The modified transmanubrial approach in thyroid malignant tumors: an optimal and less invasive surgical option.

- We retrospectively evaluated a large series of patients (n: 15) underwent a modified transmanubrial approach for wide mediastinal resection in case of malignance thyroid mass - In fourteen cases, also with thyroid tumor involving the middle line. A bilateral mTMA was necessary to perform a cava vein resection. - No major postoperative and cutaneous/sternum complications were detected. - mTMA allows an optimal exposure of the upper thoracic inlet achieving a complete radical oncological resection of the tumor/lymph-node and a safety vascular/tracheal control. - As a limitation, the modified mTMA is anatomically more demanding and not familiar for most surgeons in comparison to sternotomy

The Middle Line of Truth: Religious and Secular Ideologies in the Making of Brazilian Evangelical Thought, 1870–1930

This article examines the ways in which Protestant ministers, laypeople and foreign missionaries mediated between religious and secular ideologies in Brazil and took part in international theological debates. It concentrates on a group of church pastors and lay writers based in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro who produced and circulated Christian literature widely across evangelical networks. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Protestants engaged with both the local reverberations of the Catholic revival, with its impact on the hierarchy and devotional practices of the Brazilian Church, and the secularist leanings of the Brazilian intelligentsia. Focusing on a variety of high- and low-level publications, including periodicals, tracts, theological compendia, religious controversies and sermons, the article examines how Brazilian evangelicals appropriated Protestant theology and channeled its concepts and ideas into local arguments.

Integrasi Pendidikan Islam dan Sains Perspiktif Amin Abdullah

This article contains the concepts of integrating Islamic education and science in the world of education today in order to reduce a conflict between general science and religious knowledge in Indonesian education institutions. Currently the phenomenon of you being religious, many feel dissatisfied with the modern era that was happening so that there are still many religious people who openly reject modernity and miss the Islamic world that once triumphed in the past then applied in the current era with the aim of improving the problems that occur today. Besides that, there are also modernists who reject the existence of religion in the public sphere because religion has a dogmatic and closed mindset. Apart from that, Amin Abdullah was one of the figures who are trying to take a middle line to bring together scientists and clergy by using the idea of ​​integration-interconnection as foundation in carrying out reforms in the world of education

Theoretical research of the technology of finishing cylinders with antifriction materials

The article analyzes the research aimed at the use of various materials, additives and additives to oils. It is established that their application is mainly limited to the stages of operation, bench and operational running-in. The use of antifriction materials at the stage of processing the parts of internal combustion engines, limiting the resource, is small, despite the fact that such treatment reduces the running-in time and improves the finish of the friction surfaces. Theoretical calculation of the parameters of the working surface of the engine cylinder liner during their finishing using special antifriction materials showed a 2-fold increase in the bearing surface (from 0.2 to 0.4 of the nominal surface area at the level of the middle line of the profile) and a roughness of 0.27 μm, which is close to the values after the bench run-in. This proves the possibility of using this treatment in order to reduce the time of preparation of CNG and improve the characteristics of the surfaces to be worked. It is established that the finishing of engine cylinder liners with antifriction materials should be carried out at the contact pressure of the working tool (brass bars) on the surface of the sleeve 3 MPa, the speed of the working tool 5.5 m/s, the processing time of the sleeve 20 min. Finishing of sleeves with use of compositions TSK-B100 + SURM-KV, SURM-UO and RVS allows to reduce mechanical losses on friction in TsPG by 5-19% at the beginning of process of running in after processing in comparison with mechanical losses at the end of cold running in without finishing sleeves; to obtain the roughness parameters after finishing the same as after cold running in without additional processing of the sleeves; increase the bearing surface by 2 - 2.5 times (from 0.2 - 0.25 to 0.4 - 0.5 of the nominal surface area at the level of the middle line of the profile), which confirms the calculated data. The final treatment of sleeves with compositions based on antifriction materials TSK-B100 + SURM-KV, SURM-UO and RVS allows to provide values of parameters of a working surface of sleeves (reduction of roughness, increase of a basic surface) approaching their values after cold running in, therefore allows to increase contact loadings. in the connection "sleeve - piston ring" after this treatment and reduce the time of the bench run-in (to the values required for the attachment of other engine connections).

"I am either all the way there or I am not. I don't know how to walk this middle line" (Skorczewski 109). The Impact of Manic and Depressive States on Anne Sexton's Poetic Depictions of Food.

This research explores poet Anne Sexton’s use of food imagery in To Bedlam and Part Way Back, focusing on the way food is presented in contextual relation to the manic-depressive cycles Sexton was experiencing. This is placed within the socio-political climate of the 1950s-1960s which influences Sexton’s relationship with food.

V. V. Tipyakov. - A case of a hernia of a pregnant uterus; gluttony; safe end of pregnancy .— (Medical Review, 1895, No. 17, p. 409).

Primigravid 23 years (5th month of pregnancy). Along the middle line of the abdominal wall, 4 fingers below the navel, annular, covered with integuments, a hole with a diameter of 8-9 cm. The uterus that had fallen into the ring did not adjust and showed signs of incipient infringement. Pains in the abdomen and back of a forced character appeared. During the womb, the uterus was repositioned, and the hernial ring was sutured. Pregnancy ended at the time of the birth of a living baby. The hernia did not return.

Lennander. — Myom des Uteruskörpers mit Trennung des Cervix vom Körper. (Centralbl. F. Gynaek., 1895, No. 6)

Virgo intacta, 49 years old, in the climacteric period. For the first time, she covered up a tumor in herself, when she was 35 years old. The tumor occupies mainly the left half of the abdomen, reaching along the nipple line to the ribs, along the middle line up to 8 cm. above the navel. The probe is inserted into the canal of the uterus only 4 cm. Excessively with the removal of the tumor, uterus and appendages (the patient died of peritonitis, as a result of a peritiflytic abscess).

Experimental research on the origin of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations

Fusion of intestines and omentum after surgery, mainly with an abdominal wound, is a frequent phenomenon, proven by a number of clinical observations during repeated operations in the same subjects. Meanwhile, the question of the reasons for such a phenomenon, despite attempts to experimentally resolve it (Snger, Dembowski, Kelterborn), remains open to this day. According to the opinion of the last mentioned authors, the main cause of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations is infection, the accretion of the omentum to the middle line is caused by the release of air and the local inflammatory process; further - sloughing of the epithelium and scars of the peritoneum in uncomplicated cases do not give adhesions, ligatures in the abdominal cavity for the most part also do not cause adhesions, but show a tendency to encapsulate.

Normative data on transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential from the tongue

Our aim was to determine parameters of motor evoked potential (MEP) from the tongue in healthy persons.Methods. 25 healthy individuals (average age 22.4 ± 6.2 years, range 18–41 years, 12 females & 13 males) were enrolled. All underwent diagnostic TMS, single-pulse protocol, 90-sm round coil, Neiro-MS-D device. Coil was placed on Fz point, registration was performed by the surface electrode on the middle line of the tongue.Results. MEP was registered in all cases, its average latency was 7.14 ± 0.63 ms, average amplitude — 1.79 ± 1.09 μV. There were no gender & age differences.Conclusion. In healthy people aged 18–41 years MEP from the tongue may be registered in 100% of the cases; its average latency is 7.14 ± 0.63 ms, average amplitude — 1.79 ± 1.09 μV; there are no significant age & gender differences. TMS of the tongue according to this protocol is relatively simple, not time-and efforts-consuming & may be widely implemented in clinical neurophysiology.