Prediction of drug-related cardiac adverse effects in humans-B: Use of QSAR programs for early detection of drug-induced cardiac toxicities

ABSTRACT Pharmacovigilance refers to the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. During the pharmacovigilance activities undertaken by us, a case of toxic epidermal necrolysis provided us with a setting for discussing various aspects of pharmacovigilance—the process itself, important signal generators that it may yield for practice, research and policy-related matters. How to cite this article Kaur S, Rajagopalan S, Shafiq N, Dogra S, Pandhi P, Malhotra S. A Case of Drug-induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Pharmacovigilance in Action and Lessons to learn. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(1):40-42.

Download Full-text

Drug-induced alterations in Mg2+ homoeostasis

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20120045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 123 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Anke L. Lameris ◽

Leo A. Monnens ◽

René J. Bindels ◽

Joost G. J. Hoenderop

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Neuromuscular Abnormalities ◽

Broad Variety ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

High Doses ◽

Insight Into

Magnesium (Mg2+) balance is tightly regulated by the concerted actions of the intestine, bone and kidneys. This balance can be disturbed by a broad variety of drugs. Diuretics, modulators of the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), proton pump inhibitors, antimicrobials, calcineurin inhibitors and cytostatics may all cause hypomagnesaemia, potentially leading to tetany, seizures and cardiac arrhythmias. Conversely, high doses of Mg2+ salts, frequently administered as an antacid or a laxative, may lead to hypermagnesaemia causing various cardiovascular and neuromuscular abnormalities. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of these medications on Mg2+ balance will indicate ways of prevention and treatment of these adverse effects and could potentially provide more insight into Mg2+ homoeostasis.

Download Full-text

Concurrent Hearing and Genetic Screening of 18 001 Neonates with Hearing Diagnose in Nantong, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-404100/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianhua Chen ◽

Qingwen Zhu ◽

Jingyu Li ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Wenjun Bian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Early Detection ◽

Genetic Screening ◽

Late Onset ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Hearing Screening ◽

12S Rrna ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Dna Test ◽

Deafness Gene

Abstract Objectives: Concurrent hearing and genetic screening of newborns is expected to play an important role in the early detection and diagnosis of congenital deafness, which triggers an intervention, as well as in predicting late-onset and progressive hearing loss and identifying individuals who are at risk of drug-induced hearing loss (HL).Methods: A Deafness Gene Variant Detection Array Kit covering fifteen variants in four genes was used to screen for deafness genes in 18001 infants.Results: A total of 108 neonates did not pass the second hearing screening. In addition, 912 (5.07%) screened positive for deafness-associated variants, including 78 (0.43%) genetically referred and 834 (4.63%) genetic deafness-associated variant carriers. Of the 912 screened positive cases, 880 passed the hearing screening, and 32 failed. A total of 62 (0.34%) cases carried the mtDNA 12S rRNA variants. A total of 108 cases did not pass the hearing screening and underwent a hearing diagnostic examination. An expanded DNA test identified 17 patients who possessed deafness gene mutations, increasing the detection rate to 5.16%.Conclusion: Early detection, diagnosis, and interventions are necessary for newborns who are susceptible to deafness. A good strategy is to use a small panel to quickly screen all subjects and then apply an extended panel to study the cause of deafness in affected patients.

Download Full-text

Adverse reactions to medication

Oxford Textbook of Inpatient Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780198794257.003.0012 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 103-114

Author(s):

Tomasz Bajorek ◽

Jonathan Hafferty

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Inpatient Setting ◽

Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽

Inpatient Psychiatry ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

Life Threatening

Adverse reactions to medication represent a major issue in inpatient psychiatry. This chapter systematically explores the most relevant, concerning, and problematic adverse effects routinely encountered in an inpatient setting. It describes the typical presentation, pathophysiology, incidence, and practical management of these problems. Extrapyramidal side effects including acute dystonia, drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia are considered before the chapter explores the rare but potentially life-threatening condition of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Other adverse effects common to antipsychotics that are described include hyperprolactinaemia and psychotropic-induced arrhythmias including QTc prolongation. Sexual dysfunction is an under-recognized and undertreated adverse effect common to several classes of psychotropic medication and is also considered. Focusing on antidepressants, the chapter reviews the frequently encountered issue of hyponatraemia as well as serotonin syndrome and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced bleeding risk. Finally, the chapter addresses perinatal considerations for psychotropic drugs.

Download Full-text