scholarly journals Co-Authorship Network Analysis of Prevention Research Centers: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
Rose A. Marcelin ◽  
Kristina M. Rabarison ◽  
Monika K. Rabarison
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Closeness Centrality ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Network Density ◽  
First Year ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Research Centers ◽  
Community Agencies ◽  
High Betweenness ◽  
Information Brokers

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Prevention Research Centers (PRCs) collaborate on public health activities with community agencies and organizations. We evaluated these collaborations by studying the relationships between co-authors from the PRCs and community agencies that published at least 1 article together in the first year of the program. Methods: We identified all the authors of articles published by PRCs and collaborating members in peer-reviewed journals between September 2014 and September 2015 and constructed a network showing the links between and among all the authors. We characterized the network with 4 measures of social structure (network components, network density, average clustering coefficient, average distance) and 3 measures of individual author performances (degree-, betweenness-, and closeness-centrality). Results: The 413 articles had 1804 individual authors and 7995 co-authorship relationships (links) in 212 peer-reviewed journals. These authors and co-authors formed 44 separate, nonoverlapping groups (components). The largest “giant” component containing most of the links involved 66.3% (n = 1196) of the authors and 73.7% (n = 5889) of the links. We identified 136 “information brokers” (authors with high closeness centrality: those who have the shortest links to the most authors). Two authors with high betweenness centrality (who had the highest number of co-authors; 104 and 107) had the greatest ability to mediate co-authorships. Network density was low; only 0.5% of all potential co-authorships were realized (7995 actual co-authorship/1 628 110 potential co-authorships). Conclusion: Information brokers and co-authorship mediators should be encouraged to communicate more with each other to increase the number of collaborations between network members and, hence, the number of co-authorships.

Prevention Research Centers Program: Researcher-Community Partnership for High-Impact Results

2014 ◽  
pp. 248-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Hawkins-Cox ◽  
Jeffrey R. Harris ◽  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Alice S. Ammerman ◽  
Barbara Sajor Gray
Keyword(s):  
High Impact ◽  
Community Partnership ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Research Centers

scholarly journals Network structure of UEFA Champions League teams: association with classical notational variables and variance between different levels of success

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Clemente ◽  
F. M. L. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Network Measures ◽  
Network Process ◽  
General Network ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the general properties of the network of elite football teams that participated in UEFA Champions League 2015–2016. Analysis of variance of the general network measures between performances in competition was made. Moreover, the association between performance variables (goals, shots, and percentage of ball possession) and general network measures also was tested. The best sixteen teams that participated in UEFA Champions League 2015–2016 were analysed in a total of 109 official matches. Statistically significant differences between maximum stages in competition were found in total links (p = 0.003; ES = 0.087), network density (p = 0.003; ES = 0.088), and clustering coefficient (p = 0.007; ES = 0.078). Total links (r = 0.439; p = 0.001), network density (r = 0.433; p = 0.001) and clustering coefficient (r = 0.367; p = 0.001) had a moderate positive correlations with percentage of ball possession. This study revealed that teams that achieved the quarterfinals and finals had greater values of general network measures than the remaining teams, thus suggesting that higher values of homogeneity in network process may improve the success of the teams. Moderate correlations were found between ball possession and the general network measures suggesting that teams with more capacity to perform longer passing sequences may involve more players in a more homogeneity manner.

SYNCHRONIZATION IN THE FAMILY OF CHAOTIC SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIANGMING HE ◽  
DUANWEN SHI
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic System ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Small World ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Characteristic Path Length ◽  
Unified Chaotic System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Regular Networks ◽  
High Degree

In this paper we investigate by computer simulation the synchronizability of the family of small-world networks, which consists of identical chaotic units, such as the Lorenz chaotic system, the Chen chaotic system, Lü chaotic system, and the unified chaotic system (unit). It is shown that for weak coupling, synchronization clusters emerge in the networks whose disorder probabilities p are large but do not emerge in the networks whose disorder probabilities p are small; while for strong coupling under which the regular networks do not exhibit synchronization, all dynamical nodes, behaving as in the random networks, mutually synchronize in the networks which own very small disorder probability p and have both high degree of clustering and small average distance. Based on the concepts of clustering coefficient C(p), characteristic path length L(p) and global efficiency E(G), these phenomena are discussed briefly.

scholarly journals Complex networks, streamflow, and hydrometric monitoring system design

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 13663-13710 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Halverson ◽  
S. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Small World ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Network Stability ◽  
Meteorological Forcing ◽  
Coast Mountains ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Seasonal Flow ◽  
High Betweenness ◽  
Community Detection Algorithm

Abstract. Network theory is applied to an array of streamflow gauges located in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia and Yukon, Canada. The goal of the analysis is to assess whether insights from this branch of mathematical graph theory can be meaningfully applied to hydrometric data, and more specifically, whether it may help guide decisions concerning stream gauge placement so that the full complexity of the regional hydrology is efficiently captured. The streamflow data, when represented as a complex network, has a global clustering coefficient and average shortest path length consistent with small-world networks, which are a class of stable and efficient networks common in nature, but the results did not clearly suggest a scale-free network. Stability helps ensure that the network is robust to the loss of nodes; in the context of a streamflow network, stability is interpreted as insensitivity to station removal at random. Community structure is also evident in the streamflow network. A community detection algorithm identified 10 separate communities, each of which appears to be defined by the combination of its median seasonal flow regime (pluvial, nival, hybrid, or glacial, which in this region in turn mainly reflects basin elevation) and geographic proximity to other communities (reflecting shared or different daily meteorological forcing). Betweenness analyses additionally suggest a handful of key stations which serve as bridges between communities and might therefore be highly valued. We propose that an idealized sampling network should sample high-betweenness stations, as well as small-membership communities which are by definition rare or undersampled relative to other communities, while retaining some degree of redundancy to maintain network robustness.

scholarly journals Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) running the gauntlet: an evaluation of translocations into free-range environments in Namibia

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian J. Weise ◽  
Joseph R. Lemeris ◽  
Stuart J. Munro ◽  
Andrew Bowden ◽  
Cicelia Venter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Release Site ◽  
First Year ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Acinonyx Jubatus ◽  
Free Range

Following dramatic range and population declines, the cheetah is Africa’s most endangered large felid. In Namibia, private land managers still trap cheetahs but increasingly consider moving animals instead of killing them. Across Africa, managers have translocated perceived conflict carnivores for decades, but rarely evaluated their actions. We analyse the outcomes of 15 cheetah translocations (for 23 adults and 10 dependent offspring) into free-range environments in Namibia. We released cheetahs at an average distance of 419.6 km ± 216.1 km SD (range: 71–816 km) after captive periods ranging from 1–1,184 days (350.6 days ± 439.0 days SD). An individual’s ability to survive the first year predominantly determined the overall translocation success of 40%. Post-release conflict and homing had less impact on success. Cheetah survival was lowest in the first three months after release. Human persecution (50% of deaths) and spotted hyaenas (29% of deaths) had the highest effect on survival. The degree of habituation to humans acquired during captivity significantly influenced chances of survival. Cheetahs surviving the initial post-release period (∼90 days) often settled into ranges and females reproduced successfully. However, all individuals exhibited extensive movements, frequently roaming >4,000 km2in the first six months after release (with a maximum of 19,743 km2in 112 days), resulting in low release site fidelity. Soft release and larger recipient area size did not improve site fidelity. Based on these outcomes, we evaluated which unfenced conservation areas in Namibia could potentially receive cheetahs. We found that there are currently few public and/or private reserves large enough to contain the movement profiles we observed in this study. This suggests that most translocations will result in cheetahs re-entering farmlands where they face a high risk of persecution. In conclusion, translocations into unconfined areas can successfully conserve individual cheetahs. Due to high mortality and unpredictable outcomes, however, conservation efforts need to focus on improving tolerance of cheetahs in commercial livestock and game farming areas in order to reduce the number of indiscriminately trapped animals.

Basic Structural Properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginestra Bianconi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Degree Distribution ◽  
Betweenness Centrality ◽  
Closeness Centrality ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Multilayer Networks ◽  
Clustering Coefficients

In this chapter the basic structural properties of multilayer networks are given. This chapter reveals that on multilayer networks the most basic structural properties of a network such as the degree or the clustering coefficient are also significantly modified. Therefore, it is necessary to define the multiplex degree and the multiplex degree distribution, the multilayer degree and the multilayer degree distribution, and the multilayer clustering coefficients. The chapter also discusses the relation between the properties of multiplex and multi-slice networks and the corresponding properties of their aggregated network. Finally, the chapter introduces multilayer distance-dependent measures, including generalization of the betweenness centrality (interdependence, cross-betweenness) and of the closeness centrality.

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