Development of an H-shaped antenna with FR4 for 1–10 GHz wireless communications

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110031
Author(s):  
S Kannadhasan ◽  
R Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wireless Networking ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Zener Diode ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Transmitting Model

Wireless networking is now central to modern life, and is anticipated to become ever more pervasive. Therefore, there may be several possible uses for combining lightweight fabric antennas. A flexible fabric is used to increase convenience, and the inclusion of antennas in garments ensures they do not have to be hand-held. Wireless deployment, a single-feed and a dual-frequency H-shaped antenna is presented. The transmitting model is used to build the H-shaped antenna. Varying the dual frequency is achieved with the aid of a capacitive range between 3.85 and 1.88 pF and a Zener diode. The operating frequencies for the cellular implementations of the H-shaped antenna are 2.5–4.5 GHz. The configuration of the antenna is built on an 80 mm × 60 mm dielectric by using FR4 epoxy substrate; the scale of the switch dimension is 0.7 mm × 1.4 mm with relative permittivity of 3.68 and the height of the substratum is 1.6 mm. The patch of the planned structure is supplied by a 50 ohm matching impedance co-axial cable. In this research work the proposed antenna structure gain is 8.2 dBi (86%) for wireless devices. Under the current structure, the high and minimal return losses are from –39.05 to –18.68 dB. The highest and lowest Voltage Standing Wave Ratio values of the proposed structure are 1.78 and 1.02, respectively.

scholarly journals Microstrip patch antenna with metamaterial using superstrate technique for wireless communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2055-2061
Author(s):  
Rasha Mahdi Salih ◽  
Ali Khalid Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Antenna Gain ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Antenna Performance

This work builds a metamaterial (MTM) superstrate loaded on a patch of microstrip antenna for wireless communications. The MTM superstrate is made up of four G-shaped resonators on FR-4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and has a total area of (8×16) mm2, and is higher than the patch. The MTM superstrate increases antenna gain while also raising the input reflection coefficient. When it is 9 mm above the patch, the gain increased from 3.28 dB to 6.02 dB, and when it is 7 mm above the patch, the input reflection coefficient was enhanced from -31.217 dB to -45.8 dB. When the MTM superstrate loaded antenna was compared to the traditional unloaded antenna, it was discovered that metamaterials have a lot of potential for improving antenna performance.

Radiotelegraphy to Broadcasting

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-365
Author(s):  
J. Justin Castro
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Telecommunications Industries ◽  
The Revolution

This essay explores the development of wireless communications from radiotelegraphy to broadcasting. An under analyzed and important topic, Porfirian and revolutionary wireless officials and policies laid the foundation for Mexico’s powerful broadcasting and telecommunications industries. From the beginning, communications specialists used radio for state and nation building, especially in the hinterlands. The Revolution briefly shifted the focus of wireless experts away from the frontiers and toward warfare; however, the upheaval actually expanded the number of wireless devices and technicians. These professionals subsequently became essential figures in communications projects carried out during the presidencies of Venustiano Carranza and Álvaro Obregón, as well as during the rise of broadcasting in the 1920s. El presente ensayo analiza el desarrollo de las radiocomunicaciones, desde la radiotelegrafía hasta la radiodifusión. El tema ha sido poco analizado, pero es importante: los oficiales y las políticas de radiocomunicación porfiristas y revolucionarios sentaron las bases de las poderosas industrias de la radio y la telecomunicación en México. Desde un principio, especialistas en comunicaciones utilizaron la radio para la construcción del estado y la nación, especialmente en las fronteras del país. La revolución desplazó brevemente la atención de los expertos lejos de las fronteras y hacia la guerra; sin embargo, el levantamiento no hizo sino aumentar el número de aparatos y técnicos de radiocomunicación. Más adelante, estos profesionales se convertirían en figuras esenciales en proyectos de comunicación emprendidos durante las presidencias de Venustiano Carranza y Álvaro Obregón, así como durante el florecimiento de la radiodifusión en la década de 1920.

Instititutional Opportunities and Challenges of the Wireless City

2010 ◽  
pp. 365-381
Author(s):  
Sukumar Ganapati
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Wireless Security ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure

This chapter explores the institutional opportunities and challenges of adopting wireless communications for mobile government at the local level. The basic ingredients of wireless for m-government include the wireless devices and the wireless infrastructure. The proliferation of wireless devices provides opportunities for transforming field operations, coordinating emergency management, enhancing citizen services and participation, and narrowing the digital divide. Challenges, however, exist in terms of wireless security, interoperability, and infrastructure provision.

Identification of Wireless Devices From Their Physical Layer Radio-Frequency Fingerprints

2018 ◽  
pp. 6136-6146
Author(s):  
Gianmarco Baldini ◽  
Gary Steri ◽  
Raimondo Giuliani
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Rf Components ◽  
Wireless Device ◽  
Rf Signal

Extensive research has been performed in recent years for the identification of wireless devices from their radio frequency (RF) emissions. The main idea of identifying a wireless device through its RF emissions is that the electronic circuits and the RF components have specific characteristics determined by the production and manufacturing processes. These characteristics, which result in unique differences, can be used to distinguish a wireless device from another because they appear as subtle modification of the RF signal in space even if the wireless device generates a signal conformant to the standard. This chapter describes the main techniques for the fingerprinting of wireless devices using their RF transmission. There are still however some key challenges to overcome. This chapter tries to identify them in this context as well as providing possible approaches to solve them. Further research work is needed to investigate the portability issues between fingerprints taken using different receivers, as well as to identify and remove potential other sources of bias.

Recent Trends in Antennas for Modern Wireless Communications

2018 ◽  
pp. 1413-1435
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdul Matin
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Airborne Vehicle ◽  
New Generation

The rapid development in wireless communications has demanded multiband or wideband antennas to support wireless communication devices such as smart phones, tablets, laptop computers, radar system, satellite communication, airplane, and unmanned airborne vehicle (UAV) radar. It has also demanded compact wireless devices that allow more space to integrate other electronic components. The aim of this chapter is to provide an idea of current R&D trends and novel approaches in design, analysis and synthesis of broadband, multiband and reconfigurable antennas for the new generation of mobile communication devices, as well as for UWB communications, radars and so on.

Wireless Technologies to Enable Electronic Business

2010 ◽  
pp. 511-517
Author(s):  
Richi Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Simple Analog

Research and practices in electronic business (e-business) have witnessed an exponential growth in the last few years (Liautand & Hammond, 2001). Wireless technology has also evolved from simple analog products designed for business use to emerging radioactive, signal-based wireless communications (Shafi, 2001). The tremendous potential of mobile computing and e-business has created a new concept of mobile e-business or e-business over wireless devices (m-business).

Icy Moon Ice-Salt Measurements for Dielectric and Thermal Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Sodium Sulfates ◽  
Ice Shell

<p>The REASON ground penetrating radar (GPR) on Europa Clipper and the RIME GPR on JUICE will produce radargrams for Europa to determine the nature and depth of the ice overlying a putative ocean. The REASON radar is dual frequency, 9 MHz and 60 MHz, and the RIME frequency is 9 MHz. The surface temperature of Europa is between 50 and 100 Kelvin. At 9 MHz, the REASON GPR could map relative permittivity to about 30 km with a resolution of 150 m. These two GPRs may be able to spot pockets of water within the ice shell that could serve as a passageway for chemicals between the surface and the ocean below. The upper ice crust is expected to contain magnesium and sodium sulfates, and perhaps calcium sulfate [J. Moore, 1999].</p><p>To fill this gap in knowledge about the properties of the ice crust on Europa, we will make laboratory measurements of the relative permittivity (complex dielectric coefficient using impedance spectroscopy) and thermal properties (thermal conductivity and specific heat) of ice-salt mixtures at 9 and 60 MHz, over the temperature range 50 to 100 Kelvin, for the ice-salt mixtures given in Table X. This Table was provided by Kevin Collins (UCF). We do not plan to include any dust content in these ice-salt mixtures. These laboratory data may assist in the interpretation of future radargrams from RESSON and RIME</p><p> </p><p>   TABLE 1, Europan ice-salt specimens for electrical and thermal property measurements.</p><div><strong>Experiment Number</strong><strong>Salt Species</strong><strong>Salt Concentration (wt. %)</strong><strong>Physical Texture</strong>1Sulfuric acid hydrate5Dispersed in particulate ice2Magnesium sulfate5Dispersed in particulate ice3Magnesium chloride5Dispersed in particulate ice4Sodium chloride5Dispersed in particulate ice5Magnesium sulfate1Dispersed in particulate ice6Magnesium sulfate10Dispersed in particulate ice7Magnesium sulfate25Dispersed in particulate ice8Magnesium sulfate + sulfuric acid hydrate5 (each)Dispersed in particulate ice9Magnesium sulfate5Solid block10Magnesium sulfate5Layered structure</div><p> </p><p>We are planning also to make similar measurements of the electrical and thermal properties of ice on Titania (moon of Uramus), over temperature range of 60 to 90 Kelvin, and at 9 MHz. The surface of Titania is mainly water ice, with some frozen carbon dioxide and possibly salts. We will devise a table of salt-ice mixtures that is appropriate for Titania, based on available information on surface content.</p>

Compact Dual-Band Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi Portable Devices

2013 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Tsang Yen Hsieh ◽  
Jyh Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Reflection Loss ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Communications Services

With the rapid development of the wireless communications, the quality of wireless communications services are increasingly improved, which makes people to pay more attention to efficiency and effectiveness of wireless communication system. Recently, some popular portable devices are those defined by 802.11b, 802.11g and 802.11n protocols, such as Wi-Fi card, Wi-Fi card reader and Wi-Fi hard disk. A dual frequency WLAN antenna used for applications of Wi-Fi portable devices is necessary. The reflection loss (Return Loss) of the antenna is a key parameter, therefore, the antenna return loss and bandwidth must meet the conditions of requirements. We use electromagnetic simulation software to simulate and tune the reflection loss of the antenna to more than 10 dB specification. According to the parameters of simulation results, a dual frequency WLAN antenna used for applications of Wi-Fi portable devices is fabricated.

Switchable dual band equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna using pin diode

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabal Pratap ◽  
Ravinder Singh Bhatia ◽  
Binod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Electrical Characteristic ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Pin Diode ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microstrip Patch

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study and calculate the electrical characteristic of an equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna that is proposed for dual frequency operation using the pin diode. The electrical characteristic of an equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed for dual-frequency operation. Spur lines and ON/OFF condition of the pin diode are utilized to switch the resonant frequency of the patch. The presence of spur lines excites the surface current of the patch which is dependent on the resonant frequency of an equilateral triangular microstrip patch. Insertion of the diode in the spur lines gives a better result and compactness in patch design, which improves the miniaturization in size of patch. Design/methodology/approach – Antenna Design Aspects: A basic structure of an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna (ETMA) having two spur lines and one pin diode positioned in between the spur line is considered in this paper. The design parameters are chosen on the basis of substrate materials having relative permittivity less than three. Specification of the antenna is given in Table I. Substrate material used is RT Duroid 5,880; relative permittivity of the substrate er is 2.2; thickness of dielectric substrate h is 1.5 mm; sides of equilateral triangular patch a are 10 mm, spur width s is 0.5 mm; and spur length b is 2.0 mm. Findings – This paper gives an account of achieving polarization swiftness with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed. The miniaturized size of the antenna is 35 × 30 mm2. Switchable microstrip equilateral triangular antenna has been demonstrated for dual-frequency operations. The resonant frequency of an ETMA can be adjusted by setting the diode in an ON and OFF state. The design improves the miniaturization in size with a discussion of radiation density. The excited patch surface current is limited to flow around just the mid of the patch in simple ETMA with a single slit cut. It is observed that for an ETMA, when the diode is in the ON state at 9.16 GHz, the excited patch surface current is highly distributed in the patch compared to when the diode is in the ON state at 11 GHz. Similarly, it is observed that the excited surface patch current is highly distributed when the diode is in the OFF state in both frequencies (9 and 11.96 GHz). The mode is changed by the use of a switch at time and it is suitable for wireless communication applications. Originality/value – Spur lines and the ON/OFF condition of the pin diode are utilized to switch the resonant frequency of the patch. The presence of spur lines excites the surface current of the patch which is dependent on the resonant frequency of an equilateral triangular microstrip patch. Insertion of the diode in spur lines gives a better result and compactness in patch design, which improves the miniaturization in size of the patch.

Recent Trends in Antennas for Modern Wireless Communications

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdul Matin
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Airborne Vehicle ◽  
New Generation

The rapid development in wireless communications has demanded multiband or wideband antennas to support wireless communication devices such as smart phones, tablets, laptop computers, radar system, satellite communication, airplane, and unmanned airborne vehicle (UAV) radar. It has also demanded compact wireless devices that allow more space to integrate other electronic components. The aim of this chapter is to provide an idea of current R&D trends and novel approaches in design, analysis and synthesis of broadband, multiband and reconfigurable antennas for the new generation of mobile communication devices, as well as for UWB communications, radars and so on.

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