scholarly journals The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions: Results of the International Body Project I

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viren Swami ◽  
David A. Frederick ◽  
Toivo Aavik ◽  
Lidia Alcalay ◽  
Jüri Allik ◽  
...  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred L. Bunnell

Data on lambing periods from 30 populations of North American mountain sheep are reviewed. Among all populations lambing begins later and duration is shorter at more northern altitudes (p < 0.00006). Correlations are enhanced (p < 0.00003) when latitude is replaced by a phenological index incorporating altitude. Termination of lambing is not correlated with latitude or with phenological index. Two broad patterns are evident. Populations feeding on vegetation of less predictable growth patterns ("desert type") have lengthy lambing seasons; populations feeding on vegetation exhibiting more predictable growth patterns ("alpine type") have shorter lambing seasons, typically two oestrous cycles in length. Definition of "types" by latitude or sheep taxonomy reveals significant differences in lambing periods, but correlations are enhanced when "types" are defined on the basis of habitat.Among taxa, birth weights are correlated with female body weight (rs = 0.87). Birth weights are heavier in extreme environments, seasonal growth patterns are expressed better in the alpine type, and early weight gain is most rapid in the northernmost subspecies. All populations show a strong central tendency with regard to peak lambing (17 May ± 6.8 days). Departures from that tendency respond more to predictability of vegetation than to thermal stress or predation pressure.


2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1867-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. He ◽  
S. S. Zhang ◽  
Q. Meng ◽  
S. Li ◽  
H. H. Zhu ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brzuska ◽  
J. Kouřil ◽  
J. Adamek ◽  
Z. Stupka ◽  
V. Bekh

The results of reproduction were tested in females of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822) after stimulation of ovulation with carp pituitary (4 mg/kg body weight) or with Lecirelin (15 &mu;g/kg) and metoclopramide (10 mg/kg). After administering the synthetic substance eggs were obtained from all females while in the group treated with pituitary homogenate 7 out of 8 hypophysed females spawned. The applied spawning agent did not significantly influence the weight of eggs expressed in grams, but in the case of females treated with carp pituitary homogenate a significantly higher weight of eggs expressed as the percentage of body weight of fish was recorded. The applied stimulators of ovulation did not affect any trait reflecting the quality of eggs. Females used as an experimental material belonged to two categories in respect of body weight: lighter females with average body weight of 2.63 &plusmn; 0.36 kg and heavier females with average body weight of 3.91 &plusmn; 0.48 kg. It was proved that the weight of eggs expressed either in grams or as a percentage of a female&rsquo;s weight was significantly related to the body weight of a female (P &le; 0.01 and P &le; 0.05, respectively), as well as the percentage of fertilised eggs and the percentage of living embryos after 28 hours of incubation (P &le; 0.05 and P &le; 0.05, respectively). The interaction between the stimulator of ovulation and the female body weight was significant only for traits reflecting the weight of obtained eggs (P &le; 0.05 and P &le; 0.01). &nbsp;


Author(s):  
Amanda Wood ◽  
Jennifer Utter ◽  
Elizabeth Robinson ◽  
Shanthi Ameratunga ◽  
Theresa Fleming ◽  
...  

Abstract Body dissatisfaction has been extensively studied but, recently, the importance of body satisfaction and its attributing factors has received significant recognition. Also, there is an increasing awareness of the need for research examining body dissatisfaction and satisfaction in youth other than North American females. Thus, the current research examined the prevalence of, and the individual, social, and familial factors associated with, body-weight satisfaction among New Zealand male and female adolescents (n=9107). Data were analysed from Youth ’07, a nationally representative survey of New Zealand secondary school students. Overall, half of students were happy with their weight, with significantly more males than females reporting body-weight satisfaction. Students happiest with their weight were most likely to report healthy and supportive social and family environments, as well as higher levels of well-being. These findings are consistent with a growing body of research that suggests creating positive peer and family environments may lead to better developmental outcomes, such as body satisfaction, and also higher levels of well-being.


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