The Relationship of Phonological Awareness, Rapid Naming, and Verbal Memory to Severe Reading and Spelling Disability

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cornwall
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Rapid Naming ◽  
Spelling Disability ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reading And Spelling

Including Neither-Type in the Morningness-Eveningness Dimension Decreases the Robustness of the Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Almirall
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Axillary Temperature ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reduced Scale

The present paper is a study of axillary temperature and performance during the waking part of the day and the relationship of these two variables to Morningness-Eveningness preferences. A reduced scale of the Home and Östberg questionnaire was adapted and standardized for the Spanish population, and 3 groups of subjects were formed (Morning-types: 3 men, 2 women; Neither-type: 3 men, 6 women; Evening-types: 1 man, 4 women). Three different tasks were tested, auditory reaction time (to measure alertness and speed), index finger tapping (motor skill), and verbal memory (information processing). The subjects were tested hourly in 13 sessions spread out over the day. Morningness-Eveningness preference groups did not differ in temperature and performance. Neither-type subjects did not present values intermediate between those of the Morning- and Evening-types.

Relationship of cognitive impairment to psychiatric symptoms in multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1084-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Figved ◽  
R Benedict ◽  
G Klevan ◽  
KM Myhr ◽  
HI Nyland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Psychiatric and cognitive changes are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but their relationship has not received much attention. We studied the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and verbal memory, working memory, and mental speed in 78 patients with MS and 40 healthy control subjects using linear regression analyses. The MS group exhibited impaired performance on all cognitive tests. Apathy was associated with intrusions and depression with impaired memory and mental speed. The association between apathy and intrusions supports the hypothesis that lesions in frontal areas or frontal connections contribute to a specific neuropsychiatric syndrome in patients with MS.

The Relationship of Spelling Recognition, RAN, and Phonological Awareness to Reading Skills in Older Poor Readers and Younger Reading-Matched Controls

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 845-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tami Katzir ◽  
YoungSuk Kim ◽  
Maryanne Wolf ◽  
Becky Kennedy ◽  
Maureen Lovett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship of Reading Abilities With the Underlying Cognitive Skills of Math: A Dimensional Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bernabini ◽  
Paola Bonifacci ◽  
Peter F. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Number Sense ◽  
Number System ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Reading And Math ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
System Knowledge

Math and reading are related, and math problems are often accompanied by problems in reading. In the present study, we used a dimensional approach and we aimed to assess the relationship of reading and math with the cognitive skills assumed to underlie the development of math. The sample included 97 children from 4th and 5th grades of a primary school. Children were administered measures of reading and math, non-verbal IQ, and various underlying cognitive abilities of math (counting, number sense, and number system knowledge). We also included measures of phonological awareness and working memory (WM). Two approaches were undertaken to elucidate the relations of the cognitive skills with math and reading. In the first approach, we examined the unique contributions of math and reading ability, as well as their interaction, to each cognitive ability. In the second approach, the cognitive abilities were taken to predict math and reading. Results from the first set of analyses showed specific effects of math on number sense and number system knowledge, whereas counting was affected by both math and reading. No math-by-reading interactions were observed. In contrast, for phonological awareness, an interaction of math and reading was found. Lower performing children on both math and reading performed disproportionately lower. Results with respect to the second approach confirmed the specific relation of counting, number sense, and number system knowledge to math and the relation of counting to reading but added that each math-related marker contributed independently to math. Following this approach, no unique effects of phonological awareness on math and reading were found. In all, the results show that math is specifically related to counting, number sense, and number system knowledge. The results also highlight what each approach can contribute to an understanding of the relations of the various cognitive correlates with reading and math.

The relationship of character reading and spelling: A longitudinal study in Chinese

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Li ◽  
Xinchun Wu ◽  
Yahua Cheng ◽  
Thi Phuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Character Reading ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reading And Spelling

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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