Residents of State Mental Institutions and their Money (Or, the State Giveth and the State Taketh Away)

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall B. Kapp
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The State ◽  
Current State ◽  
Present Practice ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Economic Relationship ◽  
Care And Treatment ◽  
State Mental ◽  
Mental Institutions

This article explores the legal, ethical, and policy considerations raised by the economic relationship between the state and residents of the state's institutions for the mentally ill and mentally retarded. The focus is upon two interrelated aspects of this relationship: (1) compensation for labor performed by residents within the institution, (2) the resident's obligation to reimburse the state for care and treatment received. Each of these issues is traced historically; current state practice is surveyed; and alternatives to present practice are suggested.

Save the Death Penalty for the Most Culpable Offenders

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Author(s):  
Michael B. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The State ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Controversial Topic

The death penalty is a controversial topic that continues to generate heated debate in our country. Polls show that the vast majority of Americans favor the use of capital punishment. In response, politicians both in Congress and in the state legislatures have proposed measures to expand our use of the death penalty and to speed up the rate of executions. However, while this “tough on crime” rhetoric is popular, we as Americans must be careful to see that those whom we do execute are in fact the most culpable of offenders. This article explores our past use of the death penalty and proposes that we implement certain protections for the least culpable of offenders: the mentally ill, the mentally retarded, and the juvenile.

scholarly journals PETITIONS AND PATHWAYS TO THE ASYLUM IN BRITISH MANDATE PALESTINE, 1930–1948

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
The State ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Mental Institutions

AbstractThis article draws on a collection of petitions by Palestinian Arabs and Jews to explore how families negotiated the admission of mentally ill relatives into government mental institutions under the British mandate between 1930 and 1948. In contrast to the conclusions of the existing literature, which focuses largely on the development of parallel Jewish institutions as establishing the foundations of the Israeli health system, these petitions reveal that the trajectories of both Arab and Jewish mentally ill were complex, traversing domestic, private, and government contexts in highly contingent ways. The second part of this article examines the petitions themselves as dense moments of engagement by Palestinian Arabs and Jews with the British mandate, in which the anxieties and priorities of the mandate were strategically re-deployed in order to secure admission into chronically underfunded and overcrowded institutions. Petitioners also sought to mobilize other actors, often within the state itself, as intercessors, a strategy which attempted to thread together state and society in a meaningful and advantageous way at a time when both seemed to be unravelling. Taken together, these pathways and petitions foreground the space of interaction between the British mandate and its subjects, thereby offering new perspectives on both.

Protecting Sensitive Marine Environments: The Role and Application of Ships' Routeing Measures

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
International Level ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Marine Areas

AbstractThe application of ships' routeing measures as a means to regulate shipping for the specific purpose of protecting sensitive marine areas is becoming increasingly widespread and acceptable within the international community. While the potential for coastal states to regulate navigation for such purposes would seem to be in conflict with the traditional tenants of freedom of navigation, current practice at both the state and international level addresses this concern.This paper discusses the application of ships' routeing measures for the protection of the marine environment from the activities of international shipping, as illustrated by current state practice. Consideration is given to the evolution of IMO measures to address environmental concerns and in particular the application of mandatory routeing measures.

The Logic of the State Mental Hospital

1962 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-349
Author(s):  
Rue Bucher ◽  
Leonard Schatzman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Hospital ◽  
The State ◽  
State Mental Hospital ◽  
State Mental

On the Development of Islamic Jurisprudence

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Wilfried Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Current State ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sensitive Issues ◽  
Status Of Women ◽  
Islam And Democracy

This article examines the state of Islamic jurisprudence with regard to many sensitive issues, such as the status of women and minorities in Islam, Islam and Democracy, hudud punishments. The author explores the current state of Islamic discourse on jurisprudence and identifies three approaches-traditional, secular and reformist. The paper explores the positions of the traditional ulama and the reformist muj­tahids on the mentioned topics and finds the reformist position more sensible and closer to the position of ihe Qur'an and Sunnah. This paper while advocating neo-ijtihad, makes an impressive case for the merit???? and Islamic credibility of the reformist jurisprudence.

The Political Economy of Rural-Urban Conflict

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Topher L. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Networks ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Economic Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

In some cases of insurgency, the combat frontier is contested and erratic, as rebels target cities as their economic prey. In other cases, it is tidy and stable, seemingly representing an equilibrium in which cities are effectively protected from violent non-state actors. What factors account for these differences in the interface urban-based states and rural-based challengers? To explore this question, this book examines two regions representing two dramatically different outcomes. In West Africa (Liberia and Sierra Leone), capital cities became economic targets for rebels, who posed dire threats to the survival of the state. In Maoist India, despite an insurgent ideology aiming to overthrow the state via a strategy of progressive city capture, the combat frontier effectively firewalls cities from Maoist violence. This book argues that trade networks underpinning the economic relationship between rural and urban areas—termed “interstitial economies”—may differ dramatically in their impact on (and response to) the combat frontier. It explains rebel predatory tendencies toward cities as a function of transport networks allowing monopoly profits to be made by urban-based traders. It explains combat frontier delineation as a function of the social structure of the trade networks: hierarchical networks permit elite–elite bargains that cohere the frontier. These factors represent what might be termed respectively the “hardware” and “software” of the rural–urban economic relationship. Of interest to any student of political economy and violence, this book presents new arguments and insights about the relationships between violence and the economy, predation and production, core and periphery.

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