Youths' Social Sources of Cigarettes: The Limits of Youth-Access Policies

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Friend ◽  
Maria Carmona ◽  
Philip Wilbur ◽  
David Levy
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Access Policies ◽  
Older Siblings

Federal, state, and local policies aimed at reducing youth access to tobacco have been successful at increasing retail compliance, but they have had limited impact on actual youth smoking rates. One of the reasons that retail-based policies have failed to significantly reduce youth smoking rates is attributable in part to youths, substituting social or non-retail sources of cigarettes for retail supply. The widespread availability of cigarettes through social sources, such as borrowing, stealing, or buying cigarettes from parents, older siblings, and peers, and requesting older strangers to purchase them, highlights the difficulty of eliminating all supplies of youth cigarettes. Strategies should be implemented that are developed specifically to reduce access from social sources. More generally, a comprehensive approach to tobacco-control policies that targets the entire population is necessary to curb youth smoking.

scholarly journals Has FDA abandoned its efforts to make fake-cigar cigarettes comply with federal tobacco control laws that apply to cigarettes but not cigars?

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric N Lindblom ◽  
Darren Mays ◽  
Kevin R J Schroth ◽  
Cristine Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
State And Local

In the USA, legal definitions of cigarettes and cigars are critical to tobacco control policy because federal, state and local laws typically tax and regulate cigarettes more strictly than cigars. In 2016, near the end of the Obama Administration, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sent warning letters to four filtered ‘little cigar’ manufacturers stating that their so-called ‘cigars’ were cigarettes and, therefore, subject to more stringent public health restrictions. Documents produced in response to a Freedom of Information Act request show that without explanation or public notice FDA has abandoned its prior determination that the manufacturers’ ‘little cigars’ were actually cigarettes and, consequently, were violating the ban on flavoured cigarettes in the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA). The documents also present the manufacturers’ arguments against FDA’s original position. However, those industry arguments are inconsistent with the research, other evidence and legal analysis indicating that filtered ‘little cigars’ meet the legal definition of cigarettes under the TCA and other similar federal, state and local definitions. To protect the public health, FDA must renew its efforts to ensure that these filtered ‘little cigars’ do not continue to evade compliance with the many important restrictions and requirements that apply to cigarettes but not cigars. Other government regulatory and tax-collection agencies with similar definitions need to follow suit.

Retailer Compliance with State and Local Policies on Tobacco Advertising

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Bukola Usidame ◽  
Edward A. Miller ◽  
Joanna E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Advertising ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Objectives: In this study, we assessed factors associated with retailer compliance with state and local government policies targeted at tobacco retail advertising in Massachusetts. Methods: Primary data collection was from 419 retail stores across 42 selected municipalities. Multi-level Bayesian logistic regression models assessed the relationship between retailer compliance and the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies; we also examined the number of tobacco ads, retail store type, and municipality-level socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results: Retail stores were fully compliant with state laws. At 92%, compliance with local tobacco advertising regulations was also high; a few retail stores advertised and sold flavored tobacco products and discounted tobacco products below the listed price. Retail stores with more tobacco ads and lower municipality-level smoking prevalence were less likely to be compliant with local tobacco advertising regulations relative to retail stores in other municipalities. Conclusions: Findings reveal a high degree of compliance with state and local tobacco advertising regulations in Massachusetts. State law in Massachusetts does not preempt local ordinances adopting more stringent tobacco control policies. Other states may exhibit similar levels of compliance should they follow Massachusetts example in allowing municipalities to adopt and enforce regulations that improve retail store compliance, hence limiting tobacco retail advertising.

scholarly journals Association of Tobacco Control Policies With Youth Smoking Onset in Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 173 (8) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Emmanuel Guindon ◽  
Guillermo R. Paraje ◽  
Frank J. Chaloupka
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Smoking Onset ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

scholarly journals State-level tobacco control policies and youth smoking cessation measures

Health Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Tworek ◽  
Ryoko Yamaguchi ◽  
Deborah D. Kloska ◽  
Sherry Emery ◽  
Dianne C. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
State Level ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

Local and State Policy Action Taken in the United States to Address the Emergence of E-Cigarettes and Vaping: A Scoping Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992096369
Author(s):  
Madison O’Connell ◽  
Lindsay Kephart
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Gray Literature ◽  
State And Local

Introduction In response to rising rates of youth vaping and e-cigarette use, states and localities in the United States have adopted various tobacco control policies and have extended their utility to these emerging products. However, the extent to which these policies have been evaluated for their impact on youth use is unknown. Method Two databases (PubMed, Google Scholar) were searched for English language peer-reviewed articles pertaining to electronic cigarette policy evaluation between 2009 and 2020. Primary articles of interest were journal articles that evaluated an e-cigarette policy. Secondary articles of interest were journal articles that identified any e-cigarette policy action without a formal evaluation component, those that evaluated tobacco policy, or those that described e-cigarette behaviors and trends. Tertiary articles included gray literature that provided context for e-cigarette trends and additional policy identification. Results The final sample consisted of 12 relevant articles with an e-cigarette policy evaluation component and 62 relevant articles without such component, and 19 gray literature sources. Findings were synthesized based on policy type: product classification, age restrictions, smoke-free policies, flavor bans, sales restrictions, taxation, packaging, and advertising. Conclusion Policies that address access and use of e-cigarettes are common on the federal, state, and local level, are mostly reactionary, and mimic tobacco control efforts. Few policies have been formally evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing or preventing youth vaping. Strengthening the evidence base should be a priority for researchers going forward, given the potential of these policies to intervene on social and environmental conditions that affect youth initiation and uptake.

scholarly journals Toward Effective Water Pipe Tobacco Control Policy in the United States: Synthesis of Federal, State, and Local Policy Texts

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason B. Colditz ◽  
Jessica N. Ton ◽  
A. Everette James ◽  
Brian A. Primack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Pipe Tobacco ◽  
Policy Texts

Purpose. Water pipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is growing in popularity among U.S. young adults and is associated with health risks similar to those of cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study is to examine existing tobacco control policies (TCPs) in order to investigate how they engage WTS. Approach. A systematic synthesis of content and legal interactions among federal, state, and local TCP documents. Setting. Pennsylvania, which represents a politically and demographically diverse microcosm of the United States. Participants. No human subjects. Method. Federal and state TCPs were retrieved via public legal repositories. Local policy searches were conducted via county/municipal Web sites, inclusive of 13 localities that had autonomous health departments or existing TCPs based on a National Cancer Institute report. Full-text TCPs were double coded within a grounded theory framework for health policy analysis. Emergent codes were used to compare and contrast policy texts and to examine legal interactions among TCPs. Results. Examination of policy categories including youth access, use restrictions, and taxation revealed WTS as largely omitted from current TCPs. WTS was sometimes addressed as an “other” tobacco product under older TCPs, though ambiguities in language led to questionable enforceability. State preemptions have rolled back or prevented well-tailored reforms at the local level. Federal preemptions have likewise constrained state TCPs. Conclusion. Outdated, preempted, and unclear policies limit the extent to which TCPs engage WTS. Health advocates might target these aspects of TCP reform.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document