Changes in Male Breast Cancer over a 30-Year Period

Male breast cancer is a rare clinical entity accounting for approximately 1 per cent of all breast cancers. The present study investigated changes in patient characteristics, disease patterns, treatment, and outcomes over a 30-year period. A retrospective chart review was performed on male breast cancer patients treated between 1975 and 2005 at Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA. Demographic, pathologic, treatment, and survival information was collected. To facilitate comparison of trends, the patients were divided into two groups: Cohort A (1972–1991, previously reported) and Cohort B (1992–2005). Both cohorts included 28 male patients. Comparing the cohorts, no statistical differences were noted in median age, ethnicity, presenting symptoms, or progesterone receptor status. In Cohort A, 70 per cent of patients were estrogen receptor positive, compared with 100 per cent of Cohort B ( P = 0.02). Her2/neu was positive in three of five patients in Cohort B. There was a trend toward more conservative surgery, with no radical mastectomy or orchiectomy performed in Cohort B. Only two patients had sentinel lymph node mapping, both from Cohort B. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was more prevalent in Cohort B ( P = 0.04). For Cohort A and B, 5-year survival was 43 per cent and 51 per cent, respectively, which was not statistically significant. For male breast cancer, radical mastectomy is no longer a common treatment modality. Male breast cancer of today is more hormonally responsive which may have important implications for therapy. Survival has not significantly improved over the previous 30 years. Compilation of multi-institutional data of male breast cancer is needed to advance the treatment of this uncommon disease.

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Survival Outcomes in Male Breast Cancer – A Single Institution Experience

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care ◽

10.31557/apjcc.2018.3.4.71 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Nisha Hariharan

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Male Breast ◽

Survival Outcomes ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

Introduction: Male breast cancer is an uncommon entity. Due to the scarce numbers, treatment protocolshave largely been extrapolated from available evidence for female breast cancers.Methods: We analysed the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes for male breast cancer patients treated at our institute between January 2010 and June 2016.Results: Of the 5534 women treated at our institute, we screened 40 male breast cancers of whom 33 had available follow up data and were included in the present analysis. Male breast cancer constituted 0.7% of all breast cancers. The median age was 60 years and the median tumor size was 3cm with 66% of patients having nodal disease at presentation. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common histology and 97% were hormone receptor positive. Most of the patients (87.8%) underwent an upfront modified radical mastectomy. With a median follow up of 36 months, 10 patients experienced recurrences all of which were distant metastasis (3 to the bone, 1 to the brain, and 6 had visceral metastasis). Of these, 7 patients succumbed to the disease. The 3-year overall survival was 78.7 %.Conclusion: Male breast cancer is a rare clinical entity and current treatment guidelines follow those for women. Due to the lack of awareness, men often present to clinics at an advanced stage. Social support targeted at improving awareness and access to treatment could improve outcomes in this cohort.

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Early-stage male breast cancer: A 10-year experience

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e11630 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e11630-e11630

Author(s):

N. Gercovich ◽

E. Gil Deza ◽

M. Russo ◽

C. Garcia Gerardi ◽

C. Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Early Stage ◽

Male Breast ◽

Stage I ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

e11630 Introduction: Male breast cancer is very rare, representing only between 0.7% and 1% of all breast cancers, and only half of them are early stage cases. Objective: The present study has been designed with the aim of studying retrospectively the clinical onset and evolution of male invasive breast cancer patients (stages I and II) treated at IOHM between 1997 and 2008. Methods: The records of 3,000 breast cancer cases followed between 1997 and 2008 were searched, looking for male stage I and II breast cancer patients. A database was designed following the recommendations of the Directors of Surgical Pathology of the USA. The information registered encompassed: adjuvant treatments, recurrence date and date of final consultation or death. Results: Twelve pts were identified. Mean age (range)= 66 yo (50–89 yo). Tumoral type= Invasive Ductal Carcinoma 12 pt. Tumoral subtype= NOS 9 pt (75%) Apocrine 2 pt (17%) Micropapillar 1 pt (8%). Nottingham´s grade= Grade 2: 8 pt, Grade 3: 3 pt, N/A=1 pt. Stage= I= 6 pt, II=6 pt. ER (Positve= 9 pt, Negative=1 pt, N/A= 2 pt). PR (Positve= 8 pt, Negative= 2 pt, N/A=2 pt). Her2neu (0+= 3 pt, 1+= 3 pt, 2+= 2 pt, N/A= 4 pt). Surgery= Mastectomy= 11 pt, Lumpectomy 1= pt. Radiotherapy=5 pt. Adjuvance= No=2 pt, Hormonotherapy (HT)= 3 pt, Chemotherapy (CHT) = 3 pt, CHT+HT= 4 pt. Recurrence= Yes= 2 pt, No= 10 pt. Survival: Dead= 1 pt, Alive =11 pt. Mean Time To Progression= Stage I =66 months, Stage II =42 months. Global survival: Stage I =66 months, Stage II =52 months. Conclusions: 1. Twelve stage I and II male breast cancer patients were identified out of 3000 (0.4%) breast cancer cases diagnosed and followed in the past 10 years at the IOHM. 2. Mastectomy was the surgical procedure in 11 of the 12 cases 3. Ten pt underwent adjuvant treatment. 4. With a mean follow up time of 60 months, all stage I patients are alive and there were no recurrences. Two of the 6 stage II pts progressed and one died. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Management and Outcomes of Male Breast Cancer in Zaria, Nigeria

International Journal of Breast Cancer ◽

10.1155/2012/845143 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Adamu Ahmed ◽

Yahaya Ukwenya ◽

Adamu Abdullahi ◽

Iliyasu Muhammad

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Advanced Disease ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Male Breast ◽

Tumor Diameter ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽

Male Patients

Male breast cancer is an uncommon disease accounting for only 1% of all breast cancers. We present the evaluation, treatment and outcome of male patients seen with breast cancer in our institution. Male patients that had histological diagnosis of breast cancer from 2001 to 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. After evaluation patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy. Combination chemotherapy was given to patients with positive axillary lymph nodes. Radiotherapy and hormonal therapy were also employed. There were 57 male patients with breast cancer which accounted for 9% of all breast cancers seen during the study period. Their mean age was 59 ± 2.3 years. The mean tumor diameter was 13 ± 2.5 cm. Fifty three (93%) patients presented with advanced disease including 15 with distant metastasis. Four patients with stage II disease were treated with modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and tamoxifen. Of the 30 patients with sage III disease that had modified radical mastectomy, complete axillary clearance and tumor free margins were achieved in 25. Overall 21 (36.8%) patients were tumor free at one year. Overall 5-year survival was 22.8%. In conclusion, male patients with breast cancer present with advanced disease which is associated with poor outcome of treatment.

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Male Breast Cancer Has Limited Effect on Survivor’s Perceptions of Their Own Masculinity

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988316631512 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 246-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sarah Rayne ◽

Kathryn Schnippel ◽

John Thomson ◽

Joanna Reid ◽

Carol Benn

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Male Breast ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Hospital Patients ◽

Stage 1

The purpose of the current study was to describe male breast cancer in Johannesburg, South Africa, and assess whether male breast cancer patients’ perception of their own masculinity was affected by having a cancer commonly seen in women. A retrospective file review was carried out at two hospitals, one private and one government, of male breast cancer patients from 2007 to 2012 followed by a telephone survey of patients identified during review. Of approximately 3,000 breast cancer patients seen in the 5 years reviewed, 23 cases of male breast cancer were identified. Most were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma ( n = 19, 83%). Stage at presentation was from stages 0 to 3 (Stage 0 [ n = 2, 9%], Stage 1 [ n = 3, 13%], Stage 2 [ n = 12, 52%], Stage 3 [ n = 6, 26%]) and no patients were metastatic at presentation. The telephonic survey was completed by 18 patients (78%). Nearly all ( n = 17/18) shared their diagnosis with family and close friends. Two thirds of patients delayed presentation and government hospital patients were more likely to present later than private sector hospital patients. Although most male breast cancer patients sampled did not perceive the breast cancer diagnosis as affecting their masculinity, Black men and those treated in government hospitals were less likely to be aware of male breast cancer, and were more likely to have their perception of their own masculinity affected.

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Metastatic male breast cancer (mMBC): Prognosis and survival of 35 patients

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e12001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e12001-e12001

Author(s):

R. Foerster ◽

F. G. Foerster ◽

D. Baaske ◽

B. Schubotz ◽

V. Wulff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Systemic Therapy ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Male Breast ◽

Tumor Characteristics ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Radio Therapy

e12001 Background: Only about 1% of breast cancers occur in men, respectively 400–500 new cases per year in Germany. Clinical studies on breast cancer in men are limited for case studies or retrospective analysis. In the recent years no studies have been published on the clinical course of mMBC. Therefore we here present a retrospective cohort study on this topic. Methods: Clinical and pathological tumor characteristics and the follow-up of male breast cancer patients with metastatic disease diagnosed in the region Chemnitz/Zwickau in the state of Saxony between 1995 and 2007 were documented and statistically evaluated. Results: 35 men (median age 64.7 years) were diagnosed with mMBC; 10 (28.6%) of them with primary metastasis. Median survival time: 37 months. 85.7% (n = 30) had an invasive-ductile carcinoma. Most common localizations of metastasis: bones (n = 19), lungs (n = 19), liver (n = 7). Tumor characteristics at the point of diagnosis: 63.9% (n = 22) T2-T4, 38.7% (n = 12) G3, 48.4% (n = 15) N+, 79.3% (n = 23) ER+, 72.4% (n = 21) PgR+, 12.5% (n = 3) HER-2+, 13.8% (n = 4) triple negatives, and 69.2% (n = 9) AR+. The therapy in the metastatic state was very heterogeneous and consisted of systemic endocrine therapy in 45.5% (n = 10), systemic chemo therapy in 9% (n = 2) or a combination of both in 45.5% (n = 10). In 14 (40%) cases a palliative radio therapy was administered. The initial tumor characteristics like tumor size, nodal state and grading were not of any prognostic relevance on a future development of metastasis. Prognostic unfortunate were a negative hormone receptor state (p < 0.001) and triple negative receptor state (n.s.). Patients with primary metastasis showed a tendency towards worse survival than patients who developed the metastasis during follow up (n.s.). If a systemic therapy was given the prognosis was significantly improved (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Patients suffering from metastatic male breast cancer had a comparatively good prognosis and showed significant benefit from systemic therapy in this study. In patients with negative receptor state and without systemic therapy the prognosis was especially worsened. Our data suggest that an up-to-date adequate systemic therapy is capable of improving survival in men with metastatic breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Rare Case of Male Breast Cancer and Axillary Lymphoma in the Same Patient: An Unique Case Report

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2011/940803 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Emiliano Sordi ◽

Katia Cagossi ◽

Maria Grazia Lazzaretti ◽

Daniel Gusolfino ◽

Fabrizio Artioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Malignant Lesion ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Simultaneous Presentation ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Male Breast ◽

First Case

Breast cancer in men is uncommon, and even more rare is the simultaneous presentation of two different malignancies. A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with both breast cancer and axillary lymphoma. Familiar history revealed that his mother died because of breast cancer. The patient underwent fine needle aspiration leading to the diagnosis of malignant lesion. Modified radical mastectomy was performed. Histology revealed an infiltrating ductal carcinoma 2.8 cm wide, grade 2, with vascular and lymphatic invasion. Surprisingly, one of the second level nodes was confirmed as a high-grade large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. No family inheritance or gene mutations (BRCA 1 and 2) were found. The patient underwent local radiotherapy, followed by 6 chemotherapy courses (RCHOP) and treatment with tamoxifen 20 mg/daily. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in literature of male breast cancer and axillary lymphoma simultaneously confirmed in the same patient.

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Retrospective analysis on patients with male breast cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19681 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 19681-19681

Author(s):

A. M. Alvarez ◽

M. N. Gandur Quiroga ◽

G. Cinat ◽

J. Iturbe ◽

T. Said Nissi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Lobular Carcinoma ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Male Breast ◽

History Of ◽

The Media ◽

Histological Characteristics ◽

Breast Lumps

19681 Background: Male breast cancer is uncommon, 1%(0.7 %)of all breast cancer. Nevertheless, the incidence has climbed 26% over the past 25 years. Objetive: Analyze the form of presentation and clinical evolution of patients with male breast cancer studied from 1977 to 2005. Methods: From 1977 to 2005 53 charts were analyzed: age, clinical presentation, stage (st), histological characteristics and nodal involvement. Results: Age: 33 years to 83 years (median= 59 years). Mean durations of symptoms before presentations: 11 months (m) (range 1 - 84 m.) . Forty-six (86.7%) patients (pts) had history of breast lumps, 9 (17%) were painful. Skin involvement and ulceration were present in 5 (9.43%) and 4 (7.54 %) respectively. One case of bilateralism was found. Seven (13.2%) st. I; 18 (33.96%) st. II; 20 (37.73%) st. III and 7 (13.2%) st. IV. Radical mastectomy was done in 41 pts (77.35%). Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common histological type in 45 (84.9%). One case of lobular carcinoma was found. 60.4% of tumours expressed hormonal receptor. Adyuvant treatment: Adriamycin-based chemotherapy in 20 pts and CMF in 8 pts. Hormonotherapy was offered in 10 (19%) pts of the previous group, radiotherapy to 12 pts. twenthy pts (37.73%) presented recurrence; most common was bone in 10. The st. I and II estimated 5-year survival rate was 68% IC 95% (44–84%), st. III was 44% IC 95% (23 - 67%), st. IV (median = 24 m) with range (16 - 56 m). The 72% IC 95% (48–88%) patients st. I and II was free of disease at the 5-years, st. III was free 24% IC 95% (9–49%), st. IV (median = 7,5 m) with range (7–14 m). Conclusions: The media age at diagnosis was 59 years (10 years less than the international bibliography). (IB). Our group had longer time to presentation: 11 vs. 6 m., (IB) and most of them where in st. III. Hormonal receptore were positive in 60%. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Male breast cancer retrospective institution review of a 17-year period

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e11638 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e11638-e11638

Author(s):

C. Rodriguez Franco ◽

D. Aguiar Bujanda ◽

S. Saura Grau ◽

U. Bohn Sarmiento ◽

J. Aguiar Morales

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Bilateral Breast Cancer ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Male Breast ◽

Good Survival ◽

Histologic Subtype ◽

History Of

e11638 Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a very uncommon illness relative to female breast cancer (FBC) The are some differences between both that could influence the management, like gene expression, hormonal enviroment and anatomy of the gland. Methods: Retrospective review of patients diagnosed in a seventeen year period (1990–2007). Results: There were 22 male patients diagnosed in our institution with a median age of 62.4 years (range 34 to 83 years) during the period. One had bilateral breast cancer. Stage of disease was I-II in 13 patients (59%), III in 8 patients (36%), and IV in 1 patient (5%). Five patients (22.7%) had familiar history of breast cancer and 3 patients (13%) had familiar history of other kind of neoplasias. Hormonal receptor were positive in thirteen patiens (59%) and 5 were unknown (23%). Ductal carcinoma was the predominant histologic subtype with 17 patients (77%). Other types were pleomorfic, mucoid and papilar carcinoma (one each type) and 3 patients with intrapapilar carcinoma with microinfiltration. Eleven of 20 patologic available axilla had node positive (55%). Grade were I in 3 patients (13%), II in 4 patients (18%), III in 8 (37%) and undefined in in 7 (32%). Surgery was the initial treatment in 18 patients (81%), just 2 of them performing tumorectomy and the other 16 radical mastectomy. 3 patients receive neoadyuvant chemotherapy with 1 complete response and one partial response. 13 patients (59%) received adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and 17 (77%) adjuvant hormonal therapy (HT) mostly of them with tamoxifen (14/17) and the others 3 patients with aromatase inhibitors. Adjuvant chemotherapy was used in 9 (41%) patients with an antracycline regimen. With a median follow-up of 78 months (range 7–125), overall survival was 77 % with 3 patients died with progression disease and two patients died because of intercurrent illness without evidence of cancer progression. Regarding to our population area we had an incidence of 0.96/100.000 inhabitants during this 17 year period. Conclusions: MBC in our area are in the upper limit of occidental countries incidence. Most cases can be treated with radical intention with surgery (mostly radical) and adjuvant treatment with a good survival percentage. We manage MBC like we do FBC because of absence of clinical randomized trial specific for MBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Male breast cancer: a 5-year experience from a State Cancer Institute

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20213209 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shashi Singh Pawar ◽

Manish Kumar ◽

Kunal Kishor ◽

Nadeem Ahmad ◽

Sanjeet Kumar Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast Cancer ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Female Breast Cancer ◽

Male Breast ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Clinicopathological Profile ◽

Her 2 ◽

Male Patients

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon malignancy accounting for <1% of all cancers in men and <1 % of overall breast cancer cases. Although there are many similarities between MBC and female breast cancer (FBC), they are not identical in clinical behaviour. There is need to understand the exact biological behavior of MBC.Methods: A retrospective observational study was done at State Cancer Institute, IGIMS, Patna which included all MBC patients registered during a 5-year study period (January 2016 to April 2021). 16 consecutive cases of MBC were identified and their detailed clinicopathological profile was analyzed.Results: MBC accounted for 1.10% of the total breast cancer cases. The median age of presentation was 58 years. Most common presentation was lump. Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was most common histology. Majority of the patient presented to us in advanced stage. Estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) status was found to be positive in 12 patients. HER-2/neu receptor was positive in 4 patients. 2 patients had triple negative disease (TNBC) status. Surgery in the form of modified radical mastectomy (MRM) was done in 10 patients. All patients received adjuvant therapy as per NCCN guidelines.Conclusions: MBC is rare disease presenting at a relatively early age in Indian male patients. Most of them have positive ER/PR status. As outcomes have not improved comparatively, there is a need to evolve separate guidelines for MBC.

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