The taxonomic status of Cryptobatrachus frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae) from the Serranía del Perijá

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5068 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
FABIO LEONARDO MEZA-JOYA ◽  
ELIANA RAMOS ◽  
FERNANDO J. M. ROJAS-RUNJAIC ◽  
ANDRÉS OVALLE-PACHECO
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Taxon Sampling ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The Neotropical frog genus Cryptobatrachus includes six currently recognized species distributed throughout the northern Andes in Colombia and Venezuela. Cryptobatrachus conditus, C. pedroruizi, and C. remotus were described from the Colombian and Venezuelan slopes of the Serranía del Perijá. Due to the great morphological similarity among these species, we re-assess their taxonomic status based on morphological and molecular data from types, topotypes, and specimens from localities referred to in the original descriptions of these species. Morphometric comparisons showed that all these species are virtually indistinguishable, although some subtle qualitative differences in morphological traits distinguish C. conditus from the other species. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences found that C. remotus and C. pedroruizi are not reciprocally monophyletic and exhibit low genetic divergence (< 1 %). Therefore, C. remotus should be considered a junior synonym of C. pedroruizi. This work stresses the importance of comprehensive taxon sampling in poorly explored areas, especially between neighbouring countries.  

Lollipopaia minuta from Thailand, a new genus and species of the Diaporthales (Ascomycetes, Fungi) based on morphological and molecular data

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Inderbitzin ◽  
Mary L Berbee
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Tropical Mycology ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

In this paper, we describe the new genus and species Lollipopaia minuta from a tropical rain forest in Thailand. The ascomata were long beaked and seated on a pseudoparenchymatous stroma that was erumpent through the bark of a decaying branch. Mature ascomata were readily formed under laboratory conditions. Lollipopaia minuta had ascomatal walls forming a textura intricata in surface view and deliquescent paraphyses. The asci floated freely at maturity and had a nonstaining apical ring. These characters are found in the Diaporthales. However, the habit of the stroma combined with the filiform ascospores distinguished L. minuta from all known genera of the Diaporthales. Thus, a close relationship to taxa outside the Diaporthales was considered. Lollipopaia minuta was similar to Ophioceras or Pseudohalonectria in shape of the ascomata, asci, and ascospores. However, phylogenetic analyses based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences confirmed the placement of L. minuta within the Diaporthales with 100% bootstrap support. A closest relative within the Diaporthales was not determined.Key words: Magnaporthaceae, microfungi, taxonomy, tropical mycology.

Taxonomic status of three controversial species of Cephalanthera (Orchidaceae) from Korea based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 415 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
HYE WOO SHIN ◽  
CHANG SHOOK LEE ◽  
SUN A CHOI ◽  
SANG MI EUM ◽  
NAM SOOK LEE
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Independent Species

The taxonomic status of three of the seven Cephalanthera species in Korea is controversial: C. erecta var. oblanceolata, C. subaphylla, and C. shizuoi. To clarify their taxonomic status, we used molecular data of ITS of nuclear DNA, and three regions of chloroplast DNA (matK, rpl16 and trnL-F), in addition to morphological characters. We analyzed 82 accessions collected from 26 sites including the other four taxa: C. erecta, C. falcata, C. longibractea, and C. longifolia. The analysis of ITS, matK, rpl16 and trnL-F data showed that Cephalanthera erecta var. oblanceolata should be treated as a synonym of C. erecta. Molecular data supported that C. subaphylla is an independent species rather than a variety or forma of C. erecta. Cephalanthera shizuoi was currently treated as a synonym of C. erecta or C. longifolia based on morphology and the molecular data supported that C. shizuoi should not be recognized as distinct species; but C. shizuoi should be a synonym of C. longifolia, not a synonym of C. erecta.

Phylogeny of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews) inferred from internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S Saenz ◽  
John W Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Outgroup Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Clade 1

Phylogenetic relationships were inferred for 45 powdery mildews plus two outgroup species from internal transcribed spacer sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the powdery mildews formed six evolutionary lineages, which corresponded well to recently revised mitosporic taxa. Clade 1 consisted of Erysiphe, Microsphaera, and Uncinula, all of which have an Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium mitosporic state. Clade 2 consisted of Erysiphe galeopsidis and Erysiphe cumminsiana, which have an Oidium subgenus Striatoidium mitosporic state. Clade 3 consisted of Erysiphe species with an Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium mitosporic state. Clade 4 consisted of Leveillula and Phyllactinia, which have Oidiopsis and Ovulariopsis mitosporic states, respectively. Clade 5 consisted of Sphaerotheca, Podosphaera, and Cystotheca, which have Oidium subgenera Fibroidium and Setoidium mitosporic states. Clade 6 consisted of Blumeria graminis, which has an Oidium subgenus Oidium mitosporic state. Seventeen morphological characters were analysed and found not to conflict with the molecular data, so the morphological and molecular data were combined. The combined data increased the overall support for the six clades.Key words: Ascomycete, Blumeria, Erysiphe, fungi, molecular evolution, plant pathogen.

Emended description and resurrection of Sciaphila tosaensis and S. megastyla (Triuridaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 413 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENJI SUETSUGU ◽  
AKIHIKO KINOSHITA ◽  
TIAN-CHUAN HSU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Morphological Differences

This paper presents a re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of Sciaphila tosaensis and S. megastyla (Triuridaceae) distributed in Japan and Taiwan. Based on the detailed morphological data, we concluded that these two species should both be treated as distinct species rather than synonyms of S. secundiflora. Sciaphila tosaensis differs from S. secundiflora and S. megastyla in having very narrow male perianth segments and female perianth segments distinctly shorter than male perianth segments. Sciaphila megastyla differs from the other two species in having very conspicuous style and stigma that is ca. 1.5 times as long as ovary in the flowering stage. Furthermore, a lectotype is designated of S. megastyla because its holotype has been lost. Molecular data also showed that there is considerable genetic divergence between S. tosaensis and S. megastyla, supporting that the morphological differences are mirrored by their genetic distances.

scholarly journals A new insular species of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus group (Reptilia, Gekkonidae) from Tarutao Island, southern Thailand revealed by morphological and genetic evidence

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1070 ◽  
pp. 101-134
Author(s):  
Korkhwan Termprayoon ◽  
Attapol Rujirawan ◽  
Natee Ampai ◽  
Perry L. Wood Jr ◽  
Anchalee Aowphol
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Pairwise Divergence ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Dark Body

The bent-toed geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus group are widely distributed along the Thai-Malay Peninsula. Although taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of this species group have been continuously conducted, only some populations from Thailand have been included, resulting in hidden diversity within this group. In this study, we used morphological and molecular data to clarify the taxonomic status and describe a new population from Tarutao Island, Satun Province, southern Thailand. Cyrtodactylus stellatussp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following morphological characters: body size; tuberculation; number of dark body bands, ventral scales, and femoroprecloacal pores in males; presence of precloacal pores in females; and scattered pattern on dorsum. Phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial ND2 gene recovered the new species as the sister species to C. astrum, with an uncorrected pairwise divergence of 9.78–12.37%. Cyrtodactylus stellatussp. nov. is currently only known from Tarutao Island, Thailand. The discovery of this species suggests that the diversity within the C. pulchellus group remains underestimated and future exploration of unsurveyed areas are needed to further the understanding of this group and its geographic range.

Two new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northern Laos, including new finding and expanded diagnosis of C. bansocensis

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4822 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-530
Author(s):  
NICOLE SCHNEIDER ◽  
VINH QUANG LUU ◽  
SALY SITTHIVONG ◽  
ALEXANDRE TEYNIÉ ◽  
MINH DUC LE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
New Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Two new Cyrtodactylus species are described from Houaphan and Luang Prabang provinces in Laos based on morphological and molecular data. Cyrtodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov. differs from all other Cyrtodactylus in the C. wayakonei species group by at least 3.3 % genetic divergence in the COI gene and can be diagnosed in morphology as follows: SVL 75.8 mm; supralabials 9 or 10; infralabials 8 or 9; ventral scales 35; dorsal tubercles in 20 rows at midbody; precloacal pores 6 in the male; femoral pores absent; subcaudals enlarged; five irregular, brown bands between limb insertions. The new species morphologically resembles C. chauquangensis and revealed to be a sister taxon to C. puhuensis according to our genetic analyses, from which it mainly differs in the absence of enlarged femoral scales. Cyrtodactylus ngoiensis sp. nov. differs from other closely related congeners by at least 11.6 % genetic divergence in the COI gene and can be diagnosed in morphology as follows: maximum SVL 95.3 mm; supralabials 6–9; infralabials 8–11; ventral scales 38–43; dorsal tubercles in 15–21 rows at midbody; enlarged femoral scales present; precloacal pores 7 in the male, 7 pitted scales in females; femoral pores 14 in the male, absent in females; five bright yellowish transverse dorsal bands; subcaudals enlarged. The new species is shown to be a member of the C. wayakonei species group, but morphologically resembles C. dumnuii from Thailand. According to our phylogenetic analyses, it is a basal taxon to a clade comprising C. spelaeus, C. chauquangensis, C. vilaphongi, C. cucphuongensis, C. puhuensis, C. houaphanensis, C. otai and C. bobrovi. Based on a new record of C. bansocensis from central Laos, which represents the first recorded female we provide a redescription of C. bansocensis including expanded diagnosis. In addition, an updated identification key for the Cyrtodactylus known from Laos is provided. 

Subspecies-level systematics and affinities of Cheimas Thieme—an endemic genus of the subparamo of the Venezuelan Cordillera de Mérida (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4422 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMASZ W. PYRCZ ◽  
JADWIGA LORENC-BRUDECKA ◽  
PIERRE BOYER ◽  
ANNA ZUBEK
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
The North ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The validity of the monobasic neotropical butterfly genus Cheimas Thieme (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini, Pronophilina) is discussed, and confirmed based on morphological and molecular data. Cheimas opalinus (Staudinger), endemic to the Venezuelan Cordillera de Mérida, and considered prior to this study to be monotypic and restricted to the central part of the range, is demonstrated to be polytypic and more widely distributed. Five subspecies are recognised, differing mostly in their dorsal patterns, in particular the shape and colour of hindwing greenish–blue patch. Mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI) were obtained for three of them. The nominate subspecies is found in the central part of the range, in the Sierra Nevada and La Culata. The other subspecies are found as follows: C. opalinus dominici n. ssp.; in the Santo Domingo valley in the centre-north; C. opalinus cristalinus n. ssp. in the north; C. opalinus iosephi n. ssp. on the eastern slopes, and C. opalinus rosalinus n. ssp. in the southern Páramo El Batallón massif. A hybrid zone between the latter two subspecies was detected in the northern part of the Batallón massif based on unusual individual variation and intermediate phenotypes. All the populations of Cheimas opalinus occur in the forest–paramo ecotone at 2800–3400 m a.s.l., with the notable exception of C. opalinus cristalinus n. ssp. found also in mid-elevation forests down to 2300 m a.s.l. 

A new species of Melanoseris (Lactucinae, Cichorieae, Asteraceae) from SW Xizang, China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 357 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
ZHI-JIAN YIN ◽  
NORBERT KILIAN ◽  
BING-ZHANG LI ◽  
HONG-YAN SUN ◽  
MING-XU ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Melanoseris jilongensis from SW Xizang, China, is described as a species new to science and illustrated, and its threat status is also assessed. It morphologically resembles M. macrorhiza, but differs in particular in leaf morphology, indumentum and achene characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS and plastid DNA sequences revealed discordance between both DNA datasets as well as between morphological similarity and phylogenetic position. As in other cases of Sino-Himalayan taxa of the Melanoseris lineage, an event of reticulation in the speciation of M. jilongensis seems to have been taken place.

scholarly journals Loose Ends in the Cortinarius Phylogeny: Five New Myxotelamonoid Species Indicate a High Diversity of These Ectomycorrhizal Fungi with South American Nothofagaceae

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Salgado Salomón ◽  
Carolina Barroetaveña ◽  
Tuula Niskanen ◽  
Kare Liimatainen ◽  
Matthew E. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
South American ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Diversity

This paper is a contribution to the current knowledge of taxonomy, ecology and distribution of South American Cortinarius (Pers.) Gray. Cortinarius is among the most widely distributed and species-rich basidiomycete genera occurring with South American Nothofagaceae and species are found in many distinct habitats, including shrublands and forests. Due to their ectomycorrhizal role, Cortinarius species are critical for nutrient cycling in forests, especially at higher latitudes. Some species have also been reported as edible fungi with high nutritional quality. Our aim is to unravel the taxonomy of selected Cortinarius belonging to phlegmacioid and myxotelamonioid species based on morphological and molecular data. After widely sampling Cortinarius specimens in Patagonian Nothofagaceae forests and comparing them to reference collections (including holotypes), we propose five new species of Cortinarius in this work. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated rDNA ITS-LSU and RPB1 sequences failed to place these new species into known Cortinarius sections or lineages. These findings highlight our knowledge gaps regarding the fungal diversity of South American Nothofagaceae forests. Due to the high diversity of endemic Patagonian taxa, it is clear that the South American Cortinarius diversity needs to be discovered and described in order to understand the evolutionary history of Cortinarius on a global scale.

scholarly journals Redescription of Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from the type host Hemiculter leucisculus, with neotype designation

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Jirsová ◽  
Xuejuan Ding ◽  
Kristína Civáňová ◽  
Eliška Jirounková ◽  
Jana Ilgová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type Host ◽  
Hemiculter Leucisculus ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Median Plate

Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Ling, 1973), a member of the Diplozoidae, parasitizes the gills of Asian fish. Not only is the type material unavailable for this species, the original description was poor and somewhat conflicting, and adequate molecular data were not available. What is more, the available morphological and molecular data are inconsistent and fluctuate significantly. Here, we present a redescription of P. hemiculteri based on morphological and molecular data from new isolates collected from the type host, the sharpbelly Hemiculter leucisculus (Basilewsky, 1855), captured at the neotype locality (Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, southern China); a neotype for P. hemiculteri was designated from this collection. The length and width of the body, buccal suckers, pharynx, attachment clamps, sickle and the central hook handle were all measured and the shape of the anterior and posterior part of the median plate and anterior and posterior joining sclerites accurately documented. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the second rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) indicated that all new samples clustered together and differed clearly from sequences attributed to P. hemiculteri, which are deposited in GenBank. Our results confirm that P. hemiculteri is the only diplozoid that has demonstrably been found on the gills of H. leucisculus to date.

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