School Composition and Context Factors that Moderate and Predict 10th-Grade Science Proficiency

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1096-1136
Author(s):  
Mark C. Hogrebe ◽  
William F. Tate
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
School Context ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Demographic Composition ◽  
Context Factors ◽  
10Th Grade ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
Science Scores ◽  
Science Proficiency ◽  
Proficiency Scores

Background Performance in high school science is a critical indicator of science literacy and regional competitiveness. Factors that influence science proficiency have been studied using national databases, but these do not answer all questions about variable relationships at the state level. School context factors and opportunities to learn science may vary geographically across states and interact with demographic composition variables. Purpose The purpose was to examine relationships between 10th-grade science proficiency and school context factors related to school environment, courses, and teachers. The moderating or interaction effects were examined for the school demographic composition variables of free/reduced lunch and minority percentages on variable relationships with science proficiency scores. Population and Unit of Analysis Data for this study consisted of all Missouri high schools in 2002 with a 10th-grade class size of at least 25 students (N = 423). Unit of analysis was the single school. Research Design This was a secondary data analysis study that used variables collected annually from all schools in Missouri. Multiple regression was used to examine relationships and moderating effects of school demographic composition. Predictor variables were grouped into three categories for school context: school environment, course-related, and teacher-related. The outcome variable was 10th-grade scientific attainment as measured by the Missouri state proficiency test in science. Results School context variables of higher dropout and mobility rates signaled greater risk factors, especially when moderated by free/reduced-price lunch percentage (FRL pct) and minority status. When FRL pct and Minority pct were higher, lower science proficiency scores were associated with elevated dropout rates. Similarly, greater mobility was related to lower science scores when school FRL pct was high. Some school-level variables interacted positively with FRL pct and minority status, which resulted in higher science scores. Schools with more FRL and minority students achieved higher science proficiency scores when they had a greater percentage of courses taught by highly qualified teachers and more teachers were regularly certified. Higher science scores were associated with greater percentages of master's degree teachers in schools with a larger percentage of minority students. A surprising finding revealed a geographic influence and demonstrates why testing for interactions can lead to better understanding of the data. Conclusions The findings are consistent with the status attainment literature and the theoretical arguments associated with geography and educational attainment in that socioeconomic status and minority status are important predictive factors in Missouri. As an extension of previous research, this study demonstrates that the school composition variables of FRL pct and Minority pct are significantly related to science proficiency in the 10th grade. Not only are they predictive of science proficiency scores, but they also interact with each other and moderate the relationships between school context variables and 10th-grade science scores. This study suggests that teacher quality in high-poverty majority-minority school settings remains an important policy target for reform and improvement.

LGB-Parent Families and the School Context

2016 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Abbie E. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Context ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Bisexual

Children are influenced by multiple contexts, including their families and schools. Research on children with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) parents has primarily focused on their experiences within their families, with little attention to experiences in the school context. The lack of research on the family–school interface of LGB parent families is troubling because these families are vulnerable to marginalization, exclusion, and stigma in the broader society, which likely extend to the school environment. This chapter reviews research on the academic achievement, social functioning, and bullying of children with LGB parents. When relevant, the author emphasizes race/ethnicity, social class, geographic location, and other key social locations that may shape the experiences of LGB–parent families, then addresses research on LGB parents themselves, including their experiences in selecting and interacting with their children’s schools. The chapter ends with recommendations for educators and practitioners who may encounter LGB parent families.

Educational Expectations among Immigrant Youth: Links to Segmented Assimilation and School Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-278
Author(s):  
Christina J. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
School Context ◽  
Immigrant Youth ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Segmented Assimilation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
National Education ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
First And Second Generation

Although schools are important socialization venues for all children, they also serve as sites of acculturation for immigrant youth. According to segmented assimilation theory, first- and second-generation students experience divergent trajectories of incorporation, in part, because they are exposed to school contexts that support or stifle their attainment. I argue that such a process must have social-psychological underpinnings, which I examine by relating children’s educational expectations to their school environment during adolescence. Specifically, I use the National Education Longitudinal Study to assess differences in expectations by school context among immigrant and U.S.-origin youth between eighth and 12th grades. Results indicate that students in comparably disadvantaged school environments report lower expectations, though this relationship is driven by household resources and student characteristics. I also find that most students exhibit increases in their educational expectations, and that such changes are not systemically patterned by school context. This article sheds light on the goals of immigrant youth and the extent to which these plans transform from childhood to adolescence.

Professional Learning Among School Leaders in Secondary Education: The Impact of Personal and Work Context Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth van Veelen ◽  
Peter J. C. Sleegers ◽  
Maaike D. Endedijk
Keyword(s):  
School Leadership ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
School Context ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Learning Climate ◽  
Career Awareness ◽  
Context Factors ◽  
Task Variation

Purpose: School leadership is fundamental in efforts to successfully implement school reform and improve student and teacher learning. Although there is an abundant amount of research on school leaders’ formal training, assessment, and practice, little is known about their informal professional learning. In other words, how do school leaders learn at the workplace? To answer this question, we took an interactionist approach and argued that school leadership learning is based on the interplay between the school environment and the person. Specifically, we investigated the effect of school context (learning climate, social support), task (task variation), and the personal factor self-efficacy on both individual (reflection and career awareness) and social (asking for feedback and challenging groupthink) learning activities. Method: A questionnaire was administered among 1,150 school leaders in Dutch secondary education. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships between our model variables. Findings: Self-efficacy positively predicted all four learning activities. Task variation positively predicted asking for feedback and reflection. Learning climate positively predicted asking for feedback, reflection, and career awareness. Interestingly, the effect of social support was twofold: It positively predicted social learning, but it negatively predicted individual learning. Finally, self-efficacy was an important mediator in the relationship between school context and professional learning. Conclusions: This study demonstrates how personal, task, and school context factors affect school leaders’ professional learning. These insights help develop tools and conditions for leaders to reflect and discuss on their practice, and to set an example for lifelong learning in schools.

Discriminatory peer aggression among children as a function of minority status and group proportion in school context

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Durkin ◽  
Simon Hunter ◽  
Kate A. Levin ◽  
Dermot Bergin ◽  
Derek Heim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Context ◽  
Peer Aggression ◽  
Minority Status

scholarly journals Educação em saúde sexual e reprodutiva do adolescente escolar

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurilo De Sousa Franco ◽  
Maryanna Tallyta Silva Barreto ◽  
José Willian De Carvalho ◽  
Pallysson Paulo Da Silva ◽  
William Caracas Moreiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
School Context ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
School Level ◽  
Adolescent Students

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de estudantes do Curso de Enfermagem na implementação de intervenções educacionais para a promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva do adolescente escolar. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvida a partir das seguintes etapas: 1) Capacitação discente; 2) Apresentação do Projeto de Pesquisa; 3) Diagnóstico situacional no contexto escolar; 4) Seleção das temáticas; 5) Planejamento de estratégias e abordagens e 6) Execução e avaliação. As informações foram discutidas em concordância com a literatura. Resultados: notou-se a carência no conhecimento dos adolescentes escolares acerca da temática da saúde sexual e reprodutiva, entretanto, a intervenção no ambiente escolar mostrou ser um ambiente promissor para o processo de educação em saúde realizado, sobretudo, pelo enfermeiro no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família com outros profissionais da saúde e da educação. Conclusão: enfatiza-se a necessidade de atividades no âmbito escolar a fim de promover o conhecimento e adoção hábitos e práticas saudáveis que impactem e assegurem aos estudantes riscos mínimos de injúrias à saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Descritores: Educação em Saúde; Promoção da Saúde; Serviços de Saúde Escolar; Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva; Saúde do Adolescente; Enfermagem.AbstractObjective: to report the experience of Nursing Course students, in the implementation of educational interventions for the promotion of the sexual and reproductive health of adolescent students. Method: it is a descriptive study, of related experience type, developed from the following steps: 1) Student training; 2) Presentation of the Research Project; 3) Situational diagnosis in the school context; 4) Selection of themes; 5) Planning strategies and approaches and 6) Execution and evaluation. The information was discussed in accordance with the literature. Results: there was a lack of knowledge among adolescent students about the theme of sexual and reproductive health, however, the intervention in the school environment proved to be a promising environment for the health education process carried out, above all, by nurses within the scope of the Strategy Family Health with other health and education professionals. Conclusion: the need for activities at the school level is emphasized to promote knowledge and adoption of healthy habits and practices that impact and ensure students the minimum risk of injury to sexual and reproductive health. Descriptors: Health Education; Health Promotion; School Health Services; Sexual and Reproductive Health; Adolescent Health; Nursing. ResumenObjetivo: reportar la experiencia de los estudiantes del Curso de Enfermería en la implementación de intervenciones educativas para la promoción de la salud sexual y reproductiva del adolescente escolar. Método: es un estudio descriptivo, tipo de informe de experiencia, desarrollado a partir de los siguientes pasos: 1) Capacitación de estudiantes; 2) Presentación del Proyecto de Investigación; 3) Diagnóstico situacional en el contexto escolar; 4) Selección de temas; 5) Planificación de estrategias y enfoques 6) Ejecución y evaluación. Las informaciones fueron discutidas de acuerdo con la literatura. Resultados: hubo una falta de conocimiento entre los adolescentes escolares sobre el tema de la salud sexual y reproductiva, sin embargo, la intervención en el entorno escolar demostró ser un entorno prometedor para el proceso de educación sanitaria llevado a cabo, sobre todo, por el enfermero dentro del alcance de la Estrategia Salud Familiar con otros profesionales de la salud y la educación. Conclusión: se enfatiza la necesidad de actividades a nivel escolar para promover el conocimiento y la adopción de hábitos y prácticas saludables que impactan y aseguran a los estudiantes el riesgo mínimo de lesiones a la salud sexual y reproductiva. Descriptores: Educación en Salud; Promoción de la Salud; Servicios de Salud Escolar; Salud Sexual y Reproductiva; Salud del Adolescente; Enfermería.

scholarly journals Tecnologia versus Desempenho Educacional: um Estudo Sobre a Performance das Escolas

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Lauro Nogueira ◽  
José Vitor Cosme Lima ◽  
Bianca Alencar Vieria
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Context ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Unobservable Factors

O uso de tecnologias no contexto escolar tem se tornado algo essencial nos últimos anos. Nesse ensejo, professores, alunos e demais profissionais envolvidos fazem uso frequente das mais diversas ferramentas tecnológicas em praticamente todas as atividades. Todavia, ainda não há consenso sobre a forma mais eficiente desses recursos no ambiente escolar. Diante disso, este estudo teve como principal objetivo investigar qual a influência das ferramentas tecnológicas no desempenho dos estudantes das escolas brasileiras. Para tanto, aplicou-se o método de inferências em distribuições contrafatuais desenvolvida por Chernozhukov, Fernandez-Val e Melly (2013), sobre os dados da Provinha Brasil 2013. Os principais resultados indicam que o instrumental tecnológico tem grande importância nos resultados educacionais. Porém, há diferenças substanciais conforme região e pontos da distribuição. Especificamente na Região Nordeste, a contribuição do arcabouço tecnológico cai pela metade. Por exemplo, o efeito do tratamento médio do acesso à internet de banda larga para as escolas de todo o país é de 3,4% contra 1,7% para escolas nordestinas na mesma faixa etária de resultado educacional observado.  No tocante à decomposição do efeito do tratamento, os resultados informam que as características observáveis são cruciais nos resultados educacionais. Além disso, verifica-se que os efeitos dos fatores não observáveis são bastante incipientes. Palavras-chave: Tecnologia. Desempenho das Escolas. IDC. AbstractThe use of technologies in the school context has become essential in recent years. In this context, teachers, students and other professionals involved make frequent use of the most diverse technological tools in practically all activities. However, there is still no consensus on the most efficient form of these resources in the school environment. Therefore, this study had as main objective to investigate the influence of the technological tools on the students’ performance of the Brazilian schools. In order to do so, Inference Method was applied in counterfactual distributions developed by Chernozhukov, Fernandez-Val and Melly (2013), on the data of Provinha Brasil 2013. The main results indicate the technological instruments and great importance in the educational results. However, there are substantial regional nouns and distribution points. Specifically in the Northeast Region, the contribution of the technological framework is halved. For example, the average treatment effect of broadband Internet access such as schools across the country of 3.4% versus 1.7% for northeastern schools in the same age range of observed educational outcome. Regarding the decomposition of the treatment effect, the results report that the observable characteristics are crucial in educational outcomes. In addition, the effects of unobservable factors are quite insipid. Keywords: Technology. Performance of schools. IDC.

scholarly journals Bullying in school environment: the educators’ understanding

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Felipe Soares Salgado ◽  
Wanderlei Abadio de Oliveira ◽  
Jorge Luiz Da Silva ◽  
Beatriz Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Marta Angélica Iossi Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Context ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
The Family

Introduction: Bullying is a type of violence between peers characterized by intentionality, repetition and imbalance of power between victims and aggressors. The occurrence of bullying in the school context impairs students' learning and healthy development. Objective: To analyze the educators' understanding of bullying in the school environment. Methods: Cross-sectional and qualitative study carried out with 16 educators (principals, deputy principals, pedagogical coordinators and teachers) from two public schools in a city in the interior of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews that followed a script produced from indications in the specialized literature were conducted. The content of the interviews was recorded and transcribed in full. The interpretation of the data followed the assumptions of content analysis, in its thematic modality, considering the following steps: pre-analysis, exploration of the material, treatment of results and interpretation. Results: Three thematic categories were identified: 1) The centrality of families in the problems of schools in relation to the conception of educators; 2) Beliefs that establish explanatory links for bullying; and 3) Intervention actions developed in relation to bullying. The results show that educators' beliefs hold families exclusively responsible for school problems and bullying. These conceptions stem from situations experienced in everyday life or from speeches of other education professionals who reiterate the absence of families and the little parental involvement in the issues of formal education of children as the major problem. Narratives of this nature denote the absence of an expanded understanding of bullying and its complexity. In addition to the family, the educators pointed out the influences of personality, the media and social standards as factors that can explain the involvement of students in bullying situations. For the participants, the most effective responses to minimize or respond adequately to school bullying require the participation of the family and some did not believe that the school could do something effective alone. In the data set, it was noticed that the educators' beliefs and understandings about the problem of bullying prevent measures aimed at school aspects, which are more proximal to the occurrence of bullying, from being implemented. Conclusion: It is concluded that the investigated educators need to expand their understanding of bullying, in order to develop effective actions to face this phenomenon in schools, which also include the participation of families.

scholarly journals Characterization of Basic Education Teachers Based on the Social Cognitive Model of Job Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maély Ferreira Holanda Ramos ◽  
Fernando Augusto Ramos Pontes ◽  
Simone Souza da Costa Silva ◽  
Edson Marcos Leal Ramos ◽  
Daniela Couto Guerreiro Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
School Context ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Model

Abstract Teachers’ job satisfaction and the factors that contribute to it are important in the school context as theycanaffect teachers’ motivation and performance. This study aims to identify the dimensions associated with the degree of satisfaction amongbasic education teachers based on the Social Cognitive Model of Teacher Job Satisfaction and the degree of collective teacher efficacy. This study applied quantitative research methods to a sample of 495 basic education teachers within a network of private schools in three Brazilian states. The results indicate that positive affect and life satisfaction were the factors most strongly associated with job satisfaction. There was no association between efficacy beliefs (self-efficacy and collective efficacy) and job satisfaction. Elementary school teachers had the most negative perceptions of teaching. Specific aspectsof the school environment, such as a lack of student discipline, may have contributed to this result.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document