EDUKASI DAN PENDAMPINGAN DIET LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI

ABSTRAKHipertensi adalah penyakit kronis yang umum di seluruh dunia dan faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular. Desa Sumber Harta Kabupaten Musi Rawas merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di daerah dataran rendah padat penduduk yang rata-rata pekerjaannya sebagai petani. Data Puskesmas Sumber Harta menyebutkan bahwa angka kejadian hipertensi pada lansia sangat tinggi bahkan kunjungan terbanyak adalah penderita hipertensi mencapai 70%. Para lansia ini juga kurang memahami dampak jangka Panjang hipertensi seperti stroke. Tujuan dalam pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia dan keluarga dalam mencegah komplikasi hipertensi. Mitra dalam pengabdian ini adalah Puskesmas dan Desa Sumber Harta (RT 09 dan 10). Peserta dalam kegiatan ini adalah lansia penderita hipertensi dan keluarga sebanyak 18 orang. Metode dalam kegiatan ini yaitu penyuluhan dan pendampingan pengelolaan diet hipertensi bersama keluarga. Keberhasilan tampak dari semangat dan antusiasnya lansia beserta keluarga. Lansia maupun keluarganya juga berperan aktif dalam menjawab evaluasi tentang materi yang telah disampaikan dan dapat mendemonstrasikan kembali pengolahan bahan makananan untuk diet hipertensi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian terlaksana dengan lancar, pengetahuan lansia dalam memahami diet hipertensi bertambah serta berkomitmen dalam melaksanakan semua anjuran dari tim pengabdian untuk mencegah komplikasi hipertensi. Kata kunci: hipertensi; diet; lansia.ABSTRACTHypertension is a common chronic disease worldwide and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Sumber Harta Village, Musi Rawas Regency is one of the villages located in a densely populated lowland area whose average occupation is as a farmer. Data from the Sumber Harta Health Center stated that the incidence of hypertension in the elderly was very high, even the most visits were people with hypertension reaching 70%. These elderly people also do not understand the long-term impact of hypertension such as stroke. The purpose of the service is to increase the knowledge of the elderly and their families in preventing complications of hypertension. Partners in this service are Puskesmas and Sumber Harta Village (RT 09 and 10). Participants in this activity are elderly people with hypertension and their families as many as 18 people. The method in this activity is counseling and assistance in managing hypertension diet with the family. The success of this event can be seen from the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of the elderly and their families. The elderly and their families also play an active role in answering the evaluation of the material that has been submitted and can demonstrate again the processing of food ingredients for the hypertension diet. The implementation of service activities was carried out smoothly, the knowledge of the elderly and their families in understanding the hypertension diet increased and they were committed to carrying out all the recommendations from the service team to prevent complications of hypertension Keywords: hypertension; diet; elderly people

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Feeding Pattern Traits and Its Relationship to Feed Efficiency and Production Traits in Duroc Pigs

This study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters of different feeding pattern traits, including average daily feed intake (ADFI), average occupation time per day (AOTD), average occupation time per visit (AOTV), average daily feeding rate (ADFR), average feeding rate per feeding visit (AFRV), average feed intake per feeding visit (AFIV), and average number of visits per day (ANVD), and their genetic relationship to production traits, such as on-test average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT), loin muscle area (LMA), lean percentage (LP), and feed efficiency traits, such as feed conversion ratio (FCR) and five measures of residual feed intake (RFI1 to RFI5), in Duroc pigs (DD). The non-heritable common spatial pen effect was also estimated in all studied traits. The feeding pattern traits used in this study were derived from filtered feeding visits of 602 DD pigs. Using three animal models and the REML method, the genetic parameters revealed low to moderate heritability for ADFI (0.19 to 0.32) and AFIV (0.18 to 0.33), moderate heritability for ANVD (0.28 to 0.35) and AOTV (0.21 to 0.31), and high heritability for AOTD (0.73), ADFR (0.62 to 0.64), and AFRV (0.59 to 0.63). The addition of a common spatial pen effect in models 2 and 3 had a substantial impact, ranging from 8% to 23%, on the total variability of most feeding pattern traits, with the exception of AOTD, which only had a percentage variance of 0.30% due to the pen effect. The genetic and phenotypic correlation revealed that ADFI had consistent moderate to high genetic and phenotypic correlation with production and feed efficiency (FE) traits. However, selection against ADFI would negatively affect on-test ADG. Interestingly, the AOTD had no genetic correlation with ADG (0.04), low to moderate positive genetic correlation with FCR (0.27) and all RFI measures (0.24 to 0.33), and moderate negative correlation with LP (−0.39), indicating that selection for DD pigs with lower AOTD would not influence on-test ADG but may increase LP and improve feed efficiency by lowering FCR and all RFI measures. However, the corresponding phenotypic correlation of AOTD with production and feed efficiency traits was mostly weak, which can be attributed to the low residual or environmental correlation between these correlated traits. At the genetic level, the feeding pattern traits showed potential in improving feed efficiency and production traits. However, further studies are needed to evaluate their impact at phenotypic level.

Population characteristics and distribution patterns of slum areas in Palembang City: Getis ord gi* analysis

The paper aims to describe the population characteristics and the distribution patterns of slums in Palembang City. The research employs a quantitative method with 382 respondents. The data are analyzed using cross-tabulation of IBM SPSS 23 to know the population characteristics. Meanwhile, the distribution patterns of slums are analyzed by observing the sample distribution through the proportional random sampling technique. It is carried out by calculating the number of buildings of each area and noting the coordinates of each sample using GPS essentials application. The data are recorded and inserted into the sample spots on the map, which were then analyzed using the High-Low Clustering Report of Getis Ord General Gi*, to see the distribution pattern, especially the cold spot and hot spot, through ArcMap 103 program. The research found that non-migrant married Moslems dominate the population of Palembang city, with the average occupation is labor or manual worker. The slum distribution forms a low cluster pattern, meaning that it has a low value. The value is due to the government’s effort to manage the city and the development of the market sector, limiting the slum distribution. Getis Ord Gi* analysis revealed that the slum area in the city center and within a dense population is a cold spot (low cluster), while those far from the city center yet are still crowded are hot spots (high cluster).

The modulated average structure of mullite

Homogeneous and inclusion-free single crystals of 2:1 mullite (Al4.8Si1.2O9.6) grown by the Czochralski technique were examined by X-ray and neutron diffraction methods. The observed diffuse scattering together with the pattern of satellite reflections confirm previously published data and are thus inherent features of the mullite structure. The ideal composition was closely met as confirmed by microprobe analysis (Al4.82 (3)Si1.18 (1)O9.59 (5)) and by average structure refinements. 8 (5) to 20 (13)% of the available Si was found in theT* position of the tetrahedra triclusters. The strong tendencey for disorder in mullite may be understood from considerations of hypothetical superstructures which would have to ben-fivefold with respect to the three-dimensional average unit cell of 2:1 mullite andn-fourfold in case of 3:2 mullite. In any of these the possible arrangements of the vacancies and of the tetrahedral units would inevitably be unfavorable. Three directions of incommensurate modulations were determined:q1= [0.3137 (2) 0 ½],q2= [0 0.4021 (5) 0.1834 (2)] andq3= [0 0.4009 (5) −0.1834 (2)]. The one-dimensional incommensurately modulated crystal structure associated withq1was refined for the first time using the superspace approach. The modulation is dominated by harmonic occupational modulations of the atoms in the di- and the triclusters of the tetrahedral units in mullite. The modulation amplitudes are small and the harmonic character implies that the modulated structure still represents an average structure in the overall disordered arrangement of the vacancies and of the tetrahedral structural units. In other words, when projecting the local assemblies at the scale of a few tens of average mullite cells into cells determined by either one of the modulation vectorsq1,q2orq3a weak average modulation results with slightly varying average occupation factors for the tetrahedral units. As a result, the real structure of mullite is locally ordered (as previously known), but on the long-range its average is not completely disordered, the modulated structure of mullite may be denoted the true `average structure of mullite'.

Analysis of poultry eating and drinking behavior by software eYeNamic

Constant presence of at least one operator in livestock buildings for broilers would allow a perfect control of animal behaviour and, especially, deviations in feeding and drinking patterns, in the perspective of a high welfare status. However, as nowadays it is impossible for a farmer to be present in the farm all day long, automatic monitoring systems are required. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a system (eYeNamic) for automatic monitoring and analyzing broilers’ behavior in a farm. eYeNamic is a camera system introduced and produced by Fancom BV, a company operating in the field of automation of livestock facilities. It includes three cameras located on the ridge of the broiler house and able to monitor chickens’ behaviour twenty-four hours a day. Through eYeNamic it is possible to process the images and to obtain a measure of animals’ distribution and activity, which can be conceived as valuable indicators of animal welfare. The study presented in this paper was divided into several phases: data collection, images visualization, observation of the distribution and activity of the chickens, and statistical analysis of the observations. The analysis of correlation between the number of 14 days old broilers near the feeding line (manual counted) and the average occupation density measured with eYenamic indicates that the best conditions have occurred with a 50 cm by 75 cm area around each feeding pan. With reference to the drinking line, the best response was found in an area 50 cm wide and the whole drinking line long. For the activity behavior, there was no significant correlation between activity and number of chickens eating from all the pans: this confirms that broilers while eating reduce their activity. It was concluded from this study that eYeNamic is a good system to observe animal behavior and, especially, to take care of their drinking and eating behaviour. A satisfactory correspondence between eYeNamic remote and human observations depends on a correct definition of animals’ eating behaviour. In our case, this correspondence is established for the manual labeling, only if a broiler maintains its whole head inside the pan for a period lasting 20 seconds. In many cases the simple closeness to the pan or drinking line does not guarantee that a broiler is eating or drinking.