Two new species of Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from a karstic archipelago in the Salween Basin of southern Myanmar (Burma)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4718 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
MARTA S. GRISMER ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Habitat Islands ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Group Species

An integrative taxonomic analysis of the 10 species of the Cyrtodactylus sinyineensis group based on squamation, color pattern, and the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) and its flanking tRNA regions, recovered the newly discovered populations from Datt Kyaik and Taung Wine Hills in Kayin State as the new species Cyrtodactylus dattkyaikensis sp. nov. and C. taungwineensis sp. nov. The Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic estimates supported C. dattkyaikensis sp. nov. as the sister species of C. bayinnyiensis and C. taungwineensis sp. nov. as the sister species of C. sinyineensis. Each new species is differentially diagnosable from all other C. sinyineensis group species based on their morphological placement in multivariate space and several statistically significant mean differences is meristic squamation and color pattern data. The C. sinyineensis group ranges across an archipelago of karstic habitat-islands in the Salween Basin of southern Myanmar. The discovery of these new species continues to underscore the unprecedented high degree of diversity and site-specific endemism in this relatively small region and the urgent need for the conservation of its karstic terranes. 

scholarly journals A new cryptic arboreal species of the Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus group (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the uplands of western Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 723-746
Author(s):  
L. Lee Grismer ◽  
Chatmongkon Suwannapoom ◽  
Parinya Pawangkhanant ◽  
Roman A. Nazarov ◽  
Platon V. Yushchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
A New Species

The first integrative taxonomic analysis of the Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus group of Southeast Asia recovered two newly discovered populations from the Tenasserim Mountains in Suan Phueng District, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand as a new species described here as C. rukhadeva sp. nov. Based on 1397 base pairs of the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2), C. rukhadeva sp. nov. is the well-supported sister species to a clade containing three undescribed species, C. ngati, and C. cf. interdigitalis with a large uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence from other species in the brevipalmatus group ranging from 15.4–22.1%. Cyrtodactylus elok and C. brevipalmatus are recovered as poorly supported sister species and the well-supported sister lineage to the remainder of the brevipalmatus group. Cyrtodactylus rukhadeva sp. nov. is putatively diagnosable on the basis of a number of meristic characters and easily separated from the remaining species of the brevipalmatus group by a number of discrete morphological characters as well as its statistically significant wide separation in multivariate morphospace. The discovery of C. rukhadeva sp. nov. continues to underscore the unrealized herpetological diversity in the upland forests of the Tenasserim Mountains and that additional field work will undoubtedly result in the discovery of additional new species.

A new species of Cyrtodactylus Gray (Squamata; Gekkonidae) from the Thai Highlands with a discussion on the evolution of habitat preference

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4852 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-427
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
ATTAPOL RUJIRAWAN ◽  
KORKHWAN TERMPRAYOON ◽  
NATEE AMPAI ◽  
SIRIPORN YODTHONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Habitat Generalist ◽  
Clade 1

A new gekkonid lizard, Cyrtodactylus maelanoi sp. nov., from Mae Hong Son Province of the Thai Highlands is described using an integrative taxonomic analysis based on morphology, color pattern, and the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) and its flanking tRNAs. Phylogenetic analyses place the new species within clade 1 of the C. sinyineensis group and as the sister species to C. inthanon with an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of 3.9%. Collection data gathered in the field indicate that C. maelanoi sp. nov. is a habitat generalist. Reconstruction of the ancestral habitat preference for the C. sinyineensis group by way of stochasitc character mapping (SCM) indicates that karstic environments were the ancestral condition out of which the general habitat preference of the ancestor of C. maelanoi sp. nov. and C. inthanon and that of C. amphipetreaus and C. doisuthep evolved three times independently. Additionally, SCM demonstrated that the evolution of a granitic habitat preference from a karst-adapted ancestor happened in C. aequalis. The discovery of a new upland species in the Thai Highlands brings into focus the understudied nature of the mountain systems of western Thailand and the need for their continued exploration and conservation. 

A new species Cyrtodactytlus Gray (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from western Thailand and the phylogenetic placement of C. inthanon and C. doisuthep

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4838 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-209
Author(s):  
SIRIWADEE CHOMDEJ ◽  
CHATMONGKON SUWANNAPOOM ◽  
PARINYA PAWANGKHANANT ◽  
WARANEE PRADIT ◽  
ROMAN A. NAZAROV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Tak Province ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Cyrtodactylus from Tak Province, Thailand, Cyrtodactylus amphipetraeus sp. nov., is described using an integrative taxonomic analysis based on morphology, color pattern, and the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2). The phylogenetic analyses place the new species within the C. sinyineensis group which was previously thought to be endemic to the Salween Basin in southern Myanmar. The phylogeny also places C. inthanon in the C. sinyneensis group which is expanded herein to also include the group’s sister species C. doisuthep. Along with C. amphipetraeus sp. nov., these are the first three species of the C. sinyineensis group to be found outside of Myanmar east of the Tenasserim Mountains. The Tenasserim Mountain region is discussed as an area of cladogeneic turnover. 

A re-description of Cyrtodactylus chrysopylos Bauer (Squamata: Gekkonidae) with comments on the adaptive significance of orange coloration in hatchlings and descriptions of two new species from eastern Myanmar (Burma)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4527 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L., JR. WOOD ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
NAY MYO WIN ◽  
MARTA S. GRISMER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Bright Orange ◽  
Cave Population ◽  
Intraspecific Communication ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
The Village

The karstic foothills and hilly western edge of the Shan Plateau of eastern Myanmar continue to be sources of discovery for new species of the gekkonid genus Cyrtodactylus. Two new karst-associated species within this unique landscape from Mandalay Region—C. aunglini sp. nov. from the Kyauk Nagar Cave and C. myaleiktaung sp. nov. from Mya Leik Taung Mountain—are described on the basis of color pattern, morphology, and genetics. A molecular phylogeny of the C. gansi group (defined herein) based on 1481 base pairs of the mitochondrial gene ND2 and its flanking tRNAs place C. aunglini sp. nov. as the sister species to C. gansi and C. myaleiktaung sp. nov. as the sister species of C. chrysopylos. A new population of C. chrysopylos from a boulder-strewn, karstic ridge near the village of Yane, Shan State at an elevation 951 m is reported here. Genetic and geographic variation as well as differences in natural history between it and the lowland cave population of C. chrysopylos from the type locality in the Panlaung-Pyadalin Cave Wildlife Sanctuary, Shan State at 303 m are discussed. Hatchlings of the new population from Yane are nearly uniformly bright-orange in color. We provide evidence in support of a hypothesis claiming this color functions as a mechanism for crypsis during low levels of illumination and is not involved in intraspecific communication. 

scholarly journals A phylogenetic taxonomy of the Cyrtodactylus peguensis group (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of two new species from Myanmar

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5575 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lee Grismer ◽  
Perry L. Wood ◽  
Evan S.H. Quah ◽  
Matthew L. Murdoch ◽  
Marta S. Grismer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Molecular Systematic ◽  
Phylogenetic Taxonomy ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Two New Species

A phylogenetic taxonomy of species in the Cyrtodactylus peguensis group from the Ayeyarwady Basin of Myanmar is constructed based on color pattern, morphology, and molecular systematic analyses using the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2. Newly collected samples from the type locality of C. peguensis and other localities indicate that this clade is endemic to central Myanmar and contains at least seven species, four of which are undescribed. Three species, including C. peguensis occur in the low hills of the Bago Yoma Range within the central portion of the Ayeyarwady Basin. Two of these, C. myintkyawthurai sp. nov. from the northern and central Bago Yoma and C. meersi sp. nov. which is syntopic with C. peguensis in the southern Bago Yoma are described herein. As more lowland hilly areas bordering, and within the Ayeyarwady Basin are surveyed, more new species of this group are likely to be discovered. These discoveries continue the recent surge of descriptions of new species of Cyrtodactylus that are being discovered in Myanmar.

Four new Burmese species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from distantly related parapatric clades from the Shan Plateau and Salween Basin

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4758 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
JAMIE R. OAKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The South ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Northwestern Thailand

An integrative taxonomic analysis based on morphology, color pattern, and the mitochondrial gene ND2 recovered four new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker that are endemic to the Shan Plateau or Salween Basin in eastern Myanmar. Hemiphyllodactylus ngwelwini sp. nov. from the Shan Plateau is part of the earlier described “eastern Myanmar clade” renamed herein as the north lineage and H. kyaiktiyoensis sp. nov. and H. pinlaungensis sp. nov. of the Shan Plateau and H. zwegabinensis sp. nov. of the Salween Basin compose an entirely new Burmese clade herein referred to as the south lineage. Although the north and south lineages come within 46 km of one another on the Shan Plateau, they are not sister lineages but sequentially separated by two lineages from Yunnan, China and another from northwestern Thailand. Hemiphyllodactylus zwegabinensis sp. nov. is the first species of this genus to be recorded from the Salween Basin and is known only from a wind-blown cloud forest on the top of the insular, karstic mountain Zwegabin in Kayin State. All other Burmese species except for H. typus, are endemic to the various localities throughout the Shan Plateau. These four new species bring the total number of Hemiphyllodactylus in Myanmar to at least 10 which is certainly an extreme underestimate of the diversity of this genus given that we discover new species at every upland locality we survey. 

scholarly journals A new species of Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the rio Uruguai basin, southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Ferrer ◽  
Laura M. Donin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Unique Color ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
Genetic Sequences ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT A new species of Ituglanis associated to the grasslands of the Pampa biome is described from the rio Uruguai basin, southern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the low number of ribs and by a unique color pattern composed of an outer layer with scattered round black blotches equivalent in size to the eye circumference over a reddish brown background on the lateral surface of the body. We provide the genetic sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c Oxydase subunit I (COI) for three of the paratypes and discuss aspects about the recent discovery of the new species.

scholarly journals Hidden tribe: A new species of Stream Toad of the genus Ansonia Stoliczka, 1870 (Anura: Bufonidae) from the poorly explored mountainous borderlands of western Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 763-779
Author(s):  
Chatmongkon Suwannapoom ◽  
L. Lee Grismer ◽  
Parinya Pawangkhanant ◽  
Mali Naiduangchan ◽  
Platon V. Yushchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Abstract The integrated results of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses confirmed the new species status of a recently discovered population of Ansonia from Suan Phueng District, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Ansonia karensp. nov. is separated from all other species of Ansonia by a unique combination of mensural, discrete morphological, and color pattern characteristics and is the sister species of A. thinthinae from Tanintharyi Division, Myanmar. This discovery fills a geographic hiatus of 350 km between it and A. kraensis from Ranong Province, Thailand. Ansonia karensp. nov. is the newest member of a long list of range-restricted endemics having been recently discovered in the northern Tenasserim Mountain region of western Thailand and continues to underscore the unexplored nature of this region and its need for conservation.

Molecular phylogenetics, PCA, and MFA recover a new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from an isolated sandstone massif in northwestern Cambodia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4949 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-288
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PETER GEISSLER ◽  
THY NEANG ◽  
TIMO HARTMANN ◽  
PHILIPP WAGNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Habitat Island

The integrated results of maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses, principal component analyses (PCA), and a multiple factor analysis (MFA) recover a new, widely allopatric species of the Cyrtodactylus intermedius species group. Cyrtodactylus kulenensis sp. nov is endemic to the Phnom Kulen sandstone massif of the Phnom Kulen National Park, Siem Reap Province, in the lowlands of northwestern Cambodia. A phylogenetic analysis from a short read (275 base pairs) of the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) from C. kulenensis sp. nov. was aligned with 1449 base pairs from all other species in the intermedius group.  The analysis recovered C. kulenensis sp. nov. as the sister species to a lineage composed of populations from the widely separated hilly regions of Sa Keao and Sakaerat in eastern Thailand. Multivariate (PCA, DAPC, and MFA) and univariate analyses (ANOVA) using combinations of meristic (scale counts), mensural (morphometric), and categorical (color pattern and morphology) characters from 52 specimens encompassing all species of the intermedius group clearly demonstrate C. kulenensis sp. nov. is significantly different and discretely diagnosable from all other species in the intermedius group. This new discovery further highlights the herpetological diversity and high levels of range-restricted endemism in basin-habitat-island landscapes throughout Indochina and the continued need for field work in the landscapes that remain unsurveyed. 

A new species of Bent-toed Gecko (Squamata, Gekkonidae, Cyrtodactylus) from the Shan Plateau in eastern Myanmar (Burma)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4624 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
JAMIE R. OAKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Pairwise Sequence Divergence ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Karst Habitats

An integrative taxonomic analysis of the Cyrtodactylus linnwayensis group of the Shan Plateau recovered two new populations from isolated karst habitats near Pinlaung Town, Shan State as a new species, C. pinlaungensis sp. nov. Cyrtodactylus pinlaungensis sp. nov. is most closely related to a clade comprising C. linnwayensis and C. ywanganensis from the western edge of the Shan Plateau approximately 90 km to the northwest. Cyrtodactylus pinlaungensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from all members of the C. linnwayensis group by a number of statistically different morphological characters, discrete color pattern differences, and its heavy tuberculation. It also bears an uncorrected pairwise sequence divergence of 5.0–7.6% from all other species combined based on the mitochondrial gene ND2 and its flanking tRNAs. The discovery of this new species on the Shan Plateau continues to underscore the fact that this region is rapidly emerging as a herpetological diversity hot-spot for Myanmar. 

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