Comparative Investigation of Secondary Cell Wall Development in Cotton Fiber Near Isogenic Lines Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongliang Liu ◽  
Hee-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fiber Maturity

In this investigation, we applied previously proposed simple algorithms to analyze the attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectra of cotton fibers during secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis. The infrared crystallinity ( CIIR) and maturity ( MIR) indices were compared from developmental fibers representing two pairs of upland cotton near isogenic lines (NILs). One pair of NILs consisted of Texas Marker-1 (TM-1) and an immature fiber ( im) mutant that differ in fiber maturity. The other pair of NILs included MD52ne and MD90ne that show variations in fiber strength. The observations revealed significant difference in the MIR values between developmental TM-1 and im NILs grown at a field in crop year 2015, and also a significant difference in the CIIR values between these NILs grown at the same field in crop year 2011. These different patterns of CIIR and MIR values during fiber development for the two different crop years indicated the impact of genetics and crop year on the development of fiber maturity and crystallinity of the TM-1 and im fibers. Furthermore, the tendency of linking CIIR with MIR values suggested that the im fibers have more CIIR development than the TM-1 fibers when the fibers have the similar MIR values. In contrast, the NIL pair having variations in fiber strength showed insignificant differences in the patterns of CIIR and MIR as well as the relationship between CIIR and MIR values. The results suggested that CIIR and MIR indices from ATR FT-IR measurement could be used to facilitate the understanding of how fiber genetics and crop year affect fiber maturity and crystallinity during SCW biosynthesis.

Chemometric Approach to a Rapid Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Complex Heroin-Based Mixtures

2020 ◽  
pp. 000370282096971
Author(s):  
Nataša Radosavljević Stevanović ◽  
Milena Jovanović ◽  
Federico Marini ◽  
Slavica Ražić
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Illegal Market ◽  
Ft Ir

Heroin is one of the most frequently seized drugs in Southeastern Europe. Due to the position in the Balkan route, the Republic of Serbia keeps important role in suppression of the trafficking of heroin for domestic and foreign illegal market. This research is aimed to provide a good scientific approach in the field of seized heroin analysis. Two different forms of heroin are present in the illegal market, mostly in mixtures with typical “cutting” agents: caffeine, paracetamol, and sugars. It was observed that the quantity of pure heroin in seized samples slightly increases from year to year. The aim of this study was to produce a reliable and fast procedure for classification of illicit heroin samples and determination of the concentration range of heroin in the samples. For that purpose, the attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) technique was used and combined with such chemometric methods as principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and partial least squares. Principal component analysis (PCA) as an unsupervised model was used for exploratory purposes to identify trends, similarities, and differences between samples by reducing the dimensionality of the data. The cluster classification of examined samples turned out to be extremely useful to evaluate the possibilities of the ATR FT-IR technique to classify the samples appropriately into the patterns, the constituted clusters. Additionally, partial least square was the suitable method for the purpose of determination of the heroin hydrochloride concentration range in examined samples. It is proved that the joined application of spectroscopy and chemometrics can be extremely convenient and useful for forensic and drugs control laboratories.

Novel Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy Using a Gem Quality Diamond as an Internal Reflection Element

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1236-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanong Ekgasit ◽  
Pimthong Thongnopkun
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Infrared Microscope ◽  
Ft Ir

A novel technique for attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectral acquisition by an infrared microscope with a gem-quality faceted diamond as an internal reflection element (IRE) is introduced. Unlike conventional IREs, the novel diamond IRE has a sharp tip configuration instead of a flat tip configuration. Light at normal incidence was coupled into the diamond while the transflected radiation from the diamond was collected through the table facet by the built-in 15× Cassegrainian objective. The number of reflections in the novel diamond IRE equals two. The evanescent field generated under total internal reflection at the pavilion facet was exploited for ATR spectral acquisition of materials attached to the IRE. The observed ATR spectra were compared to those obtained via a traditional zinc selenide IRE.

Multivariate Analysis of Attenuated Total Reflection—Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Data to Confirm the Origin of Honeys

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1115-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhán Hennessy ◽  
Gerard Downey ◽  
Colm O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Standard Normal Variate ◽  
Standard Normal ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Solids Content

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and chemometrics were used to verify the origin of honey samples ( n = 150) from Europe and South America. Authentic honey samples were collected from five sources, namely unfiltered samples from Mexico in 2004, commercially filtered samples from Ireland and Argentina in 2004, commercially filtered samples from the Czech Republic in 2005 and 2006, and commercially filtered samples from Hungary in 2006. Samples were diluted with distilled water to a standard solids content (70° Brix) and their spectra (2500–12 500 nm) recorded at room temperature using an FT-IR spectrometer equipped with a germanium attenuated total reflection (ATR) accessory. First- and second-derivative and standard normal variate (SNV) data pretreatments were applied to the recorded spectra, which were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis, factorial discriminant analysis (FDA), and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). In general, when an attenuated wavelength range (6800–11 500 nm) rather than the whole spectrum (2500–12 500 nm) was studied, higher correct classification rates were achieved. An overall correct classification of 93.3% was obtained for honeys by PLS discriminant analysis, while FDA techniques correctly classified 94.7% of honey samples. Correct classifications of up to 100% were achieved using SIMCA, but models describing some classes had very high false positive rates.

Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared (Micro-FT-IR) Spectroscopy to Enhance Repeatability and Reproducibility of Spectra Derived from Single Specimen Organic-Walled Dinoflagellate Cysts

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282110411
Author(s):  
Pjotr Meyvisch ◽  
Pieter R. Gurdebeke ◽  
Henk Vrielinck ◽  
Kenneth Neil Mertens ◽  
Gerard Versteegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The chemical composition of recent and fossil organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst walls and its diversity is poorly understood and analyses on single microscopic specimens are rare. A series of infrared spectroscopic experiments resulted in the proposition of a standardized attenuated total reflection micro-Fourier transform infrared-based method that allows the collection of robust data sets consisting of spectra from individual dinocysts. These data sets are largely devoid of nonchemical artifacts inherent to other infrared spectrochemical methods, which have typically been used to study similar specimens in the past. The influence of sample preparation, specimen morphology and size and spectral data processing steps is also assessed within this methodological framework. As a result, several guidelines are proposed which facilitate the collection and qualitative interpretation of highly reproducible and repeatable spectrochemical data. These, in turn, pave the way for a systematic exploration of dinocyst chemistry and its assessment as a chemotaxonomical tool or proxy.

Shape-controlled synthesis of CO-free Pd nanocrystals with the use of formic acid as a reducing agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (85) ◽  
pp. 12594-12597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixiong Bao ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
Shan Zhou ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
No Chemisorption ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

This paper reports the use of formic acid as a reducing agent for the shape-controlled synthesis of Pd nanocrystals with no chemisorption of CO on the surface, as confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Application of attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy in the study ofPeruphasma schulteidefensive secretion

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Mcleod ◽  
Aaron T. Dossey ◽  
M. Khalique Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Defensive Secretion ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Study

In this short communication, we present the first Fourier Transform Infrared Absorbance (FT-IR) study of peruphasmal; a defensive secretion fromPeruphasma schultei. The spectral data collected are representative of the natural product structure proposed by Dossey et al. This study demonstrates the viability of FT-IR as another tool in the physical and biological chemist's repertoire for use in determining important structural characteristics from minute amounts of available sample.

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