Exome Sequencing on 298 Probands With Early-Onset High Myopia: Approximately One-Fourth Show Potential Pathogenic Mutations in RetNet Genes

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 8365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenmin Sun ◽  
Li Huang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Xueshan Xiao ◽  
Shiqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Pathogenic Mutations

Detection of Mutations in LRPAP1, CTSH, LEPREL1, ZNF644, SLC39A5, and SCO2 in 298 Families With Early-Onset High Myopia by Exome Sequencing

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jiang ◽  
J. Li ◽  
X. Xiao ◽  
S. Li ◽  
X. Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Detection Of Mutations

scholarly journals Trio-based exome sequencing arrests de novo mutations in early-onset high myopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (16) ◽  
pp. 4219-4224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Bing Jin ◽  
Jinyu Wu ◽  
Xiu-Feng Huang ◽  
Chun-Yun Feng ◽  
Xue-Bi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
De Novo Mutations ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Screening Study ◽  
Biallelic Mutations ◽  
Genetic Contributions

The etiology of the highly myopic condition has been unclear for decades. We investigated the genetic contributions to early-onset high myopia (EOHM), which is defined as having a refraction of less than or equal to −6 diopters before the age of 6, when children are less likely to be exposed to high educational pressures. Trios (two nonmyopic parents and one child) were examined to uncover pathogenic mutations using whole-exome sequencing. We identified parent-transmitted biallelic mutations or de novo mutations in as-yet-unknown or reported genes in 16 probands. Interestingly, an increased rate of de novo mutations was identified in the EOHM patients. Among the newly identified candidate genes, a BSG mutation was identified in one EOHM proband. Expanded screening of 1,040 patients found an additional four mutations in the same gene. Then, we generated Bsg mutant mice to further elucidate the functional impact of this gene and observed typical myopic phenotypes, including an elongated axial length. Using a trio-based exonic screening study in EOHM, we deciphered a prominent role for de novo mutations in EOHM patients without myopic parents. The discovery of a disease gene, BSG, provides insights into myopic development and its etiology, which expands our current understanding of high myopia and might be useful for future treatment and prevention.

Utility and implications of exome sequencing in early‐onset Parkinson's disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Trinh ◽  
Katja Lohmann ◽  
Hauke Baumann ◽  
Alexander Balck ◽  
Max Borsche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Parkinson’S Disease

scholarly journals Myopia-26, the female-limited form of early-onset high myopia, occurring in a European family

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémi Széll ◽  
Tamás Fehér ◽  
Zoltán Maróti ◽  
Tibor Kalmár ◽  
Dóra Latinovics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Colour Vision ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Cone Dystrophy ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Caucasian Family ◽  
Cone System

Abstract Background Female-limited early-onset high myopia, also called Myopia-26 is a rare monogenic disorder characterized by severe short sightedness starting in early childhood and progressing to blindness potentially by the middle ages. Despite the X-linked locus of the mutated ARR3 gene, the disease paradoxically affects females only, with males being asymptomatic carriers. Previously, this disease has only been observed in Asian families and has not gone through detailed investigation concerning collateral symptoms or pathogenesis. Results We found a large Hungarian family displaying female-limited early-onset high myopia. Whole exome sequencing of two individuals identified a novel nonsense mutation (c.214C>T, p.Arg72*) in the ARR3 gene. We carried out basic ophthalmological testing for 18 family members, as well as detailed ophthalmological examination (intraocular pressure, axial length, fundus appearance, optical coherence tomography, visual field- testing) as well as colour vision- and electrophysiology tests (standard and multifocal electroretinography, pattern electroretinography and visual evoked potentials) for eight individuals. Ophthalmological examinations did not reveal any signs of cone dystrophy as opposed to animal models. Electrophysiology and colour vision tests similarly did not evidence a general cone system alteration, rather a central macular dysfunction affecting both the inner and outer (postreceptoral and receptoral) retinal structures in all patients with ARR3 mutation. Conclusions This is the first description of a Caucasian family displaying Myopia-26. We present two hypotheses that could potentially explain the pathomechanism of this disease.

scholarly journals Bilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome presenting with early onset convulsion and high myopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Indrani Bhattacharjee ◽  
SanatKumar Ghosh ◽  
KanchanKumar Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Weber Syndrome ◽  
Sturge Weber Syndrome

scholarly journals A Novel Homozygous In-Frame Deletion in Complement Factor 3 Underlies Early-Onset Autosomal Recessive Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome - Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Pollack ◽  
Israel Eisenstein ◽  
Adi Mory ◽  
Tamar Paperna ◽  
Ayala Ofir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Close Relatives

Background and ObjectivesAtypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is mostly attributed to dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway (ACP) secondary to disease-causing variants in complement components or regulatory proteins. Hereditary aHUS due to C3 disruption is rare, usually caused by heterozygous activating mutations in the C3 gene, and transmitted as autosomal dominant traits. We studied the molecular basis of early-onset aHUS, associated with an unusual finding of a novel homozygous activating deletion in C3.Design, Setting, Participants, & MeasurementsA male neonate with eculizumab-responsive fulminant aHUS and C3 hypocomplementemia, and six of his healthy close relatives were investigated. Genetic analysis on genomic DNA was performed by exome sequencing of the patient, followed by targeted Sanger sequencing for variant detection in his close relatives. Complement components analysis using specific immunoassays was performed on frozen plasma samples from the patient and mother.ResultsExome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous variant in exon 26 of C3 (c.3322_3333del, p.Ile1108_Lys1111del), within the highly conserved thioester-containing domain (TED), fully segregating with the familial disease phenotype, as compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance. Complement profiling of the patient showed decreased C3 and FB levels, with elevated levels of the terminal membrane attack complex, while his healthy heterozygous mother showed intermediate levels of C3 consumption.ConclusionsOur findings represent the first description of aHUS secondary to a novel homozygous deletion in C3 with ensuing unbalanced C3 over-activation, highlighting a critical role for the disrupted C3-TED domain in the disease mechanism.

scholarly journals Screening of dementia genes by whole-exome sequencing in early-onset Alzheimer disease: input and lessons

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaël Nicolas ◽  
David Wallon ◽  
Camille Charbonnier ◽  
Olivier Quenez ◽  
Stéphane Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Whole Exome

scholarly journals Early Onset Multiple Primary Tumors in Atypical Presentation of Cowden Syndrome Identified by Whole-Exome-Sequencing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Cavaillé ◽  
Flora Ponelle-Chachuat ◽  
Nancy Uhrhammer ◽  
Sandrine Viala ◽  
Mathilde Gay-Bellile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Cowden Syndrome ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Multiple Primary Tumors ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Multiple Primary

scholarly journals CARMIL2 Deficiency Presenting as Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1788-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Magg ◽  
Anna Shcherbina ◽  
Duran Arslan ◽  
Mukesh M Desai ◽  
Sarah Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Children with very early onset inflammatory bowel diseases (VEO-IBD) often have a refractory and severe disease course. A significant number of described VEO-IBD-causing monogenic disorders can be attributed to defects in immune-related genes. The diagnosis of the underlying primary immunodeficiency (PID) often has critical implications for the treatment of patients with IBD-like phenotypes. Methods To identify the molecular etiology in 5 patients from 3 unrelated kindred with IBD-like symptoms, we conducted whole exome sequencing. Immune workup confirmed an underlying PID. Results Whole exome sequencing revealed 3 novel CARMIL2 loss-of-function mutations in our patients. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed reduction of regulatory and effector memory T cells and impaired B cell class switching. The T cell proliferation and activation assays confirmed defective responses to CD28 costimulation, consistent with CARMIL2 deficiency. Conclusion Our study highlights that human CARMIL2 deficiency can manifest with IBD-like symptoms. This example illustrates that early diagnosis of underlying PID is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of children with VEO-IBD.

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