Evaluation of the Implementation of a Risk-Need-Responsivity Service in Community Supervision in Sweden

2020 ◽  
pp. 009385482095874
Author(s):  
Louise C. Starfelt Sutton ◽  
Marcus Dynevall ◽  
Johan Wennerholm ◽  
Sarah Åhlén ◽  
Tanya Rugge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Case File ◽  
Risk Principle ◽  
Risk Need Responsivity

The effective use of the core treatment principles from the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model has the potential to reduce criminal recidivism significantly. A pilot trial of the RNR-based model Krimstics in the Swedish probation service showed increased RNR adherence but no effects on recidivism. The subsequent implementation of Krimstics involved the training and clinical support of more than 700 probation officers working with community supervision. In parallel, an implementation evaluation examining RNR adherence was undertaken, collecting and coding audio-recorded supervision sessions and case file data. Findings showed that Krimstics-trained probation officers ( N = 96) used cognitive behavioral therapy-based techniques in supervision sessions while demonstrating moderate-to-high levels of relationship building skills. However, adherence to the risk principle was lacking and key cognitive behavioral techniques showed poor quality. Although Krimstics has increased RNR adherence in a Swedish context, challenges with implementing theory into practice may obscure the assessment of the service’s effectiveness.

A pilot trial of bupropion added to cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in schizophrenia

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eden Evins ◽  
Virginia K. Mays ◽  
Nancy A. Rigotti ◽  
Thelma Tisdale ◽  
Corinne Cather ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Slee ◽  
Ella Arensman ◽  
Nadia Garnefski ◽  
Philip Spinhoven
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Behavioral Theory ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Theory

Patients who engage in deliberate self-harm (DSH) form a heterogeneous population. There is a need for psychotherapeutic interventions that give therapists the flexibility to tailor the treatment plan to the needs of an individual patient. To detect essential ingredients for treatment, three different cognitive-behavioral theories of DSH will be reviewed: (1) the cognitive-behavioral theory of Linehan (1993a) , (2) the cognitive theory of Berk, Henriques, Warman, Brown, and Beck (2004) , and (3) the cognitive-behavioral theory of Rudd, Joiner, and Rajab (2001) . A review of these theories makes it possible to compare the different approaches to the essential aspects in the treatment of DSH: a trusting patient-therapist relationship, building emotion regulation skills, cognitive restructuring, and behavioral pattern breaking. An overview will be given of therapeutic techniques that can be used to address the cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems associated with DSH.

scholarly journals Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia among young adults who are actively drinking: a randomized pilot trial

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Miller ◽  
Chelsea B Deroche ◽  
Lindsey K Freeman ◽  
Chan Jeong Park ◽  
Nicole A Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Study Objectives More than half of young adults at risk for alcohol-related harm report symptoms of insomnia. Insomnia symptoms, in turn, have been associated with alcohol-related problems. Yet one of the first-line treatments for insomnia (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia or CBT-I) has not been tested among individuals who are actively drinking. This study tested (1) the feasibility and short-term efficacy of CBT-I among binge-drinking young adults with insomnia and (2) improvement in insomnia as a predictor of improvement in alcohol use outcomes. Methods Young adults (ages 18–30 years, 75% female, 73% college students) who met criteria for Insomnia Disorder and reported 1+ binge drinking episode (4/5+ drinks for women/men) in the past month were randomly assigned to 5 weekly sessions of CBT-I (n = 28) or single-session sleep hygiene (SH, n = 28). All participants wore wrist actigraphy and completed daily sleep surveys for 7+ days at baseline, posttreatment, and 1-month follow-up. Results Of those randomized, 43 (77%) completed posttreatment (19 CBT-I, 24 SH) and 48 (86%) completed 1-month follow-up (23 CBT-I, 25 SH). CBT-I participants reported greater posttreatment decreases in insomnia severity than those in SH (56% vs. 32% reduction in symptoms). CBT-I did not have a direct effect on alcohol use outcomes; however, mediation models indicated that CBT-I influenced change in alcohol-related consequences indirectly through its influence on posttreatment insomnia severity. Conclusions CBT-I is a viable intervention among individuals who are actively drinking. Research examining improvement in insomnia as a mechanism for improvement in alcohol-related consequences is warranted. Trial Registration U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03627832, registration #NCT03627832

scholarly journals Optimizing Smartphone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder Using Passive Smartphone Data: Initial Insights From an Open Pilot Trial

10.2196/16350 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e16350
Author(s):  
Hilary Weingarden ◽  
Aleksandar Matic ◽  
Roger Garriga Calleja ◽  
Jennifer L Greenberg ◽  
Oliver Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Open Pilot

Background Smartphone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is becoming more common, but research on the topic remains in its infancy. Little is known about how people typically engage with smartphone CBT or which engagement and mobility patterns may optimize treatment. Passive smartphone data offer a unique opportunity to gain insight into these knowledge gaps. Objective This study aimed to examine passive smartphone data across a pilot course of smartphone CBT for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a psychiatric illness characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived defect in physical appearance, to inform hypothesis generation and the design of subsequent, larger trials. Methods A total of 10 adults with primary diagnoses of BDD were recruited nationally and completed telehealth clinician assessments with a reliable evaluator. In a 12-week open pilot trial of smartphone CBT, we initially characterized natural patterns of engagement with the treatment and tested how engagement and mobility patterns across treatment corresponded with treatment response. Results Most participants interacted briefly and frequently with smartphone-delivered treatment. More frequent app usage (r=–0.57), as opposed to greater usage duration (r=–0.084), correlated strongly with response. GPS-detected time at home, a potential digital marker of avoidance, decreased across treatment and correlated moderately with BDD severity (r=0.49). Conclusions The sample was small in this pilot study; thus, results should be used to inform the hypotheses and design of subsequent trials. The results provide initial evidence that frequent (even if brief) practice of CBT skills may optimize response to smartphone CBT and that mobility patterns may serve as useful passive markers of symptom severity. This is one of the first studies to examine the value that passively collected sensor data may contribute to understanding and optimizing users’ response to smartphone CBT. With further validation, the results can inform how to enhance smartphone CBT design.

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Cheonwangbosimdan (Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan) Versus Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Pilot Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542093564
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Moon ◽  
Ui Min Jerng ◽  
O-Jin Kwon ◽  
So-Young Jung ◽  
Jee Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Score ◽  
Significant Difference

Cancer patients have a 2 times higher prevalence of insomnia than healthy populations and cancer-related insomnia has received minimal attention while insomnia can aggravate the rehabilitation of cancer patients. Cheonwangbosimdan is a Korean herbal medicine generally used to relieve sleep deprivation, however, few studies presented the effects of Cheonwangbosimdan on cancer-related insomnia. The purpose of study is to examine the feasibility of Cheonwangbosimdan treatments for cancer patients. Twenty-two participants were allocated into a Cheonwangbosimdan or cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) control group by equal number. The intervention group took Cheonwangbosimdan liquid once in a day and attend visits once a week for 4 weeks. The CBT-I group underwent individualized behavioral therapy 4 times in 4 weeks. The primary outcome is changes in the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) from baseline to the end of the trial. Responses to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Euroqol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) were secondary outcomes used to evaluate the quality of sleep. Outcomes were measured at a follow-up visit (visit 5) in the fifth week of the trial. There is no difference between 2 groups, but both groups showed tendency to alleviate cancer insomnia symptoms. SAS-K showed significant difference between the 2 groups (P < .001), as treatment group score was highly lowered than control group score. The study can contribute to more attentive care for insomnia in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Treatment Setting on Outcomes of Flexibly-Dosed Intensive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric OCD: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Selles ◽  
Zainab Naqqash ◽  
John R. Best ◽  
Diana Franco-Yamin ◽  
Serene T. Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Pediatric Ocd ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
Home Based

Introduction: Optimizing individual outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) remains a priority.Methods: Youth were randomized to receive intensive CBT at a hospital clinic (n = 14) or within their home (n = 12). Youth completed 3 × 3 h sessions (Phase I) and up to four additional 3-h sessions as desired/needed (Phase II). An independent evaluator assessed youth after Phase I, Phase II (when applicable), and at 1- and 6-months post-treatment. A range of OCD-related (e.g., severity, impairment) and secondary (e.g., quality of life, comorbid symptoms) outcomes were assessed.Results: Families' satisfaction with the treatment program was high. Of study completers (n = 22), five youth (23%) utilized no Phase II sessions and 9 (41%) utilized all four (Median Phase II sessions: 2.5). Large improvements in OCD-related outcomes and small-to-moderate benefits across secondary domains were observed. Statistically-significant differences in primary outcomes were not observed between settings; however, minor benefits for home-based treatment were observed (e.g., maintenance of gains, youth comfort with treatment).Discussion: Intensive CBT is an efficacious treatment for pediatric OCD. Families opted for differing doses based on their needs. Home-based treatment, while not substantially superior to hospital care, may offer some value, particularly when desired/relevant.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03672565, identifier: NCT03672565.

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