Multiple records and polymorphism of Parastichopus regalis (Cuvier, 1817) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) along the Algerian coast

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5032 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-562
Author(s):  
IHCENE KHODJA ◽  
KARIM MEZALI ◽  
AHMED S. THANDAR
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disk Diameter ◽  
The Family ◽  
Algerian Coast

The family Stichopodidae is represented in the Mediterranean Sea by the genus Parastichopus which includes two non-endemic species; Parastichopus tremulus (Gunnerus, 1767) and Parastichopus regalis (Cuvier, 1817). On the Algerian coast (southwestern Mediterranean Sea), two morphotypes of P. regalis were observed, one with dark spots on the dorsal surface and the other non-spotted. In total, 65 individuals of P. regalis were recorded from 22 stations along the Algerian coast during an oceanographic campaign. Twelve individuals (6 of each morphotype) were used for a comparative study of the morphological (including endoskeletal) characteristics. Table ossicles, the only ossicles of the body wall of the two morphotypes of P. regalis, are here compared with regard to the disk diameter of the tables and the total area of the surface of the disc. Statistical analysis did not show any significant differences between the spotted and the non-spotted morphotypes.  

Mediolateral somitic origin of ribs and dermis determined by quail-chick chimeras

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (21) ◽  
pp. 4611-4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Olivera-Martinez ◽  
M. Coltey ◽  
D. Dhouailly ◽  
O. Pourquie
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Lateral Compartment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Respective Contribution ◽  
Epaxial Muscles

Somites are transient mesodermal structures giving rise to all skeletal muscles of the body, the axial skeleton and the dermis of the back. Somites arise from successive segmentation of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). They appear first as epithelial spheres that rapidly differentiate into a ventral mesenchyme, the sclerotome, and a dorsal epithelial dermomyotome. The sclerotome gives rise to vertebrae and ribs while the dermomyotome is the source of all skeletal muscles and the dorsal dermis. Quail-chick fate mapping and diI-labeling experiments have demonstrated that the epithelial somite can be further subdivided into a medial and a lateral moiety. These two subdomains are derived from different regions of the primitive streak and give rise to different sets of muscles. The lateral somitic cells migrate to form the musculature of the limbs and body wall, known as the hypaxial muscles, while the medial somite gives rise to the vertebrae and the associated epaxial muscles. The respective contribution of the medial and lateral somitic compartments to the other somitic derivatives, namely the dermis and the ribs has not been addressed and therefore remains unknown. We have created quail-chick chimeras of either the medial or lateral part of the PSM to examine the origin of the dorsal dermis and the ribs. We demonstrate that the whole dorsal dermis and the proximal ribs exclusively originates from the medial somitic compartment, whereas the distal ribs derive from the lateral compartment.

A new genus and species of Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Sclerothyoninae) from the Pacific coast of Panama, and assignment of Neopentamera anexigua to Sclerothyoninae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4429 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
LUCIANA MARTINS ◽  
MARCOS TAVARES
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Calcareous Ring

Paulayellus gustavi, a new sclerodactylid genus and species, is described from the Pacific coast of Panama. The new genus and species is assigned to the subfamily Sclerothyoninae based on a suite of characters, which include the radial and interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only. Paulayellus gen. nov. differs from the other Sclerothyoninae genera in having posterior processesof radial plates undivided. Additionally, differs from Sclerothyone, Thandarum and Neopentamera in having knobbed buttons, plates and cups in the body wall (whereas the body wall is furnished only with tables and plates in Sclerothyone, Temparena and Thandarum, and only with knobbed buttons and plates in Neopentamera). The new genus is, so far, monotypic. The also monotypic genus Neopentamera proved to have the radial and the interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only, as typically found in the Sclerothyoninae, and is therefore transferred to that subfamily. The discovery of a new genus in the Sclerothyoninae and the transfer of Neopentamera required the amendation of the diagnosis for the subfamily. A key to the Sclerothyoninae is given. 

Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Ghanmi ◽  
David González-Solís ◽  
Lamia Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Mullus Barbatus ◽  
The Family

Abstract Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.

Memoirs: The Development of the Serpiilid Pomatoeeros Triqueter L

1941 ◽  
Vol s2-82 (327) ◽  
pp. 467-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. SEGROVE
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Locomotor Apparatus ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Branchial Crown

1. The larvae of Pomatoceros triqueter L. were obtained by artificial fertilization and reared through metamorphosis and for several months afterwards. Larval development took three weeks in summer, and about the same time in winter when the temperature was maintained at 65° F. 2. The eggs are small and give rise to typical trochosphere larvae with well-developed prototroch, metatroch, neurotroch, and feeding cilia, a spacious blastocoelic body-cavity and paired protonephridia. A head-vesicle and a conspicuous anal vesicle are also present. The right eye develops before the left. The larva is very active and grows rapidly at the expense of collected food material. 3. Three setigerous segments arise simultaneously; a fourth is added prior to metamorphosis. The lateral collar-folds develop in two capacious pockets which arise by invagination of the body-wall behind the metatroch, the ventral collar-fold by outgrowth of the ventral body-wall. The rudiments of the thoracic membrane appear above the lateral collar-folds. 4. Metamorphosis commences with the shrinkage of the locomotor apparatus, which leads to the exposure of the lateral collar-folds. The larva settles to the bottom and creeps about on its ventral surface by means of the neurotroch. The branchial crown arises as tripartite outgrowths on the sides of the head. The remaining tissues of the head, apart from the cerebral ganglion and eyes, are gradually resorbed. No tissue is thrown off. 5. The neurotroch gradually disappears and is replaced by cilia on the dorsal surface. The worm begins to secrete a calcareous tube. The resorption of the head is completed and the mouth assumes a terminal position surrounded by the branchial crown. 6. A fourth pair of filaments is added to the branchial crown. The dorsal pair of filaments develops into 'palps'. The third filament on the left side is modified as the operculum; the remaining filaments develop pinnules. 7. Further segments are added to the trunk. Those first added are of the thoracic type from the beginning. The eighth and succeeding setigers are of the abdominal type. The thoracic membrane gradually extends backwards to the posterior end of the thorax. 8. The thoracic nephridia arise as a single pair of cells which give rise to the dorsal unpaired duct by outgrowth. 9. The influence of the egg on the course of development is discussed. It is suggested: (a) that the small size of the egg is responsible for the active habits and protracted pelagic life of the larva; (b) that the mode of development of the collar is significant in that interference with the locomotor and feeding apparatus is thereby avoided; (c) that the general shrinkage which occurs at metamorphosis is related to a suspension of feeding activity in the period between the degeneration of the larval and the establishment of the adult feeding apparatus. 10. The development of Pomatoceros is compared with that of the Serpulid Psygmobranchus and the Sabeilid Branchiomma.

Memoirs: On the Reproductive Processes of the Earthworm, Lumbricus Terrestris

1925 ◽  
Vol s2-69 (274) ◽  
pp. 245-290
Author(s):  
A. J. GROVE
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
Longitudinal Muscles ◽  
Earthworm Lumbricus

During the sexual congress of L.terrestris, the co-operating worms become attached to one another in a head-to-tail position in such a way that segments 9-11 of one are opposed to the clitellum of the other, and vice versa. At these points the attachment between the worms is an intimate one, assisted by the secretion of the glands associated with the diverticula of the setal pores found in certain segments, and is reinforced by the mutual penetration of the setae into the opposed body-surfaces. There is also a slighter attachment between segment 26 of one and 15 of the other. Each worm is enclosed in a slime-tube composed of mucus secreted from the epidermis. The exchange of seminal fluid is a mutual one. The fluid issues from the apertures of the vasa deferentia in segment 15, and is conducted beneath the slime-tube in pit-like depressions in the seminal grooves, which extend from segment 15 to the clitellum on each side of the body, to the clitellum, where it accumulates in the space between the lateral surfaces of segments 9-11 of one worm and the clitellum of the other. Eventually it becomes aggregated into masses in the groove between segments 9 and 10, and 10 and 11, and passes thence into the spermathecae. The seminal groove and its pit-like depressions are brought into existence by special muscles lying in the lateral blocks of longitudinal muscles of the body-wall.

scholarly journals Cervico-pectoral Ectopia Cordis in Two Holstein Calves

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hiraga ◽  
M. Abe ◽  
K. Iwasa ◽  
K. Takehana ◽  
A. Tanigaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urogenital System ◽  
Ectopia Cordis ◽  
Thoracic Inlet ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Common Pathogenesis ◽  
Fetal Stage

Two Holstein calves affected with cervico-pectoral ectopia cordis, a male (No. 1) delivered stillborn and a female (No. 2) died 1 hour after birth, were examined macroscopically and radiographically to assess the severity and elucidate the teratogenesis of the anomaly. The heart of one calf was covered by the intact pericardium and skin and displaced to the caudalmost portion of the ventrocervical region, just cranial to an enlarged thoracic inlet. The cranial vena cava and the vena azygos were duplicated. The sternum was bilaterally divided into two parts fused only at the xyphoid process and was semicircular. The heart of the other calf, covered solely by the pericardium, was exposed ventrally from an oval opening in the body wall just cranial to a defective Y-shaped sternum. In both calves, the arterial branching pattern from the aortic arch was intermediate between the patterns of the dog and pig, and in each case a single pulmonary vein emptied into the left atrium. Pronounced or slight torticollis, cleft palate, and abnormalities in the urogenital system were also found. From an embryological perspective, cervical and pectoral ectopia cordis have a common pathogenesis; the cervical type occurs at a slightly earlier fetal stage than the pectoral type.

Buxtonella sulcata Jameson, 1926 (Protozoa, Ciliata): Cysts and Cyst Formation

Parasitology ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elery R. Becker ◽  
T. S. Hsiung
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Formation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dorsal Ridge ◽  
Buxtonella Sulcata

Jameson (1926) has described from the caeca of cattle a ciliate belonging to the family Isotrichidae to which he has given the name Buxtonella sulcata. The most prominent character of this ciliate is a dorsal ridge running in a wide sweeping curve from one end of the body to the other with a groove running down the middle. Other characters of importance are a peculiar indentation near the mouth and the not uncommon occurrence of the macronucleus in two separate rounded portions. Roundish oval cysts of this ciliate, 80 to 100 microns in length by 60 to 80 microns in width, were also found by him.

scholarly journals The Blood-system in the Serpulimorpha (Annelida, Polychaeta)

1950 ◽  
Vol s3-91 (16) ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
JEAN HANSON
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Blood System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Vessel ◽  
The Family ◽  
Body Wall Musculature

1. The blood-system in sabellids of the following genera is described: Sabella, Potamilla, Branchiomma, Dasychone, Amphiglena, Fabricia, Jasmineira, Dialychone, and Myxicola. 2. The central blood-system of Sabella is typical of the family, but the peripheral blood-system is variable. 3. The dorsal vessel lacks the valve and muscular sphincter found in some serpulids. 4. Lateral vessels are present only in Sabella and Dasychone. 5. The differences and similarities between sabellid and serpulid blood-systems are discussed. Special attention is given to the functions of sub-epidermal and coelomic capillaries and the blood-supply of the body-wall musculature.

1. On the Structure of the Body-wall in the Spionidæ

1878 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
W. C. M'Intosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Middle Line ◽  
Structural Examination ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rounded Form ◽  
Basement Layer ◽  
External Form ◽  
Complex Manner

In regard to external form, Nerine foliosa, Sars, is generally taken as the type of the family, and therefore it may be selected for structural examination in the first instance. Anteriorly the pointed snout is completed by the intricate interlacing of the muscular fibres beneath specially thickened cuticular and hypodermic layers. As soon as the body-wall assumes a rounded form, a layer of circular and oblique muscular fibres occurs beneath the hypoderm, the majority having the latter (i.e., the oblique) direction. In the centre of the area the oesophagus is suspended by strong muscular bundles (the most conspicuous of which are vertical) passing from the hypodermic basement-layer in the middle line superiorly to be attached to the œsophagal wall. A second series, as they descend to their insertion at the ventral surface, give lateral support to the tube; while a third group interlace in a complex manner, and, with the blood-vessels, fill up the space between the œsophagus and the wall of the body.

A contribution to the genus Lomelosia (Caprifoliaceae: Dipsacoideae) in Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 385 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
MASSOUD RANJBAR ◽  
ZAHRA RANJBAR
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Mediterranean

The genus Lomelosia Rafinesque (1836: 95) belongs to the family Caprifoliaceae (Dipsacales) and includes over 50 perennial and annual species diffused around the Mediterranean Sea, with the greatest diversity concentrated in the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, and outliers reaching China and Japan. Lomelosia can be distinguished from the other related genera by the presence of eight pits on the epicalyx tube (De Castro & Caputo 2001).

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