Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Intestinal Absorption of Glucose by Ex Vivo Everted Rat Gut Sac Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4586-4595
Author(s):  
Yun Wang ◽  
Zhangjian Chen ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
Lin Zhuo ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Sugar Uptake ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) as food additives were widely found in various foodrelated products, especially in high-sugar foods. The daily intake of TiO2 NPs in the diet may therefore expose the small intestine to TiO2 NPs and affect its physiological functions, including the absorption of nutrients. It is speculated that TiO2 may cause serious health hazards by increasing sugar uptake. To explore this possibility, transport of glucose from small intestine was studied using an everted gut sac model prepared from small intestine of young healthy male SD rats. The translocation of TiO2 NPs and the morphological changes of small intestine were also observed after exposure of intestinal lumen to TiO2 NPs for 2 h. The results showed that TiO2 NPs can enter into enterocyte but hardly cross the intestinal epithelium. No change on microstructure of gut epithelia and expression of glucose transporter was found, and there is no obvious impact on intestinal absorption and metabolism of glucose. These results suggest that short-term exposure to TiO2 NPs has little influence on intestinal absorption of glucose. More attention should be paid to the chronic effect of dietary consumption of TiO2 NPs on nutrient absorption.

Oral, short-term exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rat: focus on reproductive and endocrine systems and spleen

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Tassinari ◽  
Francesco Cubadda ◽  
Gabriele Moracci ◽  
Federica Aureli ◽  
Marilena D’Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Responses of metabolic enzymes (GOT, GPT and LDH) in an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanorods under short-term exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
B. Rangasamy ◽  
A.P. Ashokan ◽  
M. Ramesh ◽  
A. Narayanasamy
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Tio2 Nanorods ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Indian Major Carp ◽  
Cirrhinus Mrigala ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are extensively manufactured due to their potential properties and applications invarious fields such as biomedical, electrical and environmental. These particles are likely to reach the aquatic environmentand may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations (1, 50 and 100 mg L-l) of TiO2 nanorods (NRs). The enzymatic activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured in the liver and muscle of an Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala, under short-term exposure (96 h). The synthesised particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visspectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques before conducting the toxicity assay. The GOT and GPT activities were significantly elevated in both liver and muscle of fish treated with TiO2 nanorods (except 50 mg L-l in muscle for GPT). Similarly, the activity of LDH was also found to be elevated. The findings of the present investigation suggest that TiO2:NRs might have be absorbed, circulated, accumulated in liver and muscles of C. mrigala resulting in alterations in the enzyme activities. The results revealed that TiO2 nanorods induced alterations in GOT, GPT and LDH activities of fish at tested concentrations. The alterations of these enzymatic parameters can be useful for monitoring the environmental contamination of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in freshwater ecosystem.

Electron-Microscopic Investigation of the Distribution of Titanium Dioxide (rutile) Nanoparticles in the Rats’ Small Intestine Mucosa, Liver, and Spleen

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
Olga D. Hendrickson ◽  
Tatyana A. Platonova ◽  
Svetlana M. Pridvorova ◽  
Anatoly V. Zherdev ◽  
Ivan V. Gmoshinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Intestine Mucosa

Background: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is currently one of the most widely known nanomaterials produced for different purposes. The adverse effects of nano-dispersed TiO2 cause a serious concern about human health problems related to the intake of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The investigation of TiO2 NPs’ penetration through the gut epithelium into secondary organs and the relevant biological effects has an undoubted importance when assessing the potential risk of using TiO2 NPs. Objective: In the current study, we investigated the effect of rutile TiO2 NPs on tissues of the small intestine, liver, and spleen. For this purpose, we used a physiological model that simulates the single administration of TiO2 NPs directly into the intestinal lumen of an experimental animal. Methods: Suspensions TiO2 NPs were administered via an isolated loop of the small intestine at a single dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight. TiO2 NPs were detected in rats’ tissues by transmission electron microscopy. Results: TiO2 NPs were found in tissues of the small intestine mucosa, liver, and spleen. The administration of TiO2 NPs resulted in different changes in the cellular ultrastructures: hyperplasia of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, an increase in the size of the mitochondria, the emergence of local extensions into the perinuclear space, and the appearance of myelin-like structures. Conclusion: The ultrastructural changes found in the individual cells of the small intestine, liver, and spleen indicated intracellular pathology, induced by the high doses of the TiO2 NPs. The spleen tissue appeared to be the most sensitive to the effect of TiO2 NPs.

In vivo and in vitro toxicological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on small intestine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Tassinari ◽  
Cinzia La Rocca ◽  
Laura Stecca ◽  
Sabrina Tait ◽  
Barbara De Berardis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Toxicological Effects

Interaction of amino acids, peptides and peptidases in the small intestine

1975 ◽  
Vol 190 (1099) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Entry Mechanism ◽  
Stimulation Of

Experiments were carried out with rat intestine to investigate the interaction of various amino acids, peptides and peptidases in intestinal absorption. A number of amino acids reduced the rate of hydrolysis of glycylglycine and glycyl-L-leucine and in both cases L-histidine was the most effective inhibitor. With L-leucyl-glycine the effects were quite different, and most amino acids tested caused some stimulation of hydrolysis, except L-histidine which caused inhibition. There was no evidence of competition between amino acids and dipeptides for an entry mechanism, but there was evidence for competition between different dipeptides. Cobalt caused stimulation of dipeptidases in homogenates but not in intact intestine, and this suggested that the dipeptidase is not accessible to cobalt in the intestinal lumen. The results are discussed in relation to the terminal stages of absorption and digestion of protein.

Hemocyte responses of Dreissena polymorpha following a short-term in vivo exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Preliminary investigations

2012 ◽  
Vol 438 ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Couleau ◽  
Didier Techer ◽  
Christophe Pagnout ◽  
Stéphane Jomini ◽  
Laurent Foucaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Dreissena Polymorpha ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Short Term
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