scholarly journals Abdominal Wound Closure: Choice of Suture

1981 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 580-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
T E Bucknall
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Normal Absorption ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
The Ideal

Experiments were designed to test suture materials for their use in potentially infected abdominal wound closure. The nearest to the ideal, at present available, is a monofilament nonabsorbable suture, the one tested being monofilament nylon. The suture retained adequate strength in the infected and noninfected state over a 70-day period. This is particularly important as infection has been shown to result in low wound strength in the early phases of healing. The monofilamentous nature of this suture represented an advantage when sutures were examined electronmicroscopically. Infected, braided sutures viewed for the first time by electronmicroscopy were shown to contain bacteria and polymorphonuclear cells, even after 70 days implantation. The normal absorption and encapsulation of these sutures was delayed by the presence of infection. Polyglycolic acid had marked strength when new but rapidly weakened after implantation. This together with slowed absorption in the infected state is a disturbing feature in terms of wound failure and sinus formation respectively.

Abdominal wound closure: A trial of nylon, polyglycolic acid and steel sutures

1977 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Leaper ◽  
A. V. Pollock ◽  
Mary Evans
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Abdominal Wound

scholarly journals Clinical Outcome and Wound Healing following Carpal Tunnel Decompression: A Comparison of Two Common Suture Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. MacFarlane ◽  
Thomas D. Donnelly ◽  
Yousaf Khan ◽  
Syam Morapudi ◽  
Mohammad Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Suture Material ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Ideal

Introduction. Debate exists amongst surgeons regarding the ideal suture material for skin closure in carpal tunnel decompression (CTD). This study compares wound related complications, patient satisfaction, and functional outcome following open carpal tunnel decompression in patients undergoing wound closure with either of two common absorbable and nonabsorbable suture types.Materials and Methods. 53 patients underwent CTD with either 4/0 polypropylene (ProleneTM,n= 28) or 4/0 polyglactin (Vicryl RapideTM,n= 25) for skin closure. QuickDASH, VAS satisfaction scores, and Southampton wound scores were assessed preoperatively and at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively.Results. At 6 weeks the mean QuickDASH scores postoperatively were 18.54 and 17.70 for absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures, respectively, (P= 0.86). The mean VAS scores were 0.61 and 0.42 (P= 0.91), respectively. All patients achieved a Southampton wound score of 0 by 6 weeks except one, who achieved 1C in the nonabsorbable group, equivalent to mild erythema. There were no complications in either group.Conclusion. Both suture types are safe and effective materials for CTD, and we recommend surgeons to choose according to personal preference, handling properties, and resources available for suture removal.

scholarly journals Verbalisation of the image of man in the English and Lak languages

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Abakarova
Keyword(s):  
Way Of Life ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
English Culture ◽  
The Ideal

The article analyses English and Lak proverbs describing a man. Proverbs have been chosen as a material of study due to the fact that they are the entities revealing the mentality of a certain ethnic group. The author was compelled to conduct this study owing to the current lack of research in the area of Lak proverbs. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time it has provided a psychological portrait of a man on the basis of the English and Lak languages. Isolated geographical position of Lak and English people was the cause of their inclination for conservative way of life which resulted in the formation of certain stereotypes of a Lak and an Englishman. The aim of the author was to discover those stereotypes by means of detecting universal and specific traits of Lak and English people. To reach that aim the author grouped the proverbs in thematic layers and provided them with linguocultural commentary. The image of man consists of such characteristics as reliability or unreliability, reserve or verbosity, valiancy or cowardice, ability or inability to fight, patience or impatience and love of food. The analysis showed that the ideal man in both Lak and English culture is the one who is patient, restrained and able to defend himself and his family, including the situation on the battlefield. The difference between the Lak and the English appeared in the degree of man’s readiness to fight. For the Laks whose life in the past was passing between wars the key factor was their ability to wage war while the English are more reserved and cautious in their actions.

scholarly journals Kinematics and Constraints of the Exechon Robot Accounting Offsets Due to Errors in the Base Joint Axes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. López-Custodio ◽  
J. S. Dai ◽  
R. Fu ◽  
Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Constraint System ◽  
Parallel Platform ◽  
Forward And Inverse Kinematics ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract An Exechon robot with offsets between the axes of the joints that connect the legs to the fixed platform is analyzed for the first time. Ideally these axes intersect constituting two universal and one spherical joints. The introduction of imperfections in these universal and spherical joints leads to more complex forward and inverse kinematics, which are solved in this paper. It is proved that the equations used for the kinematics of the ideal Exechon robot are no longer applicable when these offsets are added. The constraint system is also obtained, and it is found to be different to the one of the ideal case. Finally, the combination of offsets that lead to the largest deviation in the position of the parallel platform is determined.

The modulated average structure of mullite

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Birkenstock ◽  
Václav Petříček ◽  
Bjoern Pedersen ◽  
Hartmut Schneider ◽  
Reinhard X. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Modulated Structure ◽  
Average Structure ◽  
Average Unit ◽  
Ideal Composition ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Average Occupation ◽  
The Ideal

Homogeneous and inclusion-free single crystals of 2:1 mullite (Al4.8Si1.2O9.6) grown by the Czochralski technique were examined by X-ray and neutron diffraction methods. The observed diffuse scattering together with the pattern of satellite reflections confirm previously published data and are thus inherent features of the mullite structure. The ideal composition was closely met as confirmed by microprobe analysis (Al4.82 (3)Si1.18 (1)O9.59 (5)) and by average structure refinements. 8 (5) to 20 (13)% of the available Si was found in theT* position of the tetrahedra triclusters. The strong tendencey for disorder in mullite may be understood from considerations of hypothetical superstructures which would have to ben-fivefold with respect to the three-dimensional average unit cell of 2:1 mullite andn-fourfold in case of 3:2 mullite. In any of these the possible arrangements of the vacancies and of the tetrahedral units would inevitably be unfavorable. Three directions of incommensurate modulations were determined:q1= [0.3137 (2) 0 ½],q2= [0 0.4021 (5) 0.1834 (2)] andq3= [0 0.4009 (5) −0.1834 (2)]. The one-dimensional incommensurately modulated crystal structure associated withq1was refined for the first time using the superspace approach. The modulation is dominated by harmonic occupational modulations of the atoms in the di- and the triclusters of the tetrahedral units in mullite. The modulation amplitudes are small and the harmonic character implies that the modulated structure still represents an average structure in the overall disordered arrangement of the vacancies and of the tetrahedral structural units. In other words, when projecting the local assemblies at the scale of a few tens of average mullite cells into cells determined by either one of the modulation vectorsq1,q2orq3a weak average modulation results with slightly varying average occupation factors for the tetrahedral units. As a result, the real structure of mullite is locally ordered (as previously known), but on the long-range its average is not completely disordered, the modulated structure of mullite may be denoted the true `average structure of mullite'.

scholarly journals Comparison of non-absorbable (polypropylene) versus delayed absorbable (polydioxanone) suture material for abdominal wound closure after laparotomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Pai ◽  
Rajgopal Shenoy ◽  
Chethan K.
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Suture Material ◽  
Fascial Closure ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

Background: Type of suture material used for fascial closure in laparotomies influences the incidence of post-operative complications. Currently there is no consensus on the superiority of either absorbable or non-absorbable suture materials for abdominal fascial closure. Aim of this study was to determine the superior suture material for abdominal wall closure after elective laparotomy among polypropylene and polydioxanone based on the occurrence of specific post-operative complications.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Kasturba hospital, Manipal from September 2014 to August 2016. Patients admitted under General surgery, who underwent midline laparotomy were included in the study. Polydioxanone and Polypropylene suture materials were used for mass closure and post-operative complications were compared.Results: Hundred patients were included. The two study groups (Prolene and Polydioxanone) were homogenous, with no significant difference between age, BMI, co-morbidities and indication for surgery. Surgical site infection was significantly more in prolene group (p=0.031). Duration of surgeries was longer in prolene group (p=0.020), hence, a subgroup analysis was done and only surgeries under 4-hour duration were analysed. It showed no difference between the two groups with respect to surgical site infection (p=0.320). There was no significant difference between the two groups in burst abdomen and incisional hernia.Conclusions: There was no significant difference between Prolene and Polydioxanone when early and late post-operative complications were compared. Hence, either of the two suture materials can be used for abdominal wound closure in elective midline laparotomies.

scholarly journals Kinematic Analysis of the Exechon Robot Accounting Offsets in the Joint Axes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. López-Custodio ◽  
J. S. Dai ◽  
R. Fu ◽  
Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Spherical Joint ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Constraint System ◽  
Parallel Platform ◽  
Forward And Inverse Kinematics ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract An Exechon robot with offsets between the axes of the joints that connect the legs to the fixed platform is analyzed for the first time. Ideally these axes intersect constituting two universal and one spherical joint. The insertion of imperfections in these universal and spherical joints leads to more complex forward and inverse kinematics which are solved in this paper. It is proved that the equations used for the kinematics of the ideal Exechon robot are no longer applicable when these offsets are added. The constraint system is also obtained and it is found to be different to the one of the ideal case. Finally, the combination of offsets that lead to the largest deviation in the position of the parallel platform is determined.

Academic Freedom and the Politics of Truth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Democratic Deliberation ◽  
Public Mind ◽  
Epistemic Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
The One ◽  
Rational Inquiry ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter argues that academic freedom is justified because it is an inherently epistemic practice that serves the ideals of democracy. With Dewey, it is argued that “The one thing that is inherent and essential [to the idea of a university] is the ideal of truth.” But far from being apolitical, the value of pursuing truth and knowledge—the value that justifies academic freedom, both within and without the public mind—is a fundamental democratic value, and for three reasons: the practices of academic inquiry exemplify rational inquiry of the kind needed for democratic deliberation; those practices serve to train students to pursue that kind of inquiry; and those practices are important engines of democratic dissent.

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