A Field Investigation of Causal Relations among Cognitions, Affect, Intentions, and Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Bagozzi
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
New Method ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

A new method for representing attitudinal reactions is developed and related to current information integration approaches. Hypotheses are tested about the effects of expectancy-value measures and affect toward the act on intentions and subsequent behavior. The findings lead to a modification and extension of current attitudinal models and their relation to intentions and behavior.

scholarly journals Investigation of the identity of the victim in the investigation of crimes committed with the threat of violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Elena Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
Criminal Intent ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
And Behavior

During the investigation of crimes, the investigator must establish all the circumstances to be proved (article 73 of the criminal procedure code), including the data on the victim. The criminalistic characterization of violent crimes will be complete only if it is supplemented with victimological features, since the personality and behavior of the victim are elements of the external environment that forms criminal intent and the choice of criminal ways to implement it. The use of victimological analysis helps the investigator to put forward versions about the offender and the motives for committing the crime, to determine the tactics of individual investigative actions, to predict the investigative situation and to timely resolve the issue of the application of security measures. In some cases, information about the victim allows to establish data on the identity of the perpetrator, the motives for committing the crime, the reasons for choosing the method of violence, etc. Data on the identity of the victim in the Commission of violent socially dangerous acts is established by forensic (technical-forensic and tactical-forensic), forensic (identification methods, anthropological), forensic-psychiatric (experimental-psychological, clinical-psychopathological) and forensic-procedural methods of cognition. On the example of the criminal cases of robberies studied by the author, it is established that the choice of the method of personality research is largely determined by the method of committing the crime and the subsequent behavior of the victim after committing a criminal act against her. Victimological aspects should be established and taken into account by the investigator during the investigation of criminal cases, the judge - when imposing punishment. Only such an approach can ensure a full, objective and comprehensive investigation of a criminal case and take the necessary preventive measures.

How Leader-Specific Reputations Form and Change across Repeated Interactions

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Danielle L. Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Future Action ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Strategic Interest

This chapter examines how perceptions of a leader's resolve form and change across multiple hypothetical interactions. By using a survey experiment, it reveals that statements create expectations of future action, which then interact with a leader's subsequent behavior to influence participants' perceptions of that leader's resolve. The results further show that early perceptions of a leader's resolve are significantly correlated with participants' later assessments of that leader's resolve, indicating that early interactions and the perceptions that stem from those interactions are highly influential to leader-specific reputational assessments within the experiment. In other words, first impressions matter, as they influence later assessments. Moreover, only certain contextual factors—namely, a preexisting state reputation and state strategic interest in the issue under dispute—create expectations of leader resolve within the experiment. These expectations then interact with a leader's statements and behavior to influence participants' assessments of resolve.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printed PLA and PLA/PHA Dumbbell-Shaped Specimens: Material Defects and Their Impact on Degradation Behavior

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rydz ◽  
Jakub Włodarczyk ◽  
Jennifer Gonzalez Ausejo ◽  
Marta Musioł ◽  
Wanda Sikorska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Printing Direction

The use of (bio)degradable polymers, especially in medical applications, requires a proper understanding of their properties and behavior in various environments. Structural elements made of such polymers may be exposed to changing environmental conditions, which may cause defects. That is why it is so important to determine the effect of processing conditions on polymer properties and also their subsequent behavior during degradation. This paper presents original research on a specimen’s damage during 70 days of hydrolytic degradation. During a standard hydrolytic degradation study of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate dumbbell-shaped specimens obtained by 3D printing with two different processing build directions, exhibited unexpected shrinkage phenomena in the last degradation series, representing approximately 50% of the length of the specimens irrespective of the printing direction. Therefore, the continuation of previous ex-ante research of advanced polymer materials is presented to identify any possible defects before they arise and to minimize the potential failures of novel polymer products during their use and also during degradation. Studies on the impact of a specific processing method, i.e., processing parameters and conditions, on the properties expressed in molar mass and thermal properties changes of specimens obtained by three-dimensional printing from polyester-based filaments, and in particular on the occurrence of unexpected shrinkage phenomena after post-processing heat treatment, are presented.

Explore Information Technology Application in Anthropology Field Investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 1927-1930
Author(s):  
Shang Qing Ge
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
New Method ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Virtual Field ◽  
Information Technology Application

With development of science technology and increasingly communication of different humanity, original attribute of traditional anthropology research object constantly disappear. Anthropology “field” changes from space in geographical sense to a broader sense of Social-politic networks localities. And with the Internet as the representative of information technology, which is diverse and interactive and has hypertext features, it provides a new method and possibility to data collection, investigation techniques and virtual field construction in anthropological field investigation. By exploring the application of information technology in the field investigation, important path of field investigation and development of ethnography can be searched. With rethinking tradition, it can keep dialogue with new technology.

Passenger thermal comfort and behavior: a field investigation in commercial aircraft cabins

Indoor Air ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cui ◽  
T. Wu ◽  
Q. Ouyang ◽  
Y. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Aircraft Cabins ◽  
And Behavior

An Affect-Trust (A-T) Model With Regards to Technological Errors

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1150-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle Schwark ◽  
Stephen Rice
Keyword(s):  
Trust Model ◽  
Smoke Detector ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Multiple Process ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Much research has differentiated between the effects of automation false alarms and misses on operator trust and subsequent behavior. Further research has demonstrated that trust is a multiple-process construct that mediates the relationship between automation errors and behavior. The purpose of the current study was to expand on this model by incorporating affect as a mediating variable between smoke detector errors and trust. This expanded model, which we refer to as the Affect-Trust model, is supported by two experiments. The experiments involved mediation analyses, which revealed that affect almost totally mediates the relationship between both types of smoke detector errors and trust.

scholarly journals Spectrogram cross-correlation can be used to measure the complexity of bird vocalizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyash Sawant ◽  
Chiti Arvind ◽  
Viral Joshi ◽  
V. V. Robin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
New Method ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Song Complexity ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
And Behavior

Birdsong is an important signal in mate attraction and territorial defense. Quantifying the complexity of these songs can shed light on individual fitness, sexual selection, and behavior. Several techniques have been used to quantify song complexity and be broadly categorized into diversity indices, measures of stationary probabilities, and measures of sequential variations. However, these methods are unable to account for important acoustic features like the frequency bandwidth and the variety in the shape of syllables which are an integral part of these vocal signals. This study proposes a new complexity measure that considers intra-song note variability and calculates a weighted index for birdsongs using spectral cross-correlation. We compared the previously described methods to understand the advantages and limitations based on the factors that would be affecting the complexity of songs. We developed a new method- Note Variability Index (NVI), which incorporates the spectral features of notes while quantifying complexity. This measure alleviates the need for manual annotations of notes that can be error-prone. We used Spectrogram Cross-Correlation (SPCC) to compare notes within a song and used the output values to quantify song complexity. To check for the efficacy of the new method, we generated synthetic songs to caricature extremes in song complexity and compared selected conventional complexity measures along with the NVI. We provide case-specific limitations of these methods. Additionally, to examine the efficacy of this new method in real-world scenarios, we used natural birdsongs from multiple species across the globe with varying song structures to compare conventional methods with NVI. To our knowledge, NVI is the only song complexity method that captures the variation of spectral features of notes in songs where the conventional methods fail to distinguish between similar song structures with different note types. As NVI does not need a manual classification of notes, it can be easily implemented for any type of birdsong with existing sound analysis softwares; it is very quick, avoids the possible biases in note classification, and can possibly be automated for large datasets in the future.

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