scholarly journals Book Review: Specific Tumor Antigens

1968 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-206
Author(s):  
P Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Specific Tumor

scholarly journals Therapeutic Cancer Vaccination with Immunopeptidomics-Discovered Antigens Confers Protective Antitumor Efficacy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3408
Author(s):  
Karita Peltonen ◽  
Sara Feola ◽  
Husen M. Umer ◽  
Jacopo Chiaro ◽  
Georgios Mermelekas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Peptide Ligands ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines

Knowledge of clinically targetable tumor antigens is becoming vital for broader design and utility of therapeutic cancer vaccines. This information is obtained reliably by directly interrogating the MHC-I presented peptide ligands, the immunopeptidome, with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. Our manuscript describes direct identification of novel tumor antigens for an aggressive triple-negative breast cancer model. Immunopeptidome profiling revealed 2481 unique antigens, among them a novel ERV antigen originating from an endogenous retrovirus element. The clinical benefit and tumor control potential of the identified tumor antigens and ERV antigen were studied in a preclinical model using two vaccine platforms and therapeutic settings. Prominent control of established tumors was achieved using an oncolytic adenovirus platform designed for flexible and specific tumor targeting, namely PeptiCRAd. Our study presents a pipeline integrating immunopeptidome analysis-driven antigen discovery with a therapeutic cancer vaccine platform for improved personalized oncolytic immunotherapy.

Antibody Therapeutics for Ovarian Carcinoma and Translation to the Clinic

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra H. Josephs ◽  
Heather J. Bax ◽  
Giulia Pellizzari ◽  
James F. Spicer ◽  
Ana Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Immune Effector ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironments ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Reduced Toxicity

Despite improvements over the past decade in the treatment of ovarian cancer, many patients are at risk of recurrent disease and emerging drug resistance. The increased selectivity and reduced toxicity of molecularly targeted anti-cancer agents renders them attractive for development in ovarian cancer, and monoclonal antibodies targeting ovarian cancer-specific tumor antigens represent the largest such group investigated in this clinical setting. This chapter describes examples of monoclonal antibodies clinically evaluated for efficacy in ovarian cancer. These agents recognize molecular targets expressed on tumors or within tumor microenvironments that may be essential for tumor cell survival and proliferation. Recently, antibodies targeting checkpoint molecules on immune cells have shown efficacy in modulating anti-tumor immunity, and applications in ovarian carcinomas are evaluated. The chapter focuses on therapeutic agents’ attributes on targeting key cancer growth and progression pathways, and propensity to engender effector functions by activating immune effector cells in tumors and the circulation.

scholarly journals Advances in Adoptive Cellular Therapy (ACT)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Bandana Kumari ◽  
Pritanjali Singh ◽  
Asgar Ali ◽  
Sadhana Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Adoptive T Cell Therapy ◽  
Adoptive Cellular Therapy ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Specific Tumor

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is getting acknowledged as the Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) in many countries and it has evolved as one of the newest regimens to treat cancer. Developed gradually by the basic understanding of cells, involved in innate and adaptive immunity, ACT has emerged as one of the successful immunotherapies in recent times. It broadly includes various cell types such as stem cells, T cells, dendritic cells and Natural Killer cells. By the applications of genetic engineering and advanced cell culture techniques, these cells from patients’ blood, can be manipulated to train them for better efficacy against specific tumor cells. However, only some cells’ subsets have shown promising regression for certain cancer cells types. To understand the reason behind this, technical knowledge about the tumor antigens presentation, tumor microenvironment (TME), hosts’ immune responses and possible issues in the manufacturing of adoptive cellular material for infusion in patients are being explored further. This chapter brings together development of immune cells from basic research to clinical use, newer approaches which have been taken to address the resistance of ACT and future promises of this therapy.

Abstract LB-195: Immune responses against cancer stem cell-specific tumor antigens and tumor microenvironment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Torigoe ◽  
Yoshihiko Hirohashi ◽  
Reina Morita ◽  
Satoshi Nishizawa ◽  
Kazuyo Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Specific Tumor

scholarly journals Cancer Testis Antigens and Immunotherapy: A new Dawn

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02033
Author(s):  
Bingcan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Cancer Testis Antigens ◽  
Cancer Antigens ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
Tumor Specificity ◽  
Cancer Testis

Immunotherapy for cancer has been recognized as the fourth therapeutic method after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which can prevent postoperative metastasis and recurrence and reduce or even eliminate the toxic and side effects of chemoradiotherapy. The development of successful immunotherapy strategies need to use cancer antigens which can be identified by the host’s immune system. This method’s ability in causing antitumor immune response has been fully proved, but it also faces enormous risks and challenges, as finding the highly efficient and specific tumor markers is very difficult. Cancer-testis antigens(CTA) are a special kind of tumor antigens with normal expression restricted to male germ cells in the testis but not in adult somatic tissues. The immune privileged status of CTA gives tumor specificity and makes it an ideal candidate for targeted immunotherapy biomarkers. Here, we briefly review the research history, expression characteristics of CTA, molecular mechanisms of CT gene, and the bright future of immunotherapy in cancer treatment.

Nuclear Antigens and Immunoprophylaxis of Experimental Tumors induced by 20-methylcholanthrene in Mice and Rats

1967 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Maisin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Chemical Procedure

It is well known that in chemically induced sarcoma (rats) or epithelioma (mice) tumor-specific antigens are present, which differ from the tissue-specific antigens normally present in the tissues from which these cancers arise. However, the host tolerates the tumor and is apparently unable to elaborate antibodies active enough to reject the tumor. On the other hand, it is well known that the specific-tumor antigens elaborated by different cancers, though arising from a same tissue and produced by a same carcinogen, are often chemically different. These chemical differences between tissue-specific antigens constitute a major difficulty to use them to induce an immunoprophylaxis against the induction of cancer of the same tissue with a same carcinogen. Nevertheless, we have previously demonstrated that by using the specific antigens, present in a pool of microsomes extracted from cancer cells, it is possible to induce a marked degree of resistance towards the induction of a similar type of cancers in the immunised animal. In this paper it is shown that, by chemical procedure, it is possible to extract, from a pool of nuclei of cancer cells, two fractions which can induce a highly significant degree of resistance in the injected animals towards the incidence of cancer of a similar type. The two types of cancers investigated were the subcutaneous sarcoma of the rat induced by injection of methylcholanthrene and the skin cancer of the mouse induced by cutaneous methylcholanthrene paintings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document