Incarceration and Living Arrangements

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. London ◽  
Wendy M. Parker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
United States Today ◽  
History Of

The authors use data from the 1992 National Health and Social Life Survey to examine the association between incarceration and living arrangements, net of a range of sociodemographic and early life characteristics. Relative to living with a spouse and child(ren), there is evidence that a history of incarceration is strongly associated with several nonnuclear living arrangements, including living alone, as a sole adult with child(ren), with a partner and child(ren), with a partner but no child, and with other family but no spouse, partner, or child. These living arrangements may be indicative of lower levels of social integration, which have potentially serious consequences for these individuals as well as their families and communities. The authors discuss these results with reference to the decades-long, unprecedented mass incarceration that is ongoing in the United States today.

scholarly journals Book Review: History of African Americans: Exploring Diverse Roots

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Trent Shotwell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
American History ◽  
Social Life ◽  
African American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

History of African Americans: Exploring Diverse Roots by Thomas J. Davis chronicles the remarkable past of African Americans from the earliest arrival of their ancestors to the election of President Barack Obama. This work was produced to recognize every triumph and tragedy that separates African Americans as a group from others in America. By distinguishing the rich and unique history of African Americans, History of African Americans: Exploring Diverse Roots provides an account of inspiration, courage, and progress. Each chapter details a significant piece of African American history, and the book includes numerous concise portraits of prominent African Americans and their contributions to progressing social life in the United States.

scholarly journals Children are more forgiving of accidental harms across development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsa Amir ◽  
Richard Ahl ◽  
W. Shelby Parsons ◽  
Katherine McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Human Social Life

Forgiveness is a powerful feature of human social life, allowing for the restoration of positive, cooperative relationships. Despite its importance, we know relatively little about how forgiveness develops in early life and the features that shape forgiveness decisions. Here, we investigate forgiveness behavior in children between the ages of 5 and 10 (N = 257) from the United States, varying transgressor intent and remorse in a behavioral task that pits punishment against forgiveness. We find that baseline levels of forgiveness are high, suggesting children assume the best of transgressors in the absence of information about intent and remorse. We also find age-related increases in sensitivity to intent, but not remorse, such that older children are more likely to forgive accidental transgressions. As forgiveness is an important tool in the human social toolkit, exploring the ways in which this ability develops across age can help us better understand the early roots of human cooperation.

Since the Beginning

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Mary Johnson ◽  
Mary L. Gautier ◽  
Patricia Wittberg ◽  
Thu T. Do
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Origin ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Religious Institutes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Frequent Accompaniment

This chapter traces Catholic international sisters in the history of the United States, from the eighteenth century to the present time. The chapter discusses the primarily European origin of many sisters and religious institutes in the first three centuries of sisters’ immigration, and the Asian, African, and Latin American origin of international sisters’ migration to the United States today. It describes the invitations from some bishops and priests in the United States to some religious institutes, and the sisters’ frequent accompaniment of co-ethnics in this country. It discusses the many educational and healthcare institutions the sisters built in this country, and the ministries they also conducted.

New Tools for the Economic Historian

1941 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Wage Earners

Archeologists assure us that organized social life has existed on this earth for about two hundred and fifty thousand years. How millions of people have sought to satisfy their wants over this tremendous span of time is the acknowledged province of economic history. Yet, for lack of records, the gild of economic historians must, for the most part, confine their attention to the last one per cent of this time span; indeed the great bulk of research in economic history is devoted the last one-tenth of one per cent of the archeologists' two hundred and fifty thousand years of social history. Even then the economic historian is utterly overwhelmed with facts. He who essays to write the economic history of the United States, for example, must depict as best can the economic activities of people for more than a hundred and fifty years, farmers, merchants, manufacturers, wage-earners, rentiers; men, women and children in all walks of life, in all variety of occupations. The task is utterly staggering. An army of economic historians would be required to write a complete economic history of the United States; a regiment at least to write a faithful factual account of a single industry.

Coresidence with kin and subjective well-being in the transition to adulthood: A comparison of the United States, Germany, Japan and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-47
Author(s):  
Bernhard Nauck ◽  
Qiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Japan And China

Although residence patterns during the transition to adulthood are dynamic and have a high influence on subjective well-being, empirical studies are scarce, especially with regard to international comparisons. The way living arrangements during the transition to adulthood are normatively framed in bilinear, neolocal kinship cultures is very different from the way they are framed in patrilineal, patrilocal cultures. Thus, living arrangements such as living alone, living with parents and especially living with in-laws should correspond to varying levels of well-being depending on the culture. Based on panel data (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth – NLSY97, German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics, Japanese Life Course Panel Survey and China Family Panel Studies), we analyzed the levels of subjective well-being of young adults aged 20–35 in households of varying family composition across cultures and over time. Differences between patrilineal, patrilocal kinship systems in Japan and China and bilineal, neolocal kinship systems in Germany and the United States became evident in lower levels of subjective well-being of young adults in China and Japan than in Germany and the United States, when living alone or in single-parent families. Germany and the United States were similar in their strong gender differences in subjective well-being, with young women showing a much lower level than men, but differed with regard to the variation by coresidence type, which was higher in the United States than in Germany. Gender differences in Japan and China were related to living in extended households, which resulted in very low levels of subjective well-being for young women, whereas the impact was small in China. Despite the differences in kinship systems, institutional regulations, and opportunity structures, living in a nuclear family of procreation was associated with the highest level of subjective well-being for young men and women in all four countries.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly J. McCammon ◽  
Lee Ann Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Nineteenth Amendment ◽  
United States Today ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Realm ◽  
Made In

This introduction takes a number of steps to highlight the book’s focus on women’s engagement in electoral politics and their efforts in social movement activism. The introduction begins by returning briefly to the history of the woman suffrage movement, ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, and the immediate political aftermath of giving voting rights to many women in the United States. The introduction then looks back over the last century and asks, what has transpired since enactment of the Nineteenth Amendment, and where is the United States today? The introduction discusses the significant progress women have made in the political realm as well as numerous ways in which women experience marginalization, including how intersecting constraints, for instance, between gender and race or gender and class place limits on some women’s political engagement. The discussion then provides readers with an overview of the volume’s chapters.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carl Lindskoog
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee

This chapter introduces the problem of immigration detention and reviews its history, noting that the policy of detention was discontinued in 1954 but then began to re-emerge in the 1970s and was formally reinstituted in 1981. What led to the return of immigration detention in the United States and how did the detention system become the behemoth that it is today, the introduction asks. It then lays out the main arguments and framework of the book, emphasizing the central role that Haitians have played in the history of immigration detention and making connections to the broader history and scholarly literature of immigrant and refugee resistance, race and citizenship, and mass incarceration. The introduction concludes with a chapter-by-chapter overview of the book.

Collateral Consequences of Felony Conviction and Imprisonment

Criminology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Collateral Consequences ◽  
Felony Conviction ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Legal Barriers ◽  
Former Inmates

The so-called collateral consequences of imprisonment encompass a host of legal restrictions and deleterious outcomes for former inmates, their families, and their communities. These may result from formal legal barriers associated with a felony conviction to extralegal effects resulting from periods of imprisonment. The universe of collateral consequences, a phrase some scholars decline to use because it diminishes their importance, affects all domains of social life and results from a patchwork of legal restrictions, conditions imposed by the criminal justice system upon release, and the indirect effects of imprisonment on inmates’ families, neighborhoods, and employment prospects. These “collateral consequences,” “punishments beyond the offender,” “invisible punishments,” and “extralegal sentences” form the basis for a growing field in criminology, sociology, and law focused on the contemporary prison boom in the United States. Imprisonment has always influenced the lives of former inmates well after they leave the institution behind, but the rise in imprisonment since 1970 in the United States has exacerbated these effects as well as concentrated them among some segments of the population. Thus, while former felons have always been barred from voting in some states, for example, it is only as a result of mass incarceration that these laws have influenced the outcomes of elections. Finally, though some of the work on collateral consequences described here examines imprisonment in other contexts (e.g., in the United Kingdom), most work in the area is centered on the United States because of its exceptionality with respect to high rates of imprisonment.

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