Exploratory Investigation of Perceptions of Influences on Best-Friend Relationships

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Female Subjects

24 male and 24 female college undergraduates (aged 18 to 50 yr.) responded to close-ended and open-ended questions concerning a relationship with a male or female best friend. Subjects rated important variables derived from theory and previous attraction-friendship research. There was no evidence for gender differences except that “shared interests” and “stability of relationship” were more important for friendships with a male, and female subjects rated “boost each other's egos” as more important than males did. Physical attractiveness was more important for other-sex relationships than for same sex. Self-generated characteristics suggested important variables not included in social psychological literature.

Adults' Perceptions of Children's Independence and other Sex-Role Characteristics as a Function of Child's Gender Label

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Bell ◽  
Kay Hibbs ◽  
Thomas Milholland
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Opposite Sex

Male and female college students were presented with a photograph labeled as a 5-yr.-old boy or girl and heard statements attributed to the child. They then rated the child on sex-role traits and responded to open-ended questions about the child. The primary findings involved sex of child by sex of adult interactions on ratings of independence and leadership: in both cases, same-sex children were rated higher than opposite-sex children. There was also some evidence that women having high contact with children rated the child more extremely on opposite-sex traits than did those with little contact.

scholarly journals Suicide Notes: Exaggerations by Males and Females

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Purbo Kusumastuti ◽  
Aulia Apriana ◽  
Yazid Basthomi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Female Subjects

Touching into the gender differences between males and females in expressing the use of exaggeration expressions, this study analyzes the relevant data using the LIWC tool, the HIP method, and the deficit and difference theories. This study found that in relation to the gender stereotypes, both males and females speak differently, yet also demonstrate similarities. Both the male and female subjects express emotions equally in the language production; yet, the negative emotions are dominated by the males, and the positive emotions are dominated by the females. The difference of emotion productions influences the differences in the males’ production of exaggeration expressions, such as empty adjectives, italic expressions, and hyperbole by the female subjects.  

scholarly journals Employee work stress based on gender differences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Syafrizaldi Syafrizaldi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Female Subjects

This study aims to see employee work stress reviewed from gender differences during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research involved employees at PT. Saka Mitra Sejati Medan. The results showed that there was a difference in work stress between male and female employees. The statistical calculations of empirical mean scores showed that subjects of the male gender had a lower average empirical mean score of 29.67, while the average empirical mean value of female subjects was 30.47. Thus, during the Pandemic, female employees had higher levels of work stress compared to male employees.

Body Build Satisfaction and the Congruency of Body Build Perceptions

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Norman Hankins ◽  
Roger C. Ailey
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Female Subjects

Female subjects were classified as satisfied (n = 15) or dissatisfied (n = 15) with their body build and were administered the Somatotype Rating Scale. The SRS allowed subjects to rate their own body build, their wished for body build, the typical female body build, and the body build of a same-sex best friend and a dating partner. Compared with dissatisfied subjects, satisfied subjects showed greater congruency between their own and wished-for body build, and greater congruency between their own and friend/date body builds, but less congruency between their own body build and the female body build stereotype.

Cognitive Differences between the Sexes in Memory for Names and Faces

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Borges ◽  
Linda S. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Cognitive Differences ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Face Matching ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Test Female ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Female Subjects

22 male and 22 female college students were shown 30 pairs of faces and names to learn. Subsequent tests indicated that all students recognized more female stimuli than male stimuli and more names than faces. On the name-face matching test, female subjects performed better than did males, and male and female stimuli were matched equivalently.

Eye Contact, Facial Expression, Sex, and the Violation of Personal Space

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Hughes ◽  
Morton Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Confederate ◽  
Female Subjects

Two experiments carried out in a public elevator examined how variations in eye contact, facial expression, sex of subject and of experimental confederate affected the violation of personal space. The first experiment “forced” subjects (79 females and 105 males) to violate the personal space of male of female confederates who were either directing their gazes at the subjects or were avoiding eye contact by having their backs to entering passengers. In the first condition the confederates were both male while in the second condition both confederates were female. For male subjects, as eye contact increased from male and female confederates, violations of personal space decreased. Male subjects preferred to violate the personal space of the confederates who had their backs to them, regardless of the sex of the confederates. Female and male subjects responded similarly when the confederates were males. However, when the confederates were females, female subjects preferred to violate the space of the female confederate who gazed at them rather than the female confederate who had her back to them. In the second experiment the subjects (86 females and 90 males) were again “forced” to violate the personal space of two confederates of the same sex. In each of two conditions one of the confederates avoided gazing at entering subjects but the second confederate smiled while gazing directly at the entering subjects. Male subjects again preferred to violate the personal space of the confederate whose back was to them, regardless of the confederate's sex. Female subjects, however, preferred to violate the personal space of confederates who smiled while gazing directly at the entering subjects. This occurred for both male and female confederates.

RACE AND PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS AS CRITERIA FOR WHITE SUBJECTS' DATING CHOICES

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bem. P. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
White Male ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Female Subjects

Research involving race as a criterion for various social choices indicates that race may rival attractiveness for the determination of dating choices. This possibility was explored in two experiments involving “desirability for a date” ratings of black and white stimulus persons who varied in attractiveness. Experiment 1 results indicated that white male and female subjects gave appreciable weight to race and attractiveness, but females gave race more weight than attractiveness, while attractiveness was given more weight than race by males. The interaction between race and attractiveness had approximately the same form for males and females: attractive black stimulus persons were lumped together with unattractive stimulus persons.Female subjects in Experiment 2, who were informed about an opportunity to date a stimulus person of their choice before seeing slides of stimulus persons, tended to discount attractiveness as a criterion for choices. None of these subjects were willing to accept an actual date. It was noted that race may be a stronger rival to attractiveness relative to the more abstract factors with which attractiveness has been compared, because race, like attractiveness, is highly concrete and visible.

Gender Differences in Characteristics Reported to Be Important Features of Physical Attractiveness

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1539-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine L. Pedersen ◽  
Nancy L. Markee ◽  
Carol J. Salusso
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Western State ◽  
Body Build ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Physically Attractive ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether characteristics of physical attractiveness named by respondents as important would differ from those attributes previously examined by researchers. Gender differences related to the identification of important characteristics of physical attractiveness were also explored. Subjects, 230 male and 240 female undergraduates at two western state universities, completed a self-administered questionnaire. Respondents agreed that body build was the characteristic of greatest importance for both physically attractive males and females. Other important characteristics for physically attractive males were eyes, face, height, and hair and for females, hair, face, and eyes. Other than body build, there was no consistent ranking of characteristics by male and female respondents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document