scholarly journals Meteorological Factors Affecting Airport Operations during the Winter Season in the Midwest

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Algarin Ballesteros ◽  
Nathan M. Hitchens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Meteorological Factor ◽  
Flight Delays ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Flight Delay

Abstract During the coldest months of the year, weather systems bring a variety of winter weather to most of the continental United States in the form of snow, sleet, and freezing rain, which along with strong winds, low clouds, and reduced visibilities may create dangerous conditions. These weather conditions can result in major disruptions in air travel, leading to delays and cancellations of hundreds or thousands of flights, thus affecting the plans of millions of travelers. To assess the specific meteorological factors that prompt flight delays and cancellations in the Midwest region of the United States during wintertime, a comprehensive study was performed on nine of the largest airports (by passenger boardings) in the area. Flight delay and cancellation data from 11 winter seasons (2005–06 to 2015–16) were collected from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) and analyzed along with climatological data from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). A classification scheme was developed, and each flight was categorized according to the meteorological factor that could have prompted its delay. The results of the study revealed that visibility was the main meteorological factor affecting midwestern airports, with low ceilings as a close second. Blizzards were the main cause for flight cancellations.

Post-hurricane forest management responses in the southern United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Pete Bettinger, PhD ◽  
Krista L. Merry, MS ◽  
Jeffrey Hepinstall, PhD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Social Recovery

Although people living along the southeastern and Gulf coasts of the United States may have limited experience dealing with major hurricane damage, hurricanes are imminent and pose potentially dire consequences to forest resources. In addition to understanding the physical and biological reactions of forests to extreme weather conditions, there are a number of managerial responses that should be considered based on this past experience. This article presents a summary of the more pertinent forest management responses, and where appropriate, highlights situations where these were beneficial to the overall (economic, ecological, social) recovery effort. Management responses address not only the immediate needs for clearing roads and restoring basic service needs, but also the longer-term issues related to timber salvage, reforestation, forest health, and fire danger. The damage from strong winds and storm surges may also result in serious consequences for ecological values. However, challenges and issues related to the restoration of forests and forest-related values may require several years to address. Therefore, the objective of this review article is to provide a summary of the experiences of forest land managers, researchers, and emergency planners who have directly responded to severe storms affecting the southern United States.

Factors affecting water quality in selected carbonate aquifers in the United States,1993-2005

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Lindsey ◽  
Marian P. Berndt ◽  
Brian G. Katz ◽  
Ann F. Ardis ◽  
Kenneth A. Skach
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Carbonate Aquifers

scholarly journals Core Elements Affecting Sharing: Evidence from the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Aurelija Burinskienė ◽  
Edita Leonavičienė ◽  
Virginija Grybaitė ◽  
Olga Lingaitienė ◽  
Juozas Merkevičius
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Number Of Visits

The new phenomenon called sharing or collaborative consumption emerged a decade ago and is continuously growing. It creates new possibilities for society, and especially for business, is beneficial for the environment, makes more efficient use of resources, and presents a new competitive business model. The scientific literature lacks a more in-depth analysis of the factors influencing sharing activity growth; therefore, the paper’s authors attempt to fill this gap. The authors aim to identify the factors affecting the use of sharing platforms. To reach the goal, the authors developed a regression model and constructed a list of 71 variables. The study used monthly United States data from January 2017 to June 2020 from the publicly available Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED)and Google trends databases. The comparison to other indexes proves that the proposed index, representing the number of visits to sharing platforms (SEP), is a unique one. The first index allowed us to revise the sharing activity monthly. The authors identified that variables such as wage level, social network users, import level, and personal consumption are critical in affecting the number of visits to sharing platforms. The presented framework could be helpful for practitioners and policymakers analysing the stimulation of sharing or collaborative consumption. It includes indicators representing different areas, such as society, technology, and country, and allows for monthly investigations. Such activity was evident for a long time when online platforms contributed to its wider accessibility. The results help to forecast the number of visits monthly. Sharing is still an emerging area for research; thus, the authors tried to explore the phenomenon of sharing to expand the conceptual level of knowledge.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Infection of Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) by Synchytrium solstitiale, Causal Agent of False Rust Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Widmer ◽  
F. Guermache
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Centaurea Solstitialis ◽  
Yellow Starthistle ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Centaurea Calcitrapa

Yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) is an annual invasive weed in the United States with Mediterranean origins. The expense of chemical control and the vast area of invasion make this weed an appropriate target for classical biological control. Observations of a field site in southern France revealed small orange galls on the leaves of yellow starthistle seedlings caused by the fungus Synchytrium solstitiale. Inoculation of yellow starthistle seedlings with a suspension of zoospores released from infected tissue resulted in infection. Ten days after inoculation, typical orange galls appeared on the exposed tissue. Preliminary host range testing showed up to 100% infection of C. solstitialis seedlings from both France and the United States and infection of Carthamus tinctorius, Centaurea americana, C. diffusa, C. rothrockii, C. squarrosa, and Helianthus annuus seedlings. No symptoms were observed on seedlings of Centaurea calcitrapa, C. maculosa, C. sulfurea, Cirsium californica, C. occidentale, Cynera cardunculus, and Taraxacum officinale. Zoospores were released in a pH range between 4.45 and 8.25 and optimally at temperatures between 5 and 15°C. Infection of yellow starthistle seedlings occurred after a minimum 1-h exposure to a zoospore suspension at 20°C.

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