scholarly journals Workplace gender equality in the post-pandemic era: Where to next?

2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110351
Author(s):  
Meraiah Foley ◽  
Rae Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Union Action ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed and accelerated many gendered labour market inequalities in Australia and around the world. In this introduction to our special issue, ‘Workplace Gender Equality: Where are we now and where to next?’, we examine the impact of the pandemic on women’s employment, labour force participation, earnings, unpaid care work and experience of gendered violence. We identify five key areas where action is urgently required to create a more equitable post-pandemic recovery: addressing gender-based labour market segregations and discrimination; building access to mutually beneficial flexibility; ensuring a more gender-equitable distribution of unpaid care; confronting gender-based violence at work and beyond; and mobilising union action through gender equality bargaining.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic and Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Razzu
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Distributional Consequences ◽  
Employment Gap ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk

Although the movement towards gender equality in the labour market has slowed in recent decades, a long-term view over the 20th century shows the significant narrowing of the gender employment gap in the UK, a result of the increases in women’s labour force participation and employment combined with falling attachment to the labour force among men. It is too early to assess with precision the extent to which these patterns will be affected by the Covid-19 pandemic but emerging evidence and informed speculation do suggest that there will be important distributional consequences. Various studies, produced at an unprecedented rate, are pointing out that the effects of Covid-19 are not felt equally across the population; on the contrary labour market inequalities appear to be growing in some dimensions and there are reasons to believe that they will grow more substantially in the medium term.

The Impact of Early Life-Course Transitions on Equality at Work and Home

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Ward ◽  
Angela Dale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Life Course Transitions ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates two aspects of the paid employment relationship between female and male partners aged 23. It is argued that in order to understand women's position in the home and the labour market it is necessary to consider employment relationships in the context of the household. The impact of children on women's labour force participation is already well known and in this paper we show that marriage also has an independent effect on hours worked. The second aspect of the paper concerns the relative financial contribution of each partner to the family income from their labour market earnings. It is recognised that power and equality within the home are to some extent derived from the relative contribution of partners to the family income. It is shown that women are economically dependent on men even in the early stages of their partnership before children and that this dependence is greater among women with children.

scholarly journals Is A Gender Analysis of Social Policy Still Required in High Income Countries? A Case Study of The New Zealand Sole Parent Benefit; Objectives and Outcomes

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Katheryn Margaret Pascoe
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Progressive Policy

New Zealand is considered an egalitarian society, with a progressive policy history in promoting gender equality, however, this paper illustrates how social policy does not always support this agenda. The objective of New Zealand Sole Parent Benefit is to provide temporal financial support to sole parents and their dependents while supporting a transition into formal paid employment. While ultimately aimed at increasing the labour force participation of sole parents, this paper queries to what extent the policy has achieved this objective and why. Recipient statistics are disaggregated by gender to highlight the disproportionate impact on, and unequal outcomes for women. Furthermore, a gendered analysis informed by feminist economists Naileer Kabeer, Diane Elson and Nancy Folbre, alongside statistical evidence of a gender pay gap, occupational segregation and motherhood penalty is applied to demonstrate how market constraints affect New Zealand women’s participation in the labour force, and contribute to the counter intuitive policy results. While these factors do not account for individual differences in motivation, nor individual aspirations, unless the gendered nature of the labour market is addressed, women will continue to face higher rates of engagement on the Sole Parent Benefit and continue to experience disproportionate economic disadvantage and financial insecurity. The consistent use of a gendered analysis in policy design and implementation is essential to reduce gender-based disadvantage, even in countries believed to promote gender equality.

scholarly journals Online Activism Against Gender-Based Violence: How African Feminism is Using Twitter for Progress

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 271-286
Author(s):  
Blessing Dachollom Datiri
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
African Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
African Feminism ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Online Activism ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

The chief goal of African feminism has been to better African women’s dire conditions in a mainly patriarchal society. Over the last five years however, the tide appears to be turning as feminists across the continent make greater use of online platforms to work change. This paper discusses the ways in which African women are using Twitter to protest against the abusive conditions women face including early and forced marriages, domestic abuse, abduction, sexual assault, slavery and other forms of genderbased violence. Through the lens of three hashtag campaigns (#BringBackOurGirls, #JusticeforNoura and #JusticeForOchanya), the paper examines the impact of twittering on African gender activism. Through Critical Discussion Analysis of selected tweets three key narratives emerged, constructed by the online activists who took part in the campaigns: Solidarity in Feminist Sisterhood; Gender Equality; and A Call for Justice. The tweets are analysed under these themes showing that the meanings constructed by the activists helped advance the African feminist cause. The paper concludes with the lessons to be drawn from the campaigns, which show social media’s scope for advancing the goals of African feminism.

100 YEARS OF THE ILO AS A CONTEXT FOR A DISCUSSION ON THE FUTURE OF WORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 551 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Jacek Męcina ◽  
Michał Niedziela
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
World Organization ◽  
The Impact

The authors of the article describe the impact of the International Labour Organization on the functioning of the labour markets – in Poland and elsewhere. Due to the changing realities of the world, Organization faces new challenges that require appropriate responses. Technological changes can result in signifi cant adjustments in the economy that will leave many people out of the labour market. At the end of the paper, the authors present reform proposals regarding the quality of work and the functioning of the labour market. Although labour market indicators in Poland are constantly improving, but the attention is shifted to other aspects, for example from fi ghting unemployment to increased promoting labour force participation and employment.

An International Labour Organization instrument on violence against women and men at work: The Australian influence

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-265
Author(s):  
Jane Aeberhard-Hodges ◽  
Ludo McFerran
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Reputational Risk ◽  
Australian Experience ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Impact

Violence in and out of work, both domestic violence and sexual harassment, are violations of human rights and impact heavily in the workplace. All forms of violence result in a high cost for workers, employers and society in general, in lost time, injuries, complaints, staff turnover, loss of skills, and reputational risk. The International Labour Organization has decided to discuss in 2018 an international labour standard on this subject. In Australia, there has been wide recognition for some time of sexual harassment as a significant workplace issue. Now there are greater inroads toward recognizing and addressing the impact of other forms of gender-based violence in the world of work, hence the growing number of clauses in enterprise agreements and state awards aiming to mitigate the impact of domestic violence on workers, both women and men, and the movement to have clauses in modern awards that specify paid time off to allow a worker time to deal with the problem. Australian experience may help shape the proposed International Labour Organization instrument on workplace gendered violence.

Why Is Female Labour Force Participation So Low in India?

Urbanisation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S40-S57
Author(s):  
Deepaboli Chatterjee ◽  
Neelanjan Sircar
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Urban Employment ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact

In this article, we analyse the reasons for low female labour force participation (FLFP) across approximately 14,000 households in the Indian urban clusters of Dhanbad, Indore, Patna and Varanasi. We argue that expectations placed upon women to carry out household duties generate incentives for them to largely seek part-time work near their homes, due to what we term as flexibility and proximity of work. While this characterises most agricultural employment, this is not true of urban employment. Using this framework, we argue that requirements to travel large distances for most jobs put prohibitive costs on women entering the labour market. To empirically test our claims, we conduct a survey experiment on the female respondents who are currently unemployed in our sample to elicit labour market preferences. Our results are striking—women are 12 to 23 percentage points less likely to express a preference for a suitable job if they have to travel one hour to work. The magnitude of these effects is far greater than the impact of the primary wage earner of the household losing their job or other family members assisting the woman in household duties. We conclude the article by discussing the implications for policy.

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONGST WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MWENEZI DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Rugoho ◽  
France Maphosa
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Women With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

This article is based on a study of gender-based violence against women with disabilities. The study sought to examine the factors that make such women vulnerable, to investigate the community’s responses to gender-based violence against women with disabilities, and to determine the impact of gender-based violence on the wellbeing and health of women with disabilities. The study adopted a qualitative research design so as to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. The study sample consisted of 48 disabled women living in marital or common law unions, selected using purposive sampling. Of the 48 women in the sample, 16 were visually impaired while the remaining 32 had other physical disabilities. Focus group discussions were used for data collection. The data were analysed using the thematic approach. The finding was that women with disabilities also experience gender-based violence. The study makes recommendations whose thrust is to change community perceptions on disability as the only guarantee towards eradicating gender-based violence against women with disabilities.

Modelling the cost of ill health in Health&WealthMOD (Version II): lost labour force participation, income and taxation, and the impact of disease prevention

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Schofield ◽  
Rupendra Shrestha ◽  
Emily Callander ◽  
Richard Pervical ◽  
Simon Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact
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