Electrically Induced Auditory Brainstem Response as a Clinical Tool in Estimating Nerve Survival

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Blair Simmons ◽  
Tom Meyers ◽  
Hugh S. Lusted ◽  
Clough Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Scala Tympani ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Better Than

Nerve survival estimates in totally deaf ears of cats and humans can be easily obtained by auditory brainstem responses to electrical stimulation at the round window. In humans, electrically induced auditory brainstem responses require considerably more current than concurrently observed perceptual thresholds and “maximum loudnesses,” and there is much variability from patient to patient. In cats, in which we also compared efficacy of stimulation sites, preliminary data analysis suggests that the scala tympani is clearly much more efficient than the round window, and the round window better than the promontory in ears with large populations of ganglion cells. In ears with no or nearly no ganglion cells, scala tympani and round window stimulations are about equal.

Cochlear Prostheses: Stimulation-Induced Damage

1983 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef M. Miller ◽  
Larry G. Duckert ◽  
Bryan E. Pfingst ◽  
Mark A. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Stimulation Site ◽  
Scala Tympani ◽  
Stimulus Current ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of 4 weekly, three-hour exposures to continuous sinusoidal (1 kHz) electrical stimulation of the inner ear at various current levels were assessed in the chronically implanted guinea pig. With scala tympani stimulation, histopathological damage, including new bone growth, was observed for currents at and above 100 μA rms. No changes were observed in similarly implanted, but not stimulated cochleas. At equal current levels, less damage was found in subjects stimulated via electrodes placed on the round window and promontory, as compared to the scala tympani. Consistent reversible changes in threshold and suprathreshold features of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) were found. The magnitude of EABR change was directly related to exposure stimulus current level and to cochlear stimulation site. Suprathreshold features of the EABR were more sensitive to continuous stimulation exposures than threshold measures. Reversible EABR changes were found in the presence and absence of stimulation-induced histopathology.

scholarly journals Electrically Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response over Round Window by Bipolar Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-374
Author(s):  
Noelia Munoz Fernandez ◽  
◽  
Carlos de Paula Vernetta ◽  
Laura Cavalle Garrido ◽  
Miguel Diaz Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Bipolar Stimulation ◽  
Brainstem Response

scholarly journals PromBERA: A preoperative eABR: An update

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Polterauer ◽  
Maike Neuling ◽  
Joachim Müller ◽  
John-Martin Hempel ◽  
Giacomo Mandruzzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Round Window Niche

AbstractPrior to cochlear implantation, audiological tests are performed to determine candidacy in subjects with a hearing loss. This is usually done by measuring the acoustic auditory brainstem response (ABR). Unfortunately, for some subjects, a reproducible ABR recording cannot be obtained, even at high acoustic levels. Having a healthy stimulating auditory nerve is required for cochlear implantation in order to benefit from the electrical pulses that are generated by the implant and to improve speech comprehension. In some subjects, this prerequisite cannot be measured using routine audiological tests. In this study, the feasibility of recording electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (eABR) using a stimulating transtympanic electrode, placed on the round window niche, together with MED-EL clinical system is investigated. The results show that it is possible to record reproducible eABR measurements using PromBERA. The response was also confirmed with intraoperative eABR measurements that were stimulated using the implanted CI electrode array. Similarities between the intraoperative measurements and the preoperative recorded waveforms were observed. In summary, the integrity and excitability of the auditory nerve can be objectively measured using the PromBERA in subjects where standard clinical testing procedures are unable to provide the information required.

scholarly journals The Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response Under Precedence Effect Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 233121652094613
Author(s):  
Kelly Dean ◽  
John H. Grose
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Interaural Time Difference ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Precedence Effect ◽  
Binaural Processing ◽  
Binaural Interaction ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Echo Suppression ◽  
Interaction Component

The purpose of this study was to measure the binaural interaction component (BIC) derived from click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) using stimuli configured to elicit the Precedence Effect. The hypothesis was that the contribution of binaural processing to echo suppression can be evidenced by a diminished or absent BIC associated with the echo. Ten normal-hearing young adults provided ABRs generated by sequences of click pairs. Results showed that BICs elicited by diotic clicks in isolation were obliterated when those diotic clicks were preceded by a click pair having an interaural time difference of 400 µs and where the interclick interval was 8.4 ms. The presence of the leading click pair increased the latency of the ABR generated by the lagging diotic click pair but did not decrease its amplitude. The results were interpreted as indicating a contribution of binaural processing at the level of the brainstem to echo suppression, at least for the conditions tested here.

Newborn Hearing Screening with Combined Otoacoustic Emissions and Auditory Brainstem Responses

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hall ◽  
Steven D. Smith ◽  
Gerald R. Popelka
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Conductive Loss ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Screening Measures

Accurate assessment of neonatal hearing screening performance is impossible without knowledge of the true status of hearing, a prohibitive requirement that necessitates a complete diagnostic evaluation on all babies screened. The purpose of this study was to circumvent this limitation by integrating two types of screening measures obtained near simultaneously on every baby. Peripheral auditory function was defined by otoacoustic emission results. A complete diagnostic evaluation was performed on every baby who received a "Refer" outcome for auditory brainstem response screening. The integrated results for auditory brainstem response screening in an unselected group of 300 newborns estimated sensitivity at 100%, specificity at 99.7%, overall referral rate at 2.0%, and a positive predictive value of 83.3%. Conductive loss associated with amniotic fluid in the middle ear can persist several weeks after birth; conductive loss can produce a "Refer" outcome for auditory brainstem response screening; and auditory neuropathy can be detected with screening measures. Prevalence results were consistent with the published literature. The implications of this study are that otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem measures provide much more information than either alone and that both are needed for a comprehensive hearing screening program.

Presbyacusis and the Auditory Brainstem Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flint A. Boettcher
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Functions ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL or presbyacusis) is an increasingly common form of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) as a result of changing demographics, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a common experimental and clinical tool in audiology and neurology. Some of the changes that occur in the aging auditory system may significantly influence the interpretation of the ABR in comparison to the ABRs of younger adults. The approach of this review will be to integrate physiological and histopathological data from human and animal studies to provide a better understanding of the array of age-related changes in the ABR and to determine how age-related changes in the auditory system may influence how the ABR should be interpreted in presbyacusis. Data will be described in terms of thresholds, latencies, and amplitudes, as well as more complex auditory functions such as masking and temporal processing. Included in the review of data will be an attempt to differentiate between age-related effects that may strictly be due to threshold elevation from those that may be due to the aging process.

scholarly journals Auditory Brainstem Response: reference-values for age

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Araujo Cruz Rosa ◽  
Marcia Rumi Suzuki ◽  
Rosanna Giaffredo Angrisani ◽  
Marisa Frassom Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Absolute Latency ◽  
Preterm Newborns

PURPOSE: To study the absolute latencies of waves I , III and V and interpeak I-III , III-V and I-V of Auditory brainstem responses obtained in preterm newborns in relation to post-conceptual age, term newborns and six months of age infants, establishing reference values for each age group. METHODS: Retrospective study realized through the analysis of tests performed on 80 infants divided into four groups, being the group one composed per newborns assessed between 35 and 36 weeks post-conceptual age; group two by newborns assessed between 37 and 38 weeks; group three with newborns reviewed between 39 to 40 weeks; and group four with infants evaluated with six months. RESULTS: The wave I absolute latency in the group one was 1.81 ms, decreasing to 1.79 ms in groups two and three, and to 1.70 ms in group four. The wave III latency in group one was 4.74 ms, decreasing to 4.62 ms in group two, to 4.56 ms in the group three and to 4.37 ms in the group four. The wave V latency in group one was 7.14 ms, in the group two it was 7.05 ms, in the group three 6.90 ms; and in the group four it was 6.50 ms. Interpeak latencies were also decreased in all groups. CONCLUSION: The latencies studied decreased with the increasing age and were similar values with the international literature.

Influence of Dietary Magnesium on the Amplitude of Wave V of the Auditory Brainstem Response

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Cevette ◽  
Kay B. Franz ◽  
Robert H. Brey ◽  
Martin S. Robinette
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Low Magnesium ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Brainstem Function

Thirty-six weanling guinea pigs were fed either a low (600 ppm) or normal (3000 ppm) diet of magnesium for 8 weeks. One half of each diet group received intramuscular injections of magnesium-depleting drugs, furosemide and gentamicin. The other half were controls and received equal intramuscular injections of saline. Auditory brainstem responses were obtained from all animals before and after 8 weeks of treatment of diet and drugs to examine the effects of treatment upon hearing and auditory brainstem function. A three-way analysis of variance of dietary magnesium, by drug and by sex, showed no significant differences in auditory brainstem wave V thresholds, wave V latencies, or interpeak wave I-V latencies between the control and experimental groups. The low magnesium diet group, which received drugs, had significantly greater wave V auditory brainstem response amplitudes. Results can be explained on the basis of magnesium influencing the uptake of calcium into both the hair cells and associated brainstem pathways.

Chirp-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Children: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Anne Bargen
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Brainstem Response

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the use of the chirp stimulus to record auditory brainstem responses in the pediatric population via a traditional review. Method An electronic search of the literature and a hand search of the literature were conducted. Studies that utilized chirp stimuli within the pediatric population that met all of the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Qualitative synthesis and interpretation of the data were completed. Results Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Chirp stimuli produce auditory brainstem response (ABR) waveform amplitudes in children similar to those in adults when presented at moderate to low frequency levels. Latency data from chirp stimuli are not consistent when stimulus presentation rates are altered. Test–retest reliability when using the chirp stimulus was found to be good, as were sensitivity and specificity of chirp-evoked ABRs utilized in a newborn hearing screening protocol. Conclusion Reviewed studies indicated that when presented at 60 dB nHL or lower, broadband chirp–generated ABRs have larger amplitudes than click-generated ABRs in children with normal hearing. Utilization of chirp stimuli decreases test time because waveforms are easier to detect with increased synchronization. Further research should focus on correlating chirp thresholds with behavioral hearing thresholds. Given the variance of results in these select studies, future research should also evaluate latency findings and focus on developing normative data for infants with hearing impairment and normal hearing.

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