scholarly journals Male sex hormone as a correlate of endothelial function in middle-aged Indian males: a cross-sectional prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan ◽  
Kunal Gururani ◽  
Anurag Rawat ◽  
Mansi Kala
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Indian Male

Background: Data on relationship between serum testosterone and endothelial dysfunction measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (BAFMD) in Indian subset are scarce. The present study was envisaged to assess the correlation between serum testosterone and endothelial dysfunction measured by BAFMD.Methods: From October 2013 till September 2014, 92 Indian male patients aged 40-60 years who underwent investigation of flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery using ultra sonography were included. The association between serum testosterone and BAFMD percent-measured endothelial dysfunction was examined.Results: Multivariate regression analysis in 92 Indian male patients (mean age 53.12±6.3 years) revealed that low levels of total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were significantly associated with BAFMD% and were independent of age, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), current smoking and hyperlipidaemia (p<0.001). The total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were positively correlated with BAFMD% with Pearson correlation coefficients of r=0.572, r=0.525 and r=0.547, respectively (p<0.001).Conclusions: Low levels of total serum, serum free and serum bioavailable testosterone were significantly associated with BAFMD%-measured endothelial dysfunction, irrespective of cardiovascular risk factors.

Ascorbic Acid does not Improve Endothelium-Dependent Flow-mediated Dilatation of the Brachial Artery in Patients with Raynaud’s Phenomenon Secondary to Systemic Sclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Mavrikakis ◽  
J. P. Lekakis ◽  
M. Papamichael ◽  
K. S. Stamatelopoulos ◽  
Ch. C. Kostopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Previous studies have shown that patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis present abnormal endothelial function; the mechanisms responsible for the endothelial dysfunction are unknown but increased vascular oxidative stress could be a possible cause. The hypothesis that a potent water-soluble antioxidant can reverse endothelial dysfunction in these patients was tested in the present study. We examined 11 female patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis and ten healthy control women by ultrasound imaging of the brachial artery to assess flow-mediated (endothelium-dependent) and nitrate-induced (endothelium-independent) vasodilatation. Flow-mediated dilatation and nitrate-induced dilatation were significantly reduced in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon, indicating abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle cell function. Patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon entered a double-blind, randomized, crossover placebo-controlled trial and received orally 2 g of ascorbic acid or placebo; vascular studies were repeated two hours after ascorbic acid or placebo administration. Flow-mediated dilatation did not improve after ascorbic acid (1.6 ± 2.2% to 2.2 ± 2.5%, ns) or placebo administration (1.2 ± 1,9% to 1.7 ± 1.4%, ns); also nitrate-induced dilatation was similar after ascorbic acid or placebo (16 ± 7.4% vs 17 ± 8%, ns), suggesting no effect of ascorbic acid on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function. In conclusion, ascorbic acid does not reverse endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in the brachial circulation of patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis. The use of different antioxidants or different dosing of ascorbic acid may be required to show a beneficial effect on endothelial vasodilator function.

scholarly journals Flow-Mediated Dilatation of the Brachial Artery for Assessing Endothelial Dysfunction in Children with Moyamoya Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Eun-Hee Kim ◽  
Hyung-Chul Lee ◽  
Jaeyeon Chung ◽  
Sang-Hwan Ji ◽  
Young-Eun Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Salivary Androgens in Hirsutism: Are They of Use in Routine Evaluation?

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wang ◽  
K Wakelin ◽  
J White ◽  
P J Wood
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Unselected Group

In the biochemical evaluation of hirsutism, 50% or less of patients have an elevated total serum testosterone. Recent work has suggested that measuring salivary testosterone or a derived serum ‘free testosterone index’ may be of use in the evaluation of hyperandrogenism. We have measured serum total, derived serum free indices and salivary concentrations of testosterone and 5α-dihydro-testosterone in an unselected group of hirsute patients in order to assess their value in the routine evaluation of hirsutism. The assays were performed using a novel oxidation procedure to overcome the need for chromatographic separation. The ‘free testosterone index’ gave the best discrimination. Salivary androgen concentrations were comparatively poor and cannot be recommended for routine use.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Index to Characterise Arterial Dynamics Using Ultrasound Imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Ward ◽  
Xinghao Cheng ◽  
Yingyi Xiao ◽  
Pierfrancesco Lapolla ◽  
Anirudh Chandrashekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Aneurysm Growth ◽  
Relaxation Index

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are associated with systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. We previously reported flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery as a predictor of AAA growth. We hence hypothesised that other physical characteristics of the brachial artery correlate with AAA growth. Using a prospectively cohort of AAA patients, we devised a ‘brachial artery relaxation index’ (BARI) and examined its role as a biomarker for AAA growth. However, no correlation between BARI and future aneurysm growth was observed (p=0.5). Therefore, our investigations did not substantiate the hypothesis that other physical characteristics of the brachial artery predicts AAA growth.

scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Shishkin ◽  
M. L. Lyndina
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

The aim of our study was to evaluate whether abnormal endothelial function is present in patients with arterial hypertension. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery using high-resolution ultrasound. In the group of subjects with arterial hypertension endothelial function was significantly impaired (FMD 9,26%), whereas nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation was normal.

scholarly journals Impact of age, sex, and exercise on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. H1109-H1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Black ◽  
N. Timothy Cable ◽  
Dick H. J. Thijssen ◽  
Daniel J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Training Adaptations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Artery Flow

Flow-mediated dilatation (%FMD), an index of nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilator function, is regarded as a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease. Aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction, but underlying sex-related differences may exist and the effects of fitness and exercise on endothelial dysfunction in men (M) and women (W) are poorly understood. We compared %FMD of the brachial artery in 18 young [Y, 26 ± 1 yr; 9 M and 9 W], 12 older fit (OF, 57 ± 2 yr; 6 M and 6 W), and 16 older sedentary (OS, 59 ± 2 yr; 8 M and 8 W) subjects. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) administration was used to assess endothelium-independent vasodilatation, and the FMD-to-GTN ratio was calculated to characterize NO dilator function in the context of smooth muscle cell sensitivity. Brachial %FMD in Y (7.1 ± 0.8%) was significantly higher compared with OS (4.8 ± 0.7%, P < 0.05), but not OF (6.4 ± 0.7%). Differences between Y and OS subjects were due primarily to lower FMD in the OS women (4.3 ± 0.6%). OS women exhibited significantly lower FMD-to-GTN ratios compared with Y ( P < 0.05) and OF women ( P < 0.05), whereas these differences were not apparent in men. Exercise training improved brachial artery NO dilator function (FMD-to-GTN ratio) after 24 wk ( P < 0.05) in OS women, but not men. These findings indicate that maintaining a high level of fitness, or undertaking exercise training, prevents the age-related decline in the brachial artery vasodilator function evident in women. In OS men, who had relatively preserved NO dilator function, no training adaptations were observed. This study has potential implications for the prevention of conduit artery endothelial dysfunction in men and women.

scholarly journals Visfatin versus Flow-Mediated Dilatation as a Marker of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-227
Author(s):  
Fatina Fadel ◽  
Hafez M. Bazraa ◽  
Safaa M. Abdelrahman ◽  
Mohamed Gamal Shouman ◽  
Marwa Khaled Sayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Pediatric Renal Transplant ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Visfatin Level ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

BACKGROUND: Renal transplantation (RTx) is the treatment of choice for paediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A major cause of morbidity and mortality after RTx is cardiovascular disease. Independent predictors of cardiovascular events were shown to constitute an endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study aims to evaluate Visfatin serum level in comparison to brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in paediatric RTx recipients.METHODS: Visfatin serum level has been evaluated in 30 patients on regular hemodialysis (HD), 36 patients post-RTx and 30 controls as a measure for ED, and has been compared to brachial artery FMD.RESULTS: Visfatin level in transplant recipients was significantly lower than the hemodialysis group as well as FMD was better in transplant recipients. In spite of marked improvement of FMD and marked reduction of visfatin in post-RTx no direct statistical correlation was found between serum Visfatin level and flow-mediated dilatation.CONCLUSION: Pediatric RTx recipients show lower serum Visfatin level and better FMD than those on regular hemodialysis, reflecting less endothelial dysfunction (ED) and less cardiovascular risk. FMD in kidney transplant recipients tends to be less than normal subjects while visfatin level of the same group is similar to controls. Pediatric RTx appears to have a positive impact on the growth development of children with ESRD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Influence of Diagnostic Criteria in the Assessment of Hypogonadism in Intrathecal Opioid Therapy Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 1;16 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui V. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone

Background: Hypogonadism is frequently diagnosed based on total testosterone (TT) levels alone. However, 99% of testosterone is bound to the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with only 1% free testosterone. Alternative assessment methods consist of assay of free testosterone (FT) or bioavailable testosterone (BT) by equilibrium dialysis, calculation of FT and BT through the Vermeulen equations, and calculation of the free androgen index (FAI). Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypogonadism in male chronic non-cancer pain patients undertaking long-term intrathecal opioid therapy and the existence of diagnostic discrepancies according to the criteria used. Study design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Department of Pain Management, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, United Kingdom. Methods: Twenty consecutive male patients undertaking long-term intrathecal opioid therapy had the gonadal axis evaluated by assays of luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), TT, SHBG and by calculating the FT, BT and FAI. Results: Hypogonadism was present in 17 (85%) of the patients based on TT; 17 (85%) according to FT and BT calculations; and 14 (70%) when calculating FAI. Based on either TT or FT being low or borderline/low, 19 (95%) of the investigated patients were biochemically hypogonadal. Significant differences were observed between diagnosis based on FT and FAI (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between diagnosis based on TT and FT (P = 0.40) or TT and FAI (P = 0.20). Conclusion: Hypogonadism is common in patients undertaking intrathecal opioid therapy for the management of chronic non-malignant pain; however, diagnostic criteria can influence the diagnosis of this side effect. The assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis should include evaluation of total serum testosterone, free testosterone, or bioavailable testosterone. Key words: Diagnostic criteria, free testosterone, hypogonadism, implantable drug delivery systems, total serum testosterone

scholarly journals Development of a novel index to characterise arterial dynamics using ultrasound imaging

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248043
Author(s):  
Joel Ward ◽  
Xinghao Cheng ◽  
Yingyi Xiao ◽  
Pierfrancesco Lapolla ◽  
Anirudh Chandrashekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Aneurysm Growth ◽  
Relaxation Index

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are associated with systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. We previously reported flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery as a predictor of AAA growth. We hence hypothesised that other physical characteristics of the brachial artery correlate with AAA growth. Using a prospectively cohort of AAA patients, we devised a ‘brachial artery relaxation index’ (BARI) and examined its role as a biomarker for AAA growth. However, no correlation between BARI and future aneurysm growth was observed (p = 0.45). Therefore, our investigations did not substantiate the hypothesis that other physical characteristics of the brachial artery predicts AAA growth.

scholarly journals Relationship between plasma YKL-40 levels and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
GÜL SEMA YILDIRAN KESKİN ◽  
ÖZANT HELVACI ◽  
ÇAĞRI YAYLA ◽  
ÖZGE TUĞÇE PAŞAOĞLU ◽  
ÇAĞLAR KESKİN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Aims: We aimed to evaluate relationship between YKL-40 and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Patients/methods: Twenty-nine hemodialysis patients, 101 patients with non-dialytic (stage 2, 3, 4, 5ND) chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 38 healthy individuals as a control group were included. YKL-40 levels were measured with ELISA. Endothelial dysfunction was indirectly measured with Flow-mediated dilatation percentage (FMD) in the brachial artery. Results: YKL-40 levels were higher in CKD patients than controls and highest in HD patients (p=.001). Adversely FMD values were lower in non-dialytic CKD patients and lowest in HD patients (p=.001). YKL-40 negatively correlated with eGFR and FMD values (r=-0,674 and r=-0,471 respectively). Conclusion: This study shows that YKL-40 increases with CKD stage and is negatively correlated with FMD measurements.

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