A History of Innovations in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral and Head and Neck Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Polverini ◽  
M.W. Lingen
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
Etiological Agents

Historical records as far back as 3000 BCE show that oral and head and neck cancer was a disease process well known to Egyptian physicians. Luminaries such as Hippocrates, Galen, Pott, and Virchow were instrumental in shaping our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of cancer. During the 20th century, evidence-based medicine catalyzed the development of rigorous science-based diagnostic and treatment protocols. The use of surgery, therapeutic radiation, and chemotherapy as single-treatment agents or in combination with one another gradually emerged as the preferred approach to cancer therapy. The recognition of tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus as etiological agents in oral and head and neck cancer prompted the development of new diagnostic aids and treatment strategies to mitigate cancer progression. More in-depth mechanistic insights into the multistep process of oral and head and neck cancer were made possible by the use of the hamster buccal pouch and mouse models. New technologies, such as the sequencing of the human genome, metabolomics, and proteomics, have provided the foundation for what we today call precision medicine. The future success of tailored medical treatment for cancer patients will depend on the discovery of new druggable targets with improved therapeutic efficacy. As the precision and sensitivity of existing tools for prevention and risk assessment improve, greater accuracy will be achieved in predicting health outcomes.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Homotypic Cell Internalization by Nonprofessional Phagocytic Cancer Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Schwegler ◽  
Anna M. Wirsing ◽  
Hannah M. Schenker ◽  
Laura Ott ◽  
Johannes M. Ries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tissue Microarrays ◽  
Cell Internalization ◽  
Cell Structures

Background. In this study, we investigated the prognostic role of homotypic tumor cell cannibalism in different cancer types.Methods. The phenomenon of one cell being internalized into another, which we refer to as “cell-in-cell event,” was assessed in 416 cases from five head and neck cancer cohorts, as well as one anal and one rectal cancer cohort. The samples were processed into tissue microarrays and immunohistochemically stained for E-cadherin and cleaved caspase-3 to visualize cell membranes and apoptotic cell death.Results. Cell-in-cell events were found in all of the cohorts. The frequency ranged from 0.7 to 17.3 cell-in-cell events per mm2. Hardly any apoptotic cells were found within the cell-in-cell structures, although apoptotic cell rates were about 1.6 to two times as high as cell-in-cell rates of the same tissue sample. High numbers of cell-in-cell events showed adverse effects on patients’ survival in the head and neck and in the rectal cancer cohorts. In multivariate analysis, high frequency was an adverse prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer (p=0.008).Conclusion. Cell-in-cell events were found to predict patient outcomes in various types of cancer better than apoptosis and proliferation and might therefore be used to guide treatment strategies.

How Do Head and Neck Cancer Patients Prioritize Treatment Outcomes Before Initiating Treatment?

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcy A. List ◽  
John Stracks ◽  
Laura Colangelo ◽  
Pamela Butler ◽  
Natasha Ganzenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Lower Priority ◽  
Disease Characteristics

PURPOSE: To determine, pretreatment, how head and neck cancer (HNC) patients prioritize potential treatment effects in relationship to each other and to survival and to ascertain whether patients’ preferences are related to demographic or disease characteristics, performance status, or quality of life (QOL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred thirty-one patients were assessed pretreatment using standardized measures of QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck) and performance (Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer). Patients were also asked to rank a series of 12 potential HNC treatment effects. RESULTS: Being cured was ranked top priority by 75% of patients; another 18% ranked it second or third. Living as long as possible and having no pain were placed in the top three by 56% and 35% of patients, respectively. Items that were ranked in the top three by 10% to 24% of patients included those related to energy, swallowing, voice, and appearance. Items related to chewing, being understood, tasting, and dry mouth were placed in the top three by less than 10% of patients. Excluding the top three rankings, there was considerable variability in ratings. Rankings were generally unrelated to patient or disease characteristics, with the exception that cure and living were of slightly lower priority and pain of higher priority to older patients compared with younger patients. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that, at least pretreatment, survival is of primary importance to patients, supporting the development of aggressive treatment strategies. In addition, results highlight individual variability and warn against making assumptions about patients’ attitudes vis-à-vis potential outcomes. Whether patients’ priorities will change as they experience late effects is currently under investigation.

Home and Inpatient Hospice Care of Terminal Head and Neck Cancer Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav P. Talmi ◽  
Michaela Bercovici ◽  
Alexander Waller ◽  
Zeev Horowitz ◽  
Abraham Adunski
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Oral Cavity Tumor

The objective is to evaluate and compare data on a cohort of terminal head and neck cancer (HNC) patients from both home and hospital-based hospice programs and to define the particular problems and needs of those patients. The setting was a tertiary academic referral centre in Tel Hashomer, Israel. We carried out a retrospective survey of patient charts based on hospice databases and death certificates of the hospital tumor registry. Charts of 102 HNC patients admitted to the hospice between 1988 and 1994 and 24 charts of HNC patients cared for by the home hospice program between 1990 and 1994 were studied. Pain, airway problems, and dysphagia were the common problems reported. A comparison of the two programs showed home hospice patients to be younger and with lower pain levels, less weight loss, and less oral candidiasis. There were fewer oral cavity tumor patients in the home hospice group. The incidence of distant metastases was in the 50% range in both groups. Judging by chart entries relating to pain, airway care, and food intake, treatment protocols were effective in both programs in the alleviation of pain and other symptoms. Both programs appeared to provide adequate care for terminal HNC patients. The main differences in care between the two groups stemmed from the decisions of referring physicians and not from a predetermined level of care. The incidence of distant metastases was higher than that reported in earlier clinical series.

scholarly journals The Development and Treatment of Lymphatic Dysfunction in Cancer Patients and Survivors

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2280
Author(s):  
Melissa B. Aldrich ◽  
John C. Rasmussen ◽  
Caroline E. Fife ◽  
Simona F. Shaitelman ◽  
Eva M. Sevick-Muraca
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lymphatic Function

Breast-cancer-acquired lymphedema is routinely diagnosed from the appearance of irreversible swelling that occurs as a result of lymphatic dysfunction. Yet in head and neck cancer survivors, lymphatic dysfunction may not always result in clinically overt swelling, but instead contribute to debilitating functional outcomes. In this review, we describe how cancer metastasis, lymph node dissection, and radiation therapy alter lymphatic function, as visualized by near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging. Using custom gallium arsenide (GaAs)-intensified systems capable of detecting trace amounts of indocyanine green administered repeatedly as lymphatic contrast for longitudinal clinical imaging, we show that lymphatic dysfunction occurs with cancer progression and treatment and is an early, sub-clinical indicator of cancer-acquired lymphedema. We show that early treatment of lymphedema can restore lymphatic function in breast cancer and head and neck cancer patients and survivors. The compilation of these studies provides insights to the critical role that the lymphatics and the immune system play in the etiology of lymphedema and associated co-morbidities.

Angiotensin 1-7 inhibits angiotensin II-stimulated head and neck cancer progression

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Hinsley ◽  
C. E. de Oliveira ◽  
S. Hunt ◽  
R. D. Coletta ◽  
D. W. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neck Cancer

scholarly journals Advances in biomarkers and treatment strategies for HPV-associated head and neck cancer

Oncoscience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 140-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassie Pan ◽  
Wendell G. Yarbrough ◽  
Natalia Issaeva
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Treatment Strategies

scholarly journals Serumal and Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D Levels of Head and Neck Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-43
Author(s):  
Dina Keumala Sari ◽  
Liza Meutia Sari ◽  
Lidya Imelda Laksmi ◽  
Farhat Farhat ◽  
Elvita Rahmi Daulay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Saliva Collection

BACKGROUND: Saliva has been suggested as a substitute of serum for the detection of 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in healthy people. However, investigation of salivary 1,25(OH)D has not been clearly reported. Vitamin plays important roles in inhibiting cancer progression. Current study was conducted to investigate serumal and salivary 25(OH)D) and 1,25(OH)D levels of healthy and head and neck cancer (HNC) subjects.METHODS: Research were conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Forty HNC and 40 healthy subjects were recruited and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medical records were documented, followed by anthropometric evaluation and serum and saliva collection. Laboratory investigation for 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) was performed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.RESULTS: Significant serumal (p=0.002) and salivary (p=0.016) 25(OH)D mean level differences of HNC and normal groups were obtained. More serumal or salivary 25(OH)D deficient subjects were found in control group than those in HNC group. Meanwhile, serumal and salivary 1,25(OH)D mean levels of HNC group were not significantly different with the ones of control group. There were significant correlations of serumal-salivary 25(OH)D as well as serumal-salivary 1,25(OH)D levels in normal group.CONCLUSION: Serumal and salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D levels of HNC group were relatively normal. Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D could be suggested as substitutes for serumal ones.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)D, head and neck cancer

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