scholarly journals ‘El Capri Kylex’: A Franciscan astronomical mnemonic

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-288
Author(s):  
Seb Falk
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Astronomical Data ◽  
Memory Techniques

This article examines the role of memory techniques in medieval astronomy. Using a mnemonic written by a Franciscan friar c. 1330 as a case study, it shows how astronomers and astrologers simplified the sky for practical purposes, using verses and codes to make their science memorable. The article decodes the mnemonic and its underlying astronomical data, assessing its usefulness, memorability and adaptability alongside some other popular astronomical and calendrical mnemonics of the later Middle Ages. It argues that astronomical learning could be a creative, playful activity. And it situates the astrological practices of this particular friar, who made wide-ranging annotations in a 13th-century astronomical compendium, within the scientific and educational traditions of his order.

The Sacrality of Things: An Inquiry into Divine Materiality in the Christian Middle Ages

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Walker Bynum
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Comparative Religion ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Important Material ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Western European

Students of comparative religion, cognitive scientists, art historians, and historians sometimes use paradigms from non-western religions to raise questions about the role of material objects in Christianity. Recently, such discussion has focused on images and controversies about them. This article argues that the most important material manifestation of the holy in the western European Middle Ages was the Eucharist and suggests both that understanding it is enhanced by the use of comparative material and that considering it as a case study of divine materiality leads to a more sophisticated formulation of comparative paradigms.

Architekturzeichnung und ihre Rolle beim ­Entwurf komplexer Werksteinkonstruktionen in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit

Architectura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
David Wendland
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Existing Structure

AbstractAlthough the affinity of medieval architectural drawings to the graphic procedures of setting-out has been extensively discussed, the role of scale drawings in the design practice of the late Middle-Ages and the Early Modern period is still subject of debate. This regards also the drawings of complex late Gothic rib vaults. An opportunity for better understanding their precise use and function within the design and planning of complex stone structures is given by a case study on the vault in St. Catherine’s chapel in Strasbourg Cathedral, where an original drawing of the plan can be compared with the existing structure as it was actually built. The vault with looping ribs was completed in 1547. The comparative study of the drawing and the building is based on the previous research on the procedures of stone-planning in late Gothic vaults, and comprises also building archaeology, surveys, and geometric analyses of the vault.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Medieval Warhorse

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-119
Author(s):  
Carly Ameen ◽  
Gary Paul Baker ◽  
Helene Benkert ◽  
Camille Vo Van Qui ◽  
Robert Webley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Landscape Survey ◽  
Material Evidence

The warhorse is arguably the most characteristic animal of the English Middle Ages. But while the development and military uses of warhorses have been intensively studied by historians, the archaeological evidence is too often dispersed, overlooked or undervalued. Instead, we argue that to fully understand the cultural significance and functional role of the medieval warhorse, a systematic study of the full range of archaeological evidence for warhorses (and horses more generally) from medieval England is necessary. This requires engagement with material evidence at a wide variety of scales — from individual artefacts through to excavated assemblages and landscape-wide distributions — dating between the late Saxon and Tudor period (c. AD 800–1600). We present here a case study of our interdisciplinary engaged research design focusing upon an important English royal stud site at Odiham in Hampshire. This brings together several fields of study, including (zoo)archaeology, history, landscape survey, and material culture studies to produce new understandings about a beast that was an unmistakable symbol of social status and a decisive weapon on the battlefield.

scholarly journals Történelemkonstruálás – névkonstruálás

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Language Reform ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 19Th Century

Constructing history – constructing names. Personal names of early Hungarian history and the posterity The topic of the paper is how people of modern times attempt to approach the onomasticon of personal names of the past, of which they lack sufficient knowledge; and how they create a picture of it for themselves and their peers. The paper presents the topic with the help of examples from different eras and genres of cultural history. The paper is based on sources, originating from centuries later, of personal names of the Hungarian Middle Ages, especially the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (the end of the 9th century). In the case of the 13th-century Gesta Hungarorum, the intentions of the author and the methods he applied to create and give personal names to narrate the events of the Conquest, of which he had little knowledge, can be easily identified. The writers and poets of the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century – which was the era of national awakening, language reform and romanticism – also exemplify how authors could use old or create new personal names in their historical works influenced by the conditions of their era. Continuing the topic, the paper discusses the process and methods of renewing the onomasticon of first names in national contexts, the role of first names registries from this point of view, and how these often paint a misleading picture of their subject, and thus Hungarian history. Finally, the paper deals not only with the laic considerations of our oldest personal names, but also with the problems of their discussion from a historical point of view, emphasizing the need to involve not only historical onomastics but also the approaches of literary onomastics, folk and applied onomastics.

Medievalism, Byzantinism, and Bulgarian Politics through the Archival Lens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fani Gargova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Archival Practice ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Source Materials

This chapter explores archival practices and the role of primary source materials in the history of research about the Bulgarian Middle Ages and their connection to nationalism. First, there is an overview on the value of archival descriptions in archival practice, which contribute to the discoverability, usability, accessibility, as well as integrity, of unique, historical collections to the researcher. Second, a case study about the connection of Bogdan Filov, Josef Strzygowski, and Thomas Whittemore is presented, and their investigation of Byzantine and Bulgarian medieval monuments is described in order to show how archival descriptions serve as preconditions for understanding, discovering, and accessing primary source material.

scholarly journals Different Approach to Horses—The Use of Equid Remains in the Early Middle Ages on the Example of Ostrów Tumski in Wroclaw

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2294
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Jaworski ◽  
Aleksandra Pankiewicz ◽  
Aleksander Chrószcz ◽  
Dominik Poradowski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Special Role ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Horse Meat ◽  
The Past

The following article concerns the functional use of horse bones in the early Middle Ages (mainly in the period from the mid of the 10th to the 12th/13th century). The authors try to explain how such remains were used and how common it was. It is also discussed whether the special role of the horse in medieval societies somehow restricted its post-mortem usage, or perhaps there was no difference between the skeletal remains of horses and other species in this regard. For this purpose, statistical calculations on the use of the bones of various mammals were made. Only the remains of the species determined during the archaeozoological analysis were taken into account. The specific use of individual parts of a horse skeleton was also noted. In addition, the analysis also encompasses all other types of horse remains that could be used by humans (hide, hair, etc.). The consumption of horse meat was discussed separately: on the basis of the preserved traces, an attempt was made to determine whether it had happened, and if so, how popular it had been. Overall, such comprehensive analysis aims to show the various roles of the horse. It was not only a mount, but also a beast of burden, a source of food and raw material as well. The main purpose of this study is to describe the role of horses in human medieval societies of Ostrów Tumski on the basis of accessible equid remains. The highlighting of the human–horse relationship in the past allows us to understand the importance and value of the horse both as a life companion and the source of food or leather and bone tools.

scholarly journals La funcionalidad social de los inmuebles urbanos de las élites dirigentes bajomedievales: reflexiones a partir de un caso de estudio (Jerez de la Frontera, España) = The Social Role of the Ruling Elite’s Urban Property in the Late Middle Ages: Thoughts Concerning a Case Study (Jerez de la Frontera, Spain)

2020 ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Enrique José Ruiz Pilares
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Urban Buildings ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

La historiografía europea ha constatado que los inmuebles urbanos eran una fuente de inversión segura que, al mismo tiempo, permitía, en el caso de los grupos dirigentes bajomedievales, construir toda una red de solidaridades y reforzar su estatus social. Para confrontar estas afirmaciones para el caso del reino de Castilla, y especialmente de Andalucía, hemos tomado como caso de estudio Jerez de la Frontera. Esta ciudad, una de las más importantes al sur de Castilla, cuenta con uno de los archivos medievales mejor conservados. A partir de los registros notariales se han estudiado los patrimonios de 45 caballeros que habían formado parte del gobierno urbano durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos (1474-1504). Este estudio nos ha permitido confirmar la funcionalidad social de este tipo de bienes, siendo una de sus manifestaciones más evidentes la ampliación de sus casas palacios, la construcción de capillas o la financiación de edificios religiosos u hospitales.AbstractEuropean scholarship has found that urban buildings were a sound source of investment. Moreover, in the case of medieval elites, it allowed them to build a thorough network of solidarity and to strengthen their social status. To examine these tendencies in the case of the kingdom of Castile, and especially in the region of Andalusia, we have chosen the city of Jerez de la Frontera as a case study. This city, one of the most important in southern Castile, has one of the richest medieval archives. From its notary records, we have examined the property of 45 knights who were part of the municipal government during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs (1474-1504). This study has allowed us to confirm the social role of this type of building, as demonstrated by the extension of its palaces, the construction of chapels or the financing of religious buildings or hospitals.

On the subgenre system in medieval German catholic hymnography

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Koryshev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
German Language ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Special Case

This paper is an analysis of church hymns in the folk language using medieval German-speaking Catholic hymnography as a case study. Understudied by literary scholars, this phenomenon used to be in the center of attention of liturgics scholars. The only exceptions included philological and historical studies of ancient writings in the German language. The existence of church chant (German Kirchenlied) is manifested by a separate genre, which, in contrast to the views of Germanic language philologists in Germany is not a special case of the spiritual song (German Geistliches Lied). In relation to the German Middle Ages, the emergence is described of church hymns as a genre represented by the most ancient artifacts of the German language. A borderline is drawn between seemingly similar phenomena: translations of Latin hymnography into German, which did not always have liturgical / paraliturgical significance, and actual church chants. Analysis of the writings (more than one and a half thousand texts) suggests a six-part subgenre system in medieval German Catholic hymnography (translated hymns, acclamations, leisen, canticles, antiphonic chants, church readings and macaronic songs). The peripheral role of German-speaking church chants in medieval pre-reformation Germany is highlighted.

The role of multiplicity in a cult: A case study

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Worrall ◽  
Ann W. Stockman
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document