Will Johnny See Daddy This Week?

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINDA S. STEPHENS
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Paternal Involvement ◽  
Marital Disruption ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Nonresidential Fathers ◽  
Noncustodial Fathers ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this analysis is to examine the determinants of postdivorce contact between nonresidential fathers and their children after marital disruption and to evaluate the relative merit of three sociological perspectives on postdivorce contact: (a) social parenting, (b) marital-involvement parenting, and (c) socioeconomic-advantaged parenting. The results suggest that fathers have limited contact with their children postdivorce that decreases over time. The fathers' socioeconomic characteristics appear to temper this reduction in fathers' involvement with their children after marital disruption. As fathers develop new relationships postdivorce, their level of involvement with their children is reduced, whereas mothers' remarriage only affects the probability of fathers' having weekly contact with their children. For the most part, characteristics of the children, their mothers, and the former marriages, which ordinarily are positively associated with paternal involvement during marriage, did not affect the level of postdivorce visitation. Noncustodial fathers, however, were more likely to see young children every week than were fathers of school-age children.

Behavioral inhibition and anxiety disorders: Multiple levels of a resilience process

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Amey Degnan ◽  
Nathan A. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Resilience Process ◽  
Withdrawal Motivation ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Over Time

Behavioral inhibition is reported to be one of the most stable temperamental characteristics in childhood. However, there is also evidence for discontinuity of this trait, with infants and toddlers who were extremely inhibited displaying less withdrawn social behavior as school-age children or adolescents. There are many possible explanations for the discontinuity in this temperament over time. They include the development of adaptive attention and regulatory skills, the influence of particular styles of parenting or caregiving contexts, and individual characteristics of the child such as their level of approach–withdrawal motivation or their gender. These discontinuous trajectories of behaviorally inhibited children and the factors that form them are discussed as examples of the resilience process.

Parents' Perceptions of the Overall Impact of Stuttering on Young Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Linn Stokke Guttormsen ◽  
J. Scott Yaruss ◽  
Kari-Anne Bottegård Næss
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Cognitive Reactions ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction Research has revealed the presence of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions in young children who stutter; however, prior studies have not examined the overall impact of stuttering on young children's lives. Such information is necessary for improving understanding of how stuttering affects young children and for ensuring appropriate early intervention. Method This study employed an adaptation of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering for School-Age Children that was designed to ask parents about their perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their young children. Thirty-eight parents of young children who stutter (2–5 years of age) provided their perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their children. Parents rated how certain they were in their judgments using a 5-point scale to provide an indication of their confidence in proxy ratings of impact. Results Results indicated that, on average, parents perceived that stuttering affected their children negatively. Qualitatively, parents provided descriptions of the impact of stuttering on their children's quality of life, communication difficulties across people and situations, and reactions to stuttering; they also commented on their own feelings and strategies for handling impact. On average, parents perceived themselves to be certain in rating the impact of stuttering on their children. Conclusions Results indicated that parents identified adverse impact in their children's lives. Even though parents considered themselves to be certain in their impact ratings, clinicians and researchers should also assess the perspective of the children if appropriate. This is because present findings reveal that parents may not have insight into all aspects of impact, in particular, cognitive reactions to stuttering. Still, parents' perceptions of impact are important for clinicians to consider when giving recommendations for therapy, as they can provide important insight into the family's needs.

Pain and nurses' emotion work in a paediatric clinic: Treatment procedures and nurse-child alignments

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Rindstedt
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Paediatric Oncology ◽  
Emotion Work ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Child Participation ◽  
Video Ethnography ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Cancer In Children

In the treatment of cancer in children, treatment procedures have been reported to be one of the most feared elements, as more painful than the illness as such. This study draws on a video ethnography of routine needle procedure events, as part of fieldwork at a paediatric oncology clinic documenting everyday treatment negotiations between nurses and young children. On the basis of detailed transcriptions of verbal and nonverbal staff–child interaction, the analyses focus on ways in which pain and anxiety can be seen as phenomena that are partly contingent on nurses’ emotion work. The school-age children did not display fear. In the preschool group, though, pain and fear seemed to be phenomena that were greatly reduced through nurses’ emotion work. This study focuses on three preschoolers facing potentially painful treatment, showing how the nurses engaged in massive emotion work with the children, through online commentaries, interactive formats (delegation of tasks, consent sequences, collaborative ‘we’-formats), as well as solidarity-oriented moves (such as praise and endearment terms). Even a young toddler would handle the distress of needle procedures, when interacting with an inventive nurse who mobilized child participation through skilful emotion work.

scholarly journals A Gendered Pandemic: Childcare, Homeschooling, and Parents’ Employment During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Petts ◽  
Daniel L. Carlson ◽  
Joanna R. Pepin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Father Involvement ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Full Time ◽  
School Age ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Increased Risk

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected employment, particularly for mothers. Many believe that the loss of childcare and homeschooling requirements are key contributors to this trend, but previous work has been unable to test these hypotheses due to data limitations. This study uses novel data from 989 partnered, US parents to empirically examine whether the loss of childcare and new homeschooling demands are associated with employment outcomes early in the pandemic. We also consider whether the division of childcare prior to the pandemic is associated with parents’ employment. For parents with young children, the loss of full-time childcare was associated with an increased risk of unemployment for mothers but not fathers. Yet, father involvement in childcare substantially buffered against negative employment outcomes for mothers of young children. For parents with school-age children, participation in homeschooling was associated with adverse employment outcomes for mothers but not fathers. Overall, this study provides empirical support for the current discourse on gender differences in employment during the pandemic and also highlights the role fathers can play in buffering against reduced labor force participation among mothers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of malnutrition in infants, young children, and school‐age children in Milot Region, Haiti

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Rollet ◽  
Elaine Siew ◽  
Harold Previl ◽  
Nadia Etienne ◽  
Janet Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

A Eutectic Mixture of Lidocaine and Prilocaine for Alleviating Vaccination Pain in Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTI UHARI
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Uptake Rates

The discomfort and pain caused by vaccination may prevent some parents from having their young children vaccinated. Immunization uptake is good among school-age children, but uptake rates average only about 70% in younger children and figures as low as 25% have been reported at 19 months.1-4 Yet it would be important to achieve as high an immunization uptake as possible, since if the vaccination coverage is good enough, even nonvaccinated individuals will be protected by the herd immunity that hinders the occurrence of epidemics.1,5 Painful procedures are frightening, especially in infancy, when children do not understand what is happening to them.

A Study on the Predictors of Child Maltreatment among Young Children at Home: With an understanding of maltreatment among school-age children

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Kang ◽  
◽  
Hwa Jung Jang ◽  
Kyung Hee Kim ◽  
Mi Kyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Young Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
At Home

Physical and psychological maltreatment in middle childhood and adolescence

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Crittenden ◽  
Angelika H. Claussen ◽  
David B. Sugarman
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
School Age ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Physical Neglect

AbstractAlthough maltreatment is known to have detrimental effects on socioemotional development, the relation of those effects to type of maltreatment and child age is not clear. Most studies either focus solely on physical abuse or do not differentiate among types of maltreatment. Furthermore, most concentrate on young children. Studies of psychological maltreatment in young children indicate that physical abuse and psychological maltreatment tend to co-occur, severity of injury is not related to severity of psychological maltreatment or to developmental problems, and severity of psychological maltreatment is related to developmental outcomes. The present study investigated (a) relations among types of physical and psychological maltreatment and (b) their effect on development in an ethnically diverse sample of maltreated school-age children and adolescents. The results indicated that, as in young children, physical and psychological maltreatment co-occurred in most cases. As with young children, severity of emotional abuse was related to severity of physical neglect in school-age children; among adolescents, however, it was related to severity of physical injury. Moreover, severity of emotional abuse was related to both behavior problems and depression. The differences between the patterns of effects for school-age children and those for adolescents are discussed, as are implications of the findings for intervention.

scholarly journals Trends and Correlates of Overweight among Pre-School Age Children, Adolescent Girls, and Adult Women in South Asia: An Analysis of Data from Twelve National Surveys in Six Countries over Twenty Years

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassandra L. Harding ◽  
Victor M. Aguayo ◽  
Patrick Webb
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
School Age ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Over Time

Overweight has become a global pandemic and is associated with a rise in diet-related non-communicable diseases and associated co-morbidities. Most of the world’s undernourished people live in South Asia, yet the number of overweight and obese individuals in this region is growing. This study explores trends and correlates of overweight among pre-school age children, adolescent girls, and adult women in South Asia. Using pooled data from 12 national surveys in six countries, generalized linear mixed models were run to analyze relationships. Overweight children had significantly higher odds than non-overweight children of having an overweight mother (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.34, p < 0.01). Overweight adolescent girls were more likely to come from a wealthier household (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (APR): 2.46, p < 0.01) in an urban area (1.74, p < 0.01), and have formal education (1.22, p < 0.01), compared to non-overweight girls. Similar relationships were seen among overweight vs. non-overweight adult women. In Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, overweight among girls and women increased over time, while differentials associated with household wealth, urban residence, and formal education attenuated over time. Overweight and obesity are becoming more prevalent across South Asia in a context of persisting undernutrition. Once a condition of the wealthier, more educated and urban, rates of overweight are increasing among poorer, less educated, and rural women. This requires immediate attention to ‘multi-use’ policies and programmes.

The Early Use and Development of Graphic Formulas: Two Case Study Reports of Graphic Formula Production by 2- to 3-year-old Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Early Use ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Insight Into

Graphic formulas are an important denotational device in the drawing repertoires of adults and school-age children. They provide a stable basis for working out, modifying, and elaborating various aspects of graphicrepresentation. As such, they might also serve as useful graphic devices for very young children who are just beginning to use drawing as a representational medium. However, there are very few studies which have examined graphic formula production in the earliest phases of drawing. The case study reports presented here focus on the use and elaboration of graphic formulas by two 2to 3-year-old children. They provide strong evidence, first, that graphic formulas are indeed available to even very young children. Secondly, they provide insight into the developmental processes by which the elaboration and reorganisation of graphic formulas occurs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document