School Screening for Middle Ear Effusions

1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denzil N. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
School Screening ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Muscle Reflexes ◽  
Impedance Meter

Early detection of middle ear effusions is highly desirable not only from a medical standpoint, but also educationally, psychologically and socially. Present methods do not appear to be adequate and the proposal has been made that impedance measurement may be of greater effectiveness in detecting abnormalities of middle ear function. Eighty children have been studied over a period of six to seven years during which time the middle ear function has been monitored by means of an impedance meter. Approximately one-half of the children have not indicated any variation in middle ear function over the period of observation. About one-third of the children have had isolated episodes of effusion from which they have recovered spontaneously and without adverse effects. The remaining one-sixth have had repeated episodes of effusion or persistent middle ear malfunction for substantial periods of time. Observation of the middle ear muscle reflexes at suitably chosen time intervals appears to have promise as a method of early detection of effusion in the middle ear.

THE UNIVERSALITY OF OTITIS MEDIA IN 50 INFANTS WITH CLEFT PALATE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Jack L. Paradise ◽  
Charles D. Bluestone ◽  
Herman Felder
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
Irreparable Damage

Bilateral secretory (serous) or suppurative otitis media was found without exception in 50 infants with cleft palate who were 20 months of age or younger. Middle ear disease probably develops in all cleft palate infants during the first few months of life, and appears to be best managed by myringotomy with insertion of plastic tubes. Unless drainage and aeration of the middle ear are accomplished, irreparable damage to middle ear structures may develop in some patients; and, in all of them, hearing impairment will probably persist throughout infancy or longer, with adverse effects on well-being and function and with serious implications for intellectual, speech, and emotional development. Further studies are required to assess the long-range effectiveness of surgical management.

Some New Equations and Constraints Useful in Analysis of Serial Repayment or Investment

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Lewis R. Grosenbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Equal Time ◽  
Debt Repayment ◽  
Implied Constraints ◽  
Compound Interest

Abstract Initial value of the sum of a series of equal payments of R dollars at equal time intervals is V and terminal value is W. It is desired to find total number (N) of such payments and rate of effective periodic compound interest (P) implied by R, V, W under a specified protocol relating start and end of a contract (e.g., a debt repayment, annuity, or lease) to times of first and last payments. Two new equations are derived, completing the set of five needed to solve for any unknown, given any three of the remaining variables and an appropriate protocol. A list of implied constraints has been provided to facilitate early detection of invalid values assigned to trios of "known" variables and to help ensure that required guesses at value of unknowns do not violate implied limits. Erroneous and correct relationships between periodic rate (P) and annual percentage rate (APR) are compared. North. J. Appl. For. 11(2):58-62.

scholarly journals Effects of cochlear synaptopathy on middle-ear muscle reflexes in unanesthetized mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 363 ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Valero ◽  
Kenneth E. Hancock ◽  
Stéphane F. Maison ◽  
M. Charles Liberman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Muscle Reflexes

Randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of trans-tympanic injections of a sodium thiosulfate gel to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17560-e17560
Author(s):  
Francois Meyer ◽  
Viannique Rolland ◽  
Isabelle Bairati ◽  
Matthieu Guitton ◽  
André Fortin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Randomized Controlled

e17560 Background: The hearing loss due to cisplatin cochlear damage is frequent and severe. Antioxidants, such as sodium thiosulfate (STS), can neutralize the effects of cisplatin, but, when administered systemically, they decrease its efficacy. In animal experiments, STS deposited in the middle ear reached the cochlea and reduced cisplatin ototoxicity. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of trans-tympanic injections of a STS gel to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Methods: Eligible participants were patients with symmetrical hearing treated for a locally advanced head and neck cancer with chemoradiation including 3 cisplatin cycles (100 mg/m2). For each participant, one randomly selected ear received the injections while the other ear did not. On the eve of each cisplatin treatment, a trans-tympanic injection deposited 0.1 ml of an immediately prepared STS-hyaluronate gel (0.5 M) on the round window. The main outcome was assessed blindly using the shift of hearing threshold in decibels (dB) from before chemoradiation to one month thereafter for pure-tone air conduction at 0.5-14 kHz frequencies. Adverse effects were noted according to CTCAE. Assuming a lower hearing loss of 7.0 dB for the treated ears, 0.90 power and 0.05 two-sided statistical significance, 25 patients were needed. The main outcome was assessed in a mixed linear model with hearing threshold shift as dependent variable and intervention, frequency and radiation dose to the cochlea as independent variables. Results: From January to December 2015, 13 patients were randomized. The trial was stopped in June 2016 for poor accrual. The average loss of hearing over all frequencies was 1.5 dB less for the treated ears than for the control ears. The difference was not statistically (p = 0.56) nor clinically significant, but was consistently in favor of the treated ears for all frequencies between 3 and 10 kHz. The intervention adverse effects were mild. Conclusions: Our trial suggests that STS deposited in the middle ear reached the cochlea but was not clinically effective. More work is needed to improve the efficacy of trans-tympanic administration of cisplatin antidotes. Clinical trial information: NTC02281006.

scholarly journals Central auditory pathways mediating the rat middle ear muscle reflexes

2006 ◽  
Vol 288A (4) ◽  
pp. 358-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Lee ◽  
Ronald K. de Venecia ◽  
John J. Guinan ◽  
M. Christian Brown
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Auditory Pathways ◽  
Central Auditory Pathways ◽  
Muscle Reflexes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document