six species are no longer vagrant and we recommend these for national red list assessment. Nepal currently has a total of 71 vagrant species. In addition, four vagrant species have still to be accepted by the Nepal Rare Birds Committee before they can be officially included on the Nepal bird list. Nine species have so far only been recorded in the 19th century. Red-faced liocichla Liocichla phoenicea, was previously one of these, but was re-found In Nepal after the National Red List was published in 2016; it is a very rare and very local resident. Himalayan grasshopper-warbler Locustella kashmirensis is a recent split and now considered a full species (instead of a subspecies); it is probably an altitudinal migrant in Nepal. Despite great advances in our ornithological knowledge of Nepal, there is still high potential to find new species, especially of passerine birds and in the less explored parts of the country.

scholarly journals A taxonomic revision of geoemydid turtles from Siwalik-age of India and Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella C. Garbin ◽  
Saswati Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Walter G. Joyce
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Osteological Characters

Neogene (Siwalik-aged) deposits from India and Pakistan have yielded many vertebrate fossils, of which most were named during the 19th century, including numerous geoemydid turtles. In contrast to many other faunal components from the Siwaliks, geoemydids have not undergone taxonomic revision for more than a century and most fossils have therefore been believed to correspond to recent taxa. In this study, we conduct a taxonomic revision of all previously described geoemydid material from the Siwalik-age. We propose that all specimens of ‘Clemmys’ from the Siwaliks of Punjab, Pakistan should be identified as Melanochelys sivalensis comb. nov.; that Melanochelys tricarinata var. sivalensis represents a valid species, for which we propose the replacement name Melanochelys tapani to avoid homonymy; that specimens originally identified as Batagur cautleyi and Pangshura flaviventer cannot be identified beyond the generic level; and that many fragmentary palatochelydians cannot be identified to any particular species or genus due to the lack of preserved diagnostic osteological characters. With a few exceptions, the Siwalik fauna mostly corresponds in its distribution to that of the recent fauna, indicating a certain amount of geographic stasis. However, as the stratigraphic provenance of most material is poor, it is not possible to discern meaningful temporal patterns.

scholarly journals THE DESCENT OF WOMEN TO THE POWER OF DOMESTICITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Sandrine Bergès
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Women's Power ◽  
Cult Of Domesticity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Status Of Women

Is the virtue of domesticity a way for women to access civic power or is it a slippery slope to dependence and female subservience? Here I look at a number of philosophical responses to domesticity and trace a historical path from Aristotle to the 19th century Cult of Domesticity. Central to the Cult was the idea that women’s power was better used in the home, keeping everybody safe, alive, and virtuous. While this attitude seems to us very conservative, I want to argue that it has its roots in the republican thought of eighteenth-century France. I will show how the status of women before the French Revolutions did not allow even for power exercised in the home, and how the advent of republican ideals in France offered women non-negligible power despite their not having a right to vote.

scholarly journals Chanter au singulier : esthétiques et politiques de la voix romantique

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wojda
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Bourgeois Society ◽  
System Characteristic ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Voice

<p>The article proposes a reflection concerning the connections between the voice representations or vocal practices, worked out towards the end of the Enlightenment period and in the first decades of the 19th century in the French cultural area, and the birth of the socio-economic system characteristic of the bourgeois society. The paper focuses, in particular, on political presuppositions – in the Aristotelian sense of the word « political » – on which all the uses of voice, both spoken and sung, are based. The objective of the study is to understand the status of voice and singing in the process of creation of a modern anthropology.</p>

ON THE SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE VARIANTS OF THE SERBO-CROATIAN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-116
Author(s):  
Maria A. Egorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Free Communication ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The issue of the status of languages that emerged on the basis of the Serbo-Croatian language after the collapse of Yugoslavia remains relevant until now. The standard Serbo-Croatian language arose in the 19th century as a common language of Serbs, Croats, Bosnians and Montenegrins and existed in two main variants, “western” and “eastern”, from the very outset. These variants were close enough to maintain free communication, and at the same time, each variant had symbolic significance as a marker of the corresponding ethnic group. This article provides an outline of the history of the Serbo-Croatian language from its origin to the collapse of Yugoslavia in the light of two social functions of the language, communicative (language as a means of exchanging information) and symbolic (language as a symbol of national identity).

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