Perception of Unilateral Lower Extremity Weightbearing during Bilateral Upright Stance

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon ◽  
Gregory Waters ◽  
Judith Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Upright Stance ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
The Mean

The primary purpose of this study was to describe the error in 61 healthy subjects’ perceptions of weight-bearing at three target levels during bilateral upright stance. The secondary purpose was to describe the effects of age, sex, lower extremity dominance and target weightbearing level on the error in perceptions of weightbearing. Weightbearing was determined while subjects stood on digital scales. They adjusted their weight in an attempt to bear 25, 50, and 75% of their weight through a designated lower extremity. Three trials were allowed at each weightbearing target, and the results were averaged. Each subject's error in perception of weightbearing at each target level was determined by taking the absolute value of the target percent weightbearing minus the mean actual percent weightbearing. The mean errors at the 25, 50, and 75% targets were 7.3, 3.3, and 7.7%, respectively. The magnitude of the error was unrelated to age. An analysis of variance showed that error was not dependent on sex or whether the dominant lower extremity was used for making judgements. The error did differ between target levels. Clinicians cannot assume, based on the findings of this study, that individuals can accurately judge the percent weightbearing they are placing through one of their lower extremities during bilateral upright stance.

Perception of Unilateral Weightbearing during Unilateral and Bilateral Upright Stance

1990 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Schaefer ◽  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Upright Stance ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Bilateral Group ◽  
Single Scale ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Unilateral Group

To compare the effect of stance (unilateral vs bilateral) and of weightbearing target (25%, 50%, 75%) on error in weightbearing perception, two groups, unilateral and bilateral, of 30 comparable subjects were tested. Weightbearing was measured while subjects stood on digital scales; bilateral stance was accomplished using two scales, and unilateral stance was accomplished using a walker and a single scale. The subject's error in perceiving weightbearing at each target level was assessed by taking the absolute value of the target percent weightbearing minus the mean actual percent weightbearing. The mean errors at the 25, 50 and 75% targets were 6.5, 3.2, 17.6% for the unilateral group and 3.1, 1.4, 3.8% for the bilateral group. A two-way analysis of variance indicated the magnitude of error differed between groups and target levels, with a greater over-all error displayed by the unilateral weightbearing group. Our results suggest that adults are less accurate in judging weightbearing while standing on one, rather than on two, lower extremities. Clinicians should not expect patients to follow accurately instructions to weightbear at a specific percentage of full weight, particularly when using an assistive device to adjust weightbearing.

scholarly journals Stabilizing function of the diaphragm: dynamic MRI and synchronized spirometric assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kolar ◽  
J. Sulc ◽  
M. Kyncl ◽  
J. Sanda ◽  
J. Neuwirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Dynamic Mri ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities

The aim was to describe diaphragmatic behavior during postural limb activities and examine the ventilatory and stabilizing functions of the diaphragm. Thirty healthy subjects were examined in the supine position using a dynamic MRI system assessed simultaneously with specialized spirometric readings. The diaphragmatic excursions (DEs) were measured at three diaphragmatic points in the sagittal plane; the diaphragm positions (DPs) as related to a reference horizontal baseline were determined. Measurements were taken during tidal breathing (TB) and isometric flexion of upper or lower extremities against external resistance together with TB. Mean DE in both upper and lower postural limb activities was greater compared with the TB condition ( P < 0.05), with the effect greater for lower limb activities. Inspiratory DPs in the upper and lower extremity activities were lower compared with TB alone ( P < 0.01). Expiratory DP was lower only for lower extremity activities ( P < 0.01). DP was most affected at the apex of the crescent and crural (posterior) portion of the diaphragm. DEs correlated strongly with tidal volume (Vt) in all conditions. Changes in DEs relative to the initial value were minimal for upper and lower extremities but were related to lower values of Vt ( P < 0.03). Significant involvement of the diaphragm in the limb postural activities was found. Resulting DEs and DPs differed from the TB conditions, especially in lower extremity activities. The differences between the percent changes of DEs vs. Vt found for lower extremity activities were confirmed by both ventilatory and postural diaphragm recruitment in response to postural demands.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the reliability of lower extremity alignment measurements using EOS imaging system while standing in an even weight-bearing posture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Woo Cho ◽  
Tae-Ho Lee ◽  
Sungjun Kim ◽  
Chong-Hyuk Choi ◽  
Min Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Tibial Torsion ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Eos Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the reproducibility and reliability of the alignment parameters measured using the EOS image system in both limbs while standing with an even weight-bearing posture. Overall, 104 lower extremities in 52 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients stood with an even load over both lower extremities then rotated 15° in both directions. Two EOS images were acquired and 104 pairs of lower extremities were compared according to the position of the indexed lower extremities. Then, the inter-observer reliability of the EOS system and the inter-modality reliability between EOS and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated. Femoro-tibial rotation (FTR) and tibial torsion demonstrated a significant difference between the anterior and posterior positions of the indexed lower extremity. In the inter-observer reliability analysis, all values except for FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated good or very good reliability. In the anterior position, FTR demonstrated moderate, and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the posterior position, both FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the reliability analysis between the three-dimensional (3D) EOS model and 3D CT images, all measurements of the femur demonstrated very good reliability, but measurements of the tibia did not. For the coronal and sagittal alignment parameters measured by the EOS 3D system with rotated standing posture, except for the measurement including tibial torsion., there were no significant difference for either position of the indexed extremities with high agreement between the observers as well as with the CT 3D model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Reliability of Lower Extremity Alignment Measurements Using EOS Imaging System While Standing in an Even Weight-Bearing Posture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Woo Cho ◽  
Tae-Ho Lee ◽  
Sungjun Kim ◽  
Chong-Hyuk Choi ◽  
Min Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Tibial Torsion ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Eos Imaging ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the reproducibility and reliability of the alignment parameters measured using the EOS image system in both limbs while standing with an even weight-bearing posture.Methods: Overall, 104 lower extremities in 52 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The patients stood with an even load over both lower extremities then rotated 15° in both directions. Two EOS images were acquired and 104 pairs of lower extremities were compared according to the position of the indexed lower extremities. Then, the inter-observer reliability of the EOS system and the inter-modality reliability between EOS and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated.Results: Femoro-tibial rotation (FTR) and tibial torsion demonstrated a significant difference between the anterior and posterior positions of the indexed lower extremity. All values except for FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated good or very good reliability. In the anterior position, FTR demonstrated moderate, and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the posterior position, both FTR and tibial torsion demonstrated poor reliability. In the reliability analysis between the three-dimensional (3D) EOS model and 3D CT images, all measurements of the femur demonstrated very good reliability, but measurements of the tibia did not.Conclusions: For the coronal and sagittal alignment parameters measured by the EOS 3D system with rotated standing posture, except for the measurement including tibial torsion., there were no significant difference for either position of the indexed extremities with high agreement between the observers as well as with the CT 3D model.

scholarly journals Problems of rendering primary prosthetic and orthopedic help in the megapolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
V G Suslyaev ◽  
O N Vladimirova ◽  
A V Sokurov ◽  
T V Ermolenko ◽  
Yu I Zhdanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Express Method ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Early Primary

On the basis of studying of statistical data, medical documents, results of the carried-out questioning in 2012-2015 the specific weight of the patients who have transferred amputation of the lower extremity owing to complications of diabetes and the obliterating diseases of vessels of the lower extremities, their distribution for the reason and level of amputating defects is estimated. Circulation periods of citizens on primary prosthetics of the lower extremities are studied and analysed. The problems of primary prosthetics connected with presence at patients of the accompanying pathology of the blood circulatory system, breath and the musculoskeletal device are designated. The prevalence of elderly people with amputating defects of the lower extremities is revealed. Features of prosthetics for elderly people, which have decreasing of weight-bearing on safe lower extremity, physical weakness, decreasing of the cognitive functions leading to difficulty of use of technical means of rehabilitation, decrease in learning ability to skills of use of artificial limbs is characteristic are specified. Problems of early rendering the prosthetic and orthopedic help and primary prosthetics of patients after amputation of the lower extremities in the megalopolis are considered. The new technology of early primary prosthetics of the lower extremities developed by specialists of Federal Scientific Center Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrecht is presented by express method. Results of introduction of modern techniques of prosthetics by express method and their value for rendering primary parotezno-ortopedicheskoyy the help in the megalopolis are discussed. This type of the help can be rendered before formation of the individual program of rehabilitation and an abilitation of disabled people in the conditions of the medical organizations when rendering out-patient and stationary medical care. Rendering early primary prosthetic and orthopedic help is feasible when healing a wound of a stump after amputation, lack of contraindications to prosthetics, high motivation of the patient. Advantages of this technology of early primary prosthetics by express method is restoration of ability of the patient to movement and self-service, decrease in dependence on assistance and leaving, prevention of emergence of some defects and diseases of a stump at uluchsheny the general condition of an organism.

Application of Stabilometry at Orthopaedic Clinic in Lower Extremity Joints Pathology

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Nazarov ◽  
A V Seleznev ◽  
M N Ryabova ◽  
E A Nazarov ◽  
A V Seleznyov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Ankle Arthrodesis ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Orthopaedic Clinic ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment

Weight bearing response in patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases and sequelae of hip, knee and ankle injuries was studied using the elaborated hardware-software stabilometric comp-lex Appliance for Registration and Analysis of Distribution of Loads to Lower Extremities. Evaluation of the efficacy of conservative and surgical treatment was performed. New data on stabilometric status of patients after hip joint arthroplasty and ankle arthrodesis were obtained.

scholarly journals Lower extremity alignment due to patellofemoral syndrome and dynamic postural balance

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949901990081
Author(s):  
Yildiz Erdoganoglu ◽  
Murad Pepe ◽  
Defne Kaya ◽  
Bilgehan Tagrikulu ◽  
Ertugrul Aksahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Limb Alignment ◽  
Lower Limb Alignment ◽  
The Mean

Study design: This study is a prospective study. Aim: Lower extremity malalignment is an important etiologic factor in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). We hypothesized that lower limb malalignment may affect dynamic balance and physical function. This prospective study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the lower limb alignment and the dynamic balance and physical function in patients with PFPS. Methods: The study included 62 individuals with unilateral PFPS. Pain severity was assessed by the numerical pain scale and the pain duration was recorded. Lower extremity bone alignment was evaluated by the lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and the medial proximal tibia angle. Dynamic postural balance was assessed by the star excursion balance test. The functional status of the patients was evaluated by the 30-second chair stand test. Results: The mean duration of the pain was 24.2 ± 31.5 months and the mean pain severity was 8.1 ± 1.4. Although there was a significant difference found between the affected and unaffected LDFA values of lower extremities ( p < 0.05), there was no difference found with regard to the dynamic balance values of the lower extremities ( p > 0.05). However, significant changes of posterolateral balance were identified at a painful side without causing a postural dynamic imbalance ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we found a valgus deformity as a deterioration in the lower limb alignment of patients with PFPS which may cause a deterioration of posterolateral balance only. However, no change in postural dynamic balance was observed in the comparison of affected side and unaffected side. Dynamic postural balance has been influenced by many kinematic changes related to lower extremities including pelvis, hip, and ankle. Thus, reciprocal mechanisms in the anatomical structures may compensate the postural balance dynamically.

Regional Frontal Lobe Response Magnitudes During Affective Shifting Covary With Resting Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Volunteers

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Smith ◽  
John J.B. Allen ◽  
Julian F. Thayer ◽  
Richard D. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Cardiac Vagal Control ◽  
Resting Heart Rate Variability

Abstract. We hypothesized that in healthy subjects differences in resting heart rate variability (rHRV) would be associated with differences in emotional reactivity within the medial visceromotor network (MVN). We also probed whether this MVN-rHRV relationship was diminished in depression. Eleven healthy adults and nine depressed subjects performed the emotional counting stroop task in alternating blocks of emotion and neutral words during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The correlation between rHRV outside the scanner and BOLD signal reactivity (absolute value of change between adjacent blocks in the BOLD signal) was examined in specific MVN regions. Significant negative correlations were observed between rHRV and average BOLD shift magnitude (BSM) in several MVN regions in healthy subjects but not depressed subjects. This preliminary report provides novel evidence relating emotional reactivity in MVN regions to rHRV. It also provides preliminary suggestive evidence that depression may involve reduced interaction between the MVN and cardiac vagal control.

Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu ◽  
Judy Hayman ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Debbie Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Normative Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

METHODOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF HUMAN THYROTROPHIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Gordin ◽  
Pirkko Saarinen
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Double Antibody ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Initial Binding ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT An account is given of a methodological study of the double-antibody radioimmunoassay of human TSH, using highly purified labelled human TSH as tracer. It was shown that conventional paper electrophoresis was not adequate for studying the purity of labelled human TSH. When polyvinylchloride (Pevikon®) electrophoresis was used, four subfractions could still be separated, even though, on paper electrophoresis, the material seemed to be homogeneous. Only two of the four Pevikon fractions were immunoreactive. Purification of labelled human TSH by Pevikon electrophoresis also improved the sensitivity of the assay. Specific activities of about 100 mCi/mg gave the highest initial binding capacity, produced least damage to the labelled hormone and showed the best stability of the tracer without influencing the sensitivity of the method. In different storage conditions, labelled human TSH was found to be most stable at −20°C and diluted 1/100. Only in pregnancy did the addition of HCG seem necessary. The mean TSH value in healthy subjects was 3.6 ± 1.4 μU/ml (mean±sd) with a range from 1.6 μU/ml to 8.8 μU/ml.

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