scholarly journals Coronary heart disease: outlook for Africa

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R P Walker ◽  
P Sareli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Level ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
White Population ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
Increases In Risk

In Africa, coronary heart disease (CHD) is near absent in rural areas, and very uncommon in urban centres, where many Africans are in an advanced stage of transition. Among town dwellers intakes of food, especially fat, have risen and intakes of fibre-containing foods have fallen. Mean serum cholesterol level is almost double that of rural populations living traditionally. Obesity in females has risen enormously. Prevalence of hypertension exceeds that in the white population. The same applies to the practice of smoking in males, but not in females. The level of physical activity has fallen generally. With these increases in risk factors we can expect urban Africans to attain the high mortality rate for CHD now experienced by Afro-Americans. Prevention by urging reversion to previous lifestyle behaviour is a non-starter. However, as long as Africa remains impoverished, a major rise in CHD is unlikely.

scholarly journals The Association of Alcohol and Alcohol Metabolizing Gene Variants with Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in a White Population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e11735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Lotte N. Husemoen ◽  
Torben Jørgensen ◽  
Knut Borch-Johnsen ◽  
Torben Hansen ◽  
Oluf Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
White Population ◽  
Heart Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

scholarly journals Coronary Heart Disease in South-Asian Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
MDP Gooneratne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Post Menopausal

ABSTRACT With the demographic transition in the South-Asian region coronary heart disease in post menopausal women is a major challenge. Women with myocardial infarction often have atypical presentation and have a higher mortality. In South-Asia there is high prevalence of coronary heart disease among women and there is an increasing incidence in both urban and rural areas. While obesity and lack of exercise contribute largely to traditional risk factors in South-Asian women in midlife, nontraditional newer risk factors seem to play a major role in increased prevalence and mortality. Early prevention strategies targeting diet, physical exercise and mental stress are important in preventing further increase of coronary heart disease in South- Asian women. How to cite this article Gooneratne MDP. Coronary Heart Disease in South-Asian Women. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(2):84-87.

Abstract 5090: Impact of Adding a Single Allele in the 9p21 Locus to Traditional Risk Factors on Risk Classification for Coronary Heart Disease and Implications for Lipid-Modifying Therapy in the White Population of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Brautbar ◽  
Christie Ballantyne ◽  
Kim Lawson ◽  
Vijay Nambi ◽  
Lloyd Chambless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
White Population ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Aric Study

Aim: A single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 9p21, rs10757274 (9p21 allele), has been shown to be a predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) in whites. We evaluated if the addition of the 9p21 allele to traditional risk factors (TRF) improved CHD risk prediction in the white population of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, and whether changes in risk prediction will modify lipid therapy recommendation. Methods: Whites (n=10,004) in the ARIC study for whom the 9p21 genotype and TRF (age, gender, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, HDL-C, and anti-hypertensive medication use) information was available were included. Using Cox proportional hazards models, the ARIC Cardiovascular Risk Score (ACRS) which is based on TRF was determined. The impact of adding the 9p21 allele to TRF with respect to the area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and then risk strata reclassification was determined. Results: The addition of 9p21 allele to TRF was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.25 (p<0.0001) and an increase in the AUC for incident CHD from 0.776 to 0.780 (Δ= 0.004, 95% CI=0.001, 0.008). The 9p21 allele’s greatest influence to the ACRS (Table ) was observed in the intermediate (5–10% 10-year CHD risk) and intermediate-high (10 –20% 10-year CHD risk) categories with 19.3% and 16.9% reclassified, respectively, which would impact therapy, as approximately 90% of these individuals had LDL-C >100 mg/dL. Table: Reclassification in the different ACRS categories after the addition of the 9p21 allele to the traditional risk factors

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