The DEWI High-Level Architecture: Wireless Sensor Networks in Industrial Applications

This paper presents the High-Level Architecture (HLA) of the European research project DEWI (Dependable Embedded Wireless Infrastructure). The objective of this HLA is to serve as a reference framework for the development of industrial Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs) based on the concept of the DEWI Bubble. The DEWI Bubble constitutes a set of architecture design rules and recommendations that can be used to integrate legacy industrial sensor networks with a modern, interoperable and flexible IoT (Internet-of-Things) infrastructure. The DEWI Bubble can be regarded as a high-level abstraction of an industrial WSAN with enhanced interoperability (via standardized interfaces), dependability, technology reusability and cross-domain development. The DEWI Bubble aims to resolve the issue on how to integrate commercial WSAN technology to match the dependability, interoperability and high criticality needs of industrial domains. This paper details the criteria used to design the HLA and the organization of the infrastructure internal and external to the DEWI Bubble. The description includes the different perspectives, models, or views of the architecture: the entity model, the layered perspective of the entity model and the functional model. This includes an overview of software and hardware interfaces. The DEWI HLA constitutes an extension of the ISO/IEC 29182 SNRA (Sensor Network Reference Architecture) towards the support of wireless industrial applications in different domains: aeronautics, automotive, railway and building. To improve interoperability with existing approaches, the DEWI HLA also reuses some features from other standardized technologies and architectures. The DEWI HLA and the concept of Bubble allow networks with different industrial sensor technologies to exchange information between them or with external clients via standard interfaces, thus providing consolidated access to sensor information of different industrial domains. This is an important aspect for smart city applications, Big Data, Industry 4.0 and the Internet-of-Things (IoT). The paper includes a non-exhaustive review of the state of the art of the different interfaces, protocols and standards of this architecture. The HLA has also been proposed as the basis of the European projects SCOTT (Secure Connected Trustable Things) for enhanced security and privacy in the IoT and InSecTT (Intelligent Secure Trustable Things) for the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and the IoT.

Cluster-based Status Aware routing Mechanism for MANETs to Extend the performance

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) is a wireless infrastructure less network consist of mobile nodes distributed in radio communication area. The network allows its users to free to move i.e., enter anytime as well as leave the network anytime. Characteristics of network are cost effective, time effective, and self-forming. Application of network are military communication, disaster relief, and medical. Thus, communication information is very sensitive, and suitable protocol is needed to enable effective communication. One of the approaches to solve the effective communication is clustering. In this paper we propose a clustering in MANETs based on the current-status. The proposed work performance is evaluated with NS2 simulator, and results are compared with existing cluster-based mechanisms. The results show that the proposed work performance is good in terms of packet delivery, energy awareness, and delay.

Influence of Bottleneck Nodes on Malicious Packet Dropping Nodes Mitigation in Wireless Infrastructure-less Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks as an infrastructure free, and constrained resource environment network. The network aim is to establish internet connectivity everywhere regardless of location. The applications of network are healthcare, disaster relief and military, where reliable communication is major concern. Communication in the network is initiated by establishing the communication route between source and destination and sending the information through it. One of the characteristics of MANETs is a peer-to-peer network, where intermediate nodes have to cooperate for reliable communication by acting as routers. In literature number of routing protocols have been designed based on the MANET’s peer to peer characteristic. However, it may not be every time true that the intermediate nodes act as faithful routers, and they may untrustworthy either due to malicious behavior or bottleneck. Number of secure protocols have been designed to mitigate malicious behavior by neglecting the bottleneck. The paper aims to define the bottleneck, and its importance in communication. Finally, how bottleneck influence on the MANETs performance during malicious nodes mitigation

Unmanned Vehicles’ Placement Optimisation for Internet of Things and Internet of Unmanned Vehicles

Currently, the use of unmanned vehicles, such as drones, boats and ships, in monitoring tasks where human presence is difficult or even impossible raises several issues. Continuous efforts to improve the autonomy of such vehicles have not solved all aspects of this issue. In an Internet of Unmanned Vehicles (IoUV) environment, the idea of replacing the static wireless infrastructure and reusing the mobile monitoring nodes in different conditions would converge to a dynamic solution to assure data collection in areas where there is no infrastructure that ensures Internet access. The current paper fills a significant gap, proposing an algorithm that optimises the positions of unmanned vehicles such that an ad hoc network is deployed to serve specific wireless sensor networks that have no other Internet connectivity (hilly/mountainous areas, Danube Delta) and must be connected to an Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. The algorithm determines the optimum positions of UV nodes that decrease the path losses below the link budget threshold with minimum UV node displacement compared to their initial coordinates. The algorithm was tested in a rural scenario and 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), free space and two-ray propagation models. The paper proposes another type of network, a Flying and Surface Ad Hoc Network (FSANET), a concept which implies collaboration and coexistence between unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) and several use cases that motivate the need for such a network.

ScienceIoT: Evolution of the Wireless Infrastructure of KREONET

Here, we introduce the current stage and future directions of the wireless infrastructure of the Korea Research Environment Open NETwork (KREONET), a representative national research and education network in Korea. In 2018, ScienceLoRa, a pioneering wireless network infrastructure for scientific applications based on low-power wide-area network technology, was launched. Existing in-service applications in monitoring regions, research facilities, and universities prove the effectiveness of using wireless infrastructure in scientific areas. Furthermore, to support the more stringent requirements of various scientific scenarios, ScienceLoRa is evolving toward ScienceIoT by employing high-performance wireless technology and distributed computing capability. Specifically, by accommodating a private 5G network and an integrated edge computing platform, ScienceIoT is expected to support cutting-edge scientific applications requiring high-throughput and distributed data processing.

Reading Vehicular Messages from Smart Road Signs: A Novel Method to Support Vehicle-to-Infrastructure in Rural Settings

Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication is essential for reliable deployment of connected automated vehicle technology, contributing to the advanced safety and optimization of our transportation networks. However, supplying and maintaining necessary wireless infrastructure is a challenging task, particularly when it comes to rural areas. This study proposes a novel methodology that uses artificial intelligence, machine vision, and smart traffic signs to support V2I in areas where availability of wireless communication infrastructure is limited. The objective of this paper is to investigate the operational challenges of the proposed low-cost solution in different V2I applications, including a MapData message in an unsignalized traffic intersection, traveler information message in a work zone, and a red-light violation warning with the help of a smart sign. The proposed system showed some important advantages, such as invulnerability to third-party alterations and robust operation under harsh environmental conditions.

Panel Title: Municipal Wireless Networks: Hot Spots for Mobile Business or Just Hot Air?

All the panelists are members of the Community Wireless Infrastructure Research Project (CWIRP) team (www.cwirp.ca). CWIRP is funded by Infrastructure Canada, to investigate the development and deployment of public ICT infrastructures. The project focuses on municipal and community wireless network initiatives.

CWIRP Final Report: ICT Infrastructure as Public Infrastructure – Connecting Communities to the Knowledge-based Economy & Society

This report provides a summary of findings from the Community Wireless Infrastructure Research Project. This research investigated the development of public broadband infrastructure, and was conducted from April 2006 to March 2008 by a team of researchers from Ryerson University, York University and the University of Toronto.The specific questions that guided our research were as follows:• What is the rationale for publicly-owned and/or controlled ICT infrastructure?• What examples of public ICT infrastructure exist in Canada today?• What are the different models and best practices of public ICT infrastructure in terms of deployment, technology choice and innovation, investment, governance, adoption and use?• What are the public benefits of community-based/public ICT infrastructure provision?• What public policies and supports are necessary to promote and sustain public ICT infrastructure?We addressed these questions through case study work with our research partners (The City of Fredericton, Île Sans Fil in Montreal, K-Net and the Lac Seul Wireless Network in North Western Ontario, and Wireless Nomad in Toronto), as well as through extensive study of the broader context for public ICT infrastructure development.