State Hospitals in the Depression. A study of the effects of the economic crisis on the operation of institutions for the mentally ill in the United States. (New York: National Committee for Mental Hygiene, 1934.)

1936 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1471-1472
Author(s):  
George H. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Hygiene ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Committee ◽  
State Hospitals

An overview of jail-based competency restoration

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-629
Author(s):  
Scott E. Kirkorsky ◽  
Mary Gable ◽  
Katherine Warburton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Competency Restoration ◽  
State Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial ◽  
County Jails

Forensic populations in the United States are increasing, driven largely by a rise in individuals determined to be Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST). Across most states, including California, the number of mentally ill inmates awaiting competency restoration has increased dramatically in recent years. Traditionally, competency restoration has taken place in state hospitals, but incompetent inmates often experience a significant wait for state hospital beds because of the rising demand for beds in such facilities. The resulting waitlists, which range from days to months, have led to states being held in contempt of court for violating limits placed on how long incompetent defendants can be held in jail. Therefore, alternatives to state hospitalization for IST patients have been developed, including jail-based competency (JBCT) restoration programs. JBCT programs provide restoration services in county jails, rather than in psychiatric hospitals. The following article will review the nature of JBCT programs and will emphasize the structure and evolution of such programs within California.

scholarly journals Effects of New York’s Executive Order on Face Mask Use on COVID-19 Infections and Mortality: A Modeling Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingwang Shen ◽  
Jian Zu ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
José A. Pagán ◽  
Bart Ferket ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Mental Hygiene ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Control And Prevention

ABSTRACTBackgroundNew York City (NYC) was the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. On April 17, 2020, the State of New York implemented an Executive Order that requires all people in New York to wear a face mask or covering in public settings where social distancing cannot be maintained. It is unclear how this Executive Order has affected the spread of COVID-19 in NYC.MethodsA dynamic compartmental model of COVID-19 transmission among NYC residents was developed to assess the effect of the Executive Order on face mask use on infections and deaths due to COVID-19 in NYC. Data on daily and cumulative COVID-19 infections and deaths were obtained from the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.ResultsThe Executive Order on face mask use is estimated to avert 99,517 (95% CIs: 72,723-126,312) COVID-19 infections and 7,978 (5,692-10,265) deaths in NYC. If the Executive Order was implemented one week earlier (on April 10), the averted infections and deaths would be 111,475 (81,593-141,356) and 9,017 (6,446-11,589), respectively. If the Executive Order was implemented two weeks earlier (on April 3 when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended face mask use), the averted infections and deaths would be 128,598 (94,373-162,824) and 10,515 (7,540-13,489), respectively.ConclusionsNew York’s Executive Order on face mask use is projected to have significantly reduced the spread of COVID-19 in NYC. Implementing the Executive Order at an earlier date would avert even more COVID-19 infections and deaths.

scholarly journals Homelessness, outreach and advocacy: Current themes in North American community psychiatry

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 286-288
Author(s):  
Graham Thornicroft
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Community Psychiatry ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Homeless Mentally Ill

With the process of closing psychiatric hospitals and establishing community-based alternatives more than 20 years old in the United States, psychiatric practice there is in the post-deinstitutionalisation age. In Britain we are now starting on this same path. Against this background, I attended the annual conference convened by the journal Hospital and Community Psychiatry in October 1987. Held in Boston, in the same week that Major Koch of New York sanctioned the compulsory reinstitutionalisation of homeless mentally ill people from the streets of Manhattan, the conference emphasised four themes: homelessness, outreach programmes, systems of case management, and compulsory out-patient treatment.

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