Chinese labor-intensive industries under trade protectionism – Characteristics, comprehensive strategies and educational revelations based on economic comparative advantage

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092199823
Author(s):  
Zhang Lipai ◽  
Chen Lingling ◽  
Yu Wenling ◽  
Lu Junshan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chinese Labor

In the era of economic globalization, the US and China are the two largest economies in the world and play leading roles in the allocation of global resources. However, under the guidance of the “America First” principle, its economic policies have involved the domestic manufacturing backflow and international trade protectionism, which has led to the rise of “unilateralism” and “local protectionism”. These have caused Chinese labor-intensive industries, which leverage the comparative advantages of Chinese economy, to have fallen into development dilemma. From economic comparative advantage perspective, this paper analyzes the importance of labor-intensive industries in Chinese economic transformations, weighs the “dilemmas” and “opportunities” of these industries under the influential trade protection policies, and considers adjusting their factor endowments like personnels and capitals. To matain vitality and promote industrial upgradings, the financial and talents-educational policies of the market and government should seek sustainable strategies to guide this type of industry. The financial support emphasizes on survivals, while talents education focuses on long-term international competence.

Book Reviews

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 564-570
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Socialist Revolution ◽  
State University ◽  
Financial Reforms ◽  
Factor Endowments

Belton M. Fleisher of Ohio State University, Central University of Finance and Economics, and IZA reviews, “Demystifying the Chinese Economy “ by Justin Yifu Lin. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Originally published in Chinese in 2009. Updated English-language edition explores China's economic development and transition over the past few centuries and considers the reforms necessary for China to complete the transition to a well-functioning market economy. Discusses opportunities and challenges in China's economic development; why the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions bypassed China; the great humiliation and the Socialist Revolution; the comparative advantage-defying, catching-up strategy and the traditional economic system; enterprise viability and factor endowments; the comparative-advantage-following development strategy; rural reform and the three rural issues; urban reform and the remaining issues; reforming the state-owned enterprises; the financial reforms; deflationary expansion and building a new socialist countryside; improving the market system and promoting fairness and efficiency for harmonious development; and reflections on neoclassical theories. Lin is Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank.”

scholarly journals China

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Yifu Lin ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Zones

China is one of a handful of economies that has successfully achieved rapid long-term growth since the Second World War and is one of the fastest technological learners among latecomers. Its technological progress and economic success is attributable to the grand transformation of its development strategy since 1978. With special economic zones and encouraging inflow of foreign direct investment, China created conditions to help comparative advantage-following industries to grow and integrate with the global supply chain, paving the way for institutional reform and turning a relatively closed economy into a global manufacturing powerhouse. The catching-up strategy proposed by development economics to latecomers fails to take into account the evolutionary nature of industrial structure and downplays the role of initial factor endowments. The New Structural Economics advocated by Justin Yifu Lin underscores the importance of comparative advantage and learning, linking endowment structure and rapid economic growth. Late latecomers following the NSE approach and accumulating physical and human capital through learning are most likely to achieve rapid development and to upgrade from imitation to innovation.

Covid-19 and the restructuring of economic space: Emerging research frontiers in Economic Geography (with special reference to India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-355
Author(s):  
Sachinder Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
First Case ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Research Frontiers

The first case of COVID-19 was reported in December 2019. However, in no time this local outbreak of the corona virus became a pandemic. Not only it has slowed down the intensity of economic activities across the globe, but it has also resulted in the restructuring of the economic space. Besides, it has also brought in the long term debate on the benefits of economic globalization. The article sketches the outlines for the re-examination of the economic space as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Five research themes are proposed for revisiting economic globalization, workers, inequality, neoliberal economic policies, and development. Studies on these themes will unfold our understanding of the ongoing economic changes from local to global level and we would be in a better position to explain the nature of emerging economic space.

Revealed comparative advantage for US textiles and apparel

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Saki ◽  
Marguerite Moore ◽  
Ivan Kandilov ◽  
Lori Rothenberg ◽  
A. Blanton Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Industry

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify US textile and apparel (TAP) products and categories that demonstrate export comparative advantage and their respective country destinations. Design/methodology/approach Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and normalized revealed comparative advantage (NRCA) in the long term (1996-2016) and short term (2010-2016) using two-digit Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System codes (HS codes) provide an insight into export advantage of TAP products. Non-parametric rank correlation (i.e. Spearman rank correlation) tests consistency between RCA and NRCA. Subsequently, NRCA using four-digit HS codes identify textile sub-categories with export comparative advantage. Bilateral trade data identify export destinations for sub-categories that indicate US export comparative advantage in the short term. Findings Aggregated product-level comparison of RCA and NRCA ranking indicates a consistent positive correlation between the two indices. The disaggregated findings reveal cotton fiber HS5201, artificial filament tow HS5502, non-wovens HS5603, cotton yarn HS5205, carpet and other floor coverings HS5703 and worn clothing HS6309 as sources of US TAP export advantage. Originality/value This research provides a comprehensive, current analysis of the US competitive position within the TAP global environment. Incorporation of NRCA into the study’s design demonstrates the flexibility of this measure in a new industry context.

scholarly journals Analisis Respon Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Akibat External Shock Amerika Serikat dan China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Alvin Sugeng Prasetyo ◽  
Mochamad Devis Susandika
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the response to Indonesia's economic growth caused by external shocks from the United States and China. The method used is VECM, because it is stationary at I (1) and there is cointegration. The estimation results show that the uncertainty of China's economic policies and the contribution of China's economic growth has a greater effect than the United States on Indonesia's economic growth. The shock of the rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar was better than the rupiah exchange rate against the RMB. The shock of changes in oil prices was responded negatively by changes in Indonesia's economic growth. In the long term, there are no signs of a movement in response to changes in Indonesia's economic growth towards equilibrium (convergence).  

Moving past the vaccine/autism controversy - to examine potential vaccine neurological harms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Peter R. Breggin
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
The Us ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Brain ◽  
New Vaccines

BACKGROUND: The vaccine/autism controversy has caused vast scientific and public confusion, and it has set back research and education into genuine vaccine-induced neurological disorders. The great strawman of autism has been so emphasized by the vaccine industry that it, and it alone, often appears in authoritative discussions of adverse effects of the MMR and other vaccines. By dismissing the chimerical vaccine/autism controversy, vaccine defenders often dismiss all genuinely neurological aftereffects of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) and other vaccines, including well-documented events, such as relatively rare cases of encephalopathy and encephalitis. OBJECTIVE: This report explains that autism is not a physical or neurological disorder. It is not caused by injury or disease of the brain. It is a developmental disorder that has no physical origins and no physical symptoms. It is extremely unlikely that vaccines are causing autism; but it is extremely likely that they are causing more neurological damage than currently appreciated, some of it resulting in psychosocial disabilities that can be confused with autism and other psychosocial disorders. This confusion between a developmental, psychosocial disorder and a physical neurological disease has played into the hands of interest groups who want to deny that vaccines have any neurological and associated neuropsychiatric effects. METHODS: A review of the scientific literature, textbooks, and related media commentary is integrated with basic clinical knowledge. RESULTS: This report shows how scientific sources have used the vaccine/autism controversy to avoid dealing with genuine neurological risks associated with vaccines and summarizes evidence that vaccines, including the MMR, can cause serious neurological disorders. Manufacturers have been allowed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to gain vaccine approval without placebo-controlled clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS: The misleading vaccine autism controversy must be set aside in favor of examining actual neurological harms associated with vaccines, including building on existing research that has been ignored. Manufacturers of vaccines must be required to conduct placebo-controlled clinical studies for existing vaccines and for government approval of new vaccines. Many probable or confirmed neurological adverse events occur within a few days or weeks after immunization and could be detected if the trials were sufficiently large. Contrary to current opinion, large, long-term placebo-controlled trials of existing and new vaccines would be relatively easy and safe to conduct.

Sanctions of the USA and the Policy of Bank of Russia:double Blow to the National Economy

2014 ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glazyev
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Capital Flight ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
The Us ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Simultaneous Adoption ◽  
The Eu

This article examines fundamental questions of monetary policy in the context of challenges to the national security of Russia in connection with the imposition of economic sanctions by the US and the EU. It is proved that the policy of the Russian monetary authorities, particularly the Central Bank, artificially limiting the money supply in the domestic market and pandering to the export of capital, compounds the effects of economic sanctions and plunges the economy into depression. The article presents practical advice on the transition from external to domestic sources of long-term credit with the simultaneous adoption of measures to prevent capital flight.

Endurance of Transnationalism in Bolivia’s Valle Alto

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Jones ◽  
Leonardo De la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foreign Work ◽  
Intentions To Return ◽  
Economic Ties

The increasing difficulty of return migration and the demands for assimilation into host societies suggest a long-term cutting of ties to origin areas—likely accentuated in the Bolivian case by the recent shift in destinations from Argentina to the US and Spain. Making use of a stratified random sample of 417 families as well as ethnographic interviews in the provinces of Punata, Esteban Arze, and Jordán in the Valle Alto region the authors investigate these issues. Results suggest that for families with greater than ten years cumulated foreign work experience, there are significantly more absentees and lower levels of remittances as a percentage of household income. Although cultural ties remain strong after ten years, intentions to return to Bolivia decline markedly. The question of whether the dimunition of economic ties results in long-term village decline in the Valle Alto remains an unanswered.   

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