scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: What Every Otolaryngologist–Head and Neck Surgeon Needs to Know for Safe Airway Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 804-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Balakrishnan ◽  
Samuel Schechtman ◽  
Norman D. Hogikyan ◽  
Anthony Y. B. Teoh ◽  
Brendan McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has unfolded with remarkable speed, posing unprecedented challenges for health care systems and society. Otolaryngologists have a special role in responding to this crisis by virtue of expertise in airway management. Against the backdrop of nations struggling to contain the virus’s spread and to manage hospital strain, otolaryngologists must partner with anesthesiologists and front-line health care teams to provide expert services in high-risk situations while reducing transmission. Airway management and airway endoscopy, whether awake or sedated, expose operators to infectious aerosols, posing risks to staff. This commentary provides background on the outbreak, highlights critical considerations around mitigating infectious aerosol contact, and outlines best practices for airway-related clinical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. What otolaryngologists need to know and what actions are required are considered alongside the implications of increasing demand for tracheostomy. Approaches to managing the airway are presented, emphasizing safety of patients and the health care team.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Approaches in Confronting the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110174
Author(s):  
Md Mijanur Rahman ◽  
Fatema Khatun ◽  
Ashik Uzzaman ◽  
Sadia Islam Sami ◽  
Md Al-Amin Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread over 219 countries of the globe as a pandemic, creating alarming impacts on health care, socioeconomic environments, and international relationships. The principal objective of the study is to provide the current technological aspects of artificial intelligence (AI) and other relevant technologies and their implications for confronting COVID-19 and preventing the pandemic’s dreadful effects. This article presents AI approaches that have significant contributions in the fields of health care, then highlights and categorizes their applications in confronting COVID-19, such as detection and diagnosis, data analysis and treatment procedures, research and drug development, social control and services, and the prediction of outbreaks. The study addresses the link between the technologies and the epidemics as well as the potential impacts of technology in health care with the introduction of machine learning and natural language processing tools. It is expected that this comprehensive study will support researchers in modeling health care systems and drive further studies in advanced technologies. Finally, we propose future directions in research and conclude that persuasive AI strategies, probabilistic models, and supervised learning are required to tackle future pandemic challenges.

scholarly journals Challenges to and Resources for Participation in Interprofessional Collaborative Practice: Perceptions of Collegiate Athletic Trainers

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Manspeaker ◽  
Dorice A. Hankemeier
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
College And University ◽  
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Collegiate Athletic Trainers

Context Health care systems are increasing their emphasis on interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) as a necessary component to patient care. However, information regarding the challenges athletic trainers (ATs) perceive with respect to participating in IPCP is lacking. Objective To describe collegiate ATs' perceptions of challenges to and resources for participation in IPCP. Design Qualitative study. Setting College and university. Patients or Other Participants The response rate was 8% (513 ATs [234 men, 278 women, 1 preferred not to disclose sex], years in clinical practice = 10.69 ± 9.33). Data Collection and Analysis Responses to survey-based, open-ended questions were collected through Qualtrics. A general inductive qualitative approach was used to analyze data and establish relevant themes and categories for responses. Multianalyst coding and an external auditor confirmed coding saturation and assisted in triangulation. Results Challenges were reported in the areas of needing a defined IPCP team structure, respect for all involved health care parties, and concerns when continuity of care was compromised. Communication was reported as both a perceived challenge and a resource. Specific resources seen as beneficial to effective participation in IPCP included communication mechanisms such as shared patient health records and educational opportunities with individuals from other health care professions. Conclusions As ATs become more integrated into IPCP, they need to accurately describe and advocate their roles, understand the roles of others, and be open to the dynamic needs of team-based care. Development of continuing interprofessional education opportunities for all relevant members of the health care team can help to delineate roles more effectively and provide more streamlined care with the goal of improving patient outcomes.

Linking School Nurses With Health Care Systems Using EHRs: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 105984052091332
Author(s):  
Christina Baker ◽  
Bonnie Gance-Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Records ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Team Care ◽  
Care Systems

School-aged children spend around 1,080 hr at school each year and many of them have chronic diseases; therefore, it is imperative to include school nurses as part of the health care team. Care coordination between health care providers and school nurses is currently hindered by communication that relies on an inadequate system of fax, phone, and traditional mail. Using electronic health records (EHRs) to link school nurses and health care systems is usually limited in scope despite EHRs advancement in these health care systems. No literature is currently available showing the number of hospitals and health care systems that provide EHR access to school nurses. The purpose of this article was to present a literature review on EHR access for school nurses nationally. This review along with the legal and logistical considerations for this type of implementation will be discussed.

Dancing With Death in the Dust of Coronavirus: The Lived Experience of Iranian Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. e82-e89
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Bahramnezhad ◽  
Parvaneh Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as a public health emergency poses dramatic challenges for health-care systems. The experiences of health-care workers are important in planning for future outbreaks of infectious diseases. This study explored the lived experiences of 14 nurses in Tehran, Iran caring for coronavirus patients using an interpretative phenomenological approach as described by Van Manen. In-depth interviews were audio-recorded between March 10 and May 5, 2020. The essence of the nurses' experiences caring for patients with COVID-19 was categorized as three themes and eight subthemes: (a) Strong pressure because of coronavirus: initial fear, loneliness, communication challenges, exhaustion. (b) Turn threats into opportunities: improvement of nursing image, professional development. (c) Nurses' expectations: expectations of people, expectations of government. The findings of this study showed that identifying the challenges and needs of health-care providers is necessary to create a safe health-care system and to prepare nurses and expand their knowledge and attitudes to care for patients in new crises in the future.

scholarly journals Social distancing and dangers of access block to health care services during COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mor Saban ◽  
Tal Shachar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

An outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China, has spread quickly, with cases confirmed in 180 countries with broad impact on all health care systems. Currently, the absence of a COVID-19 vaccine or any definitive medication has led to increased use of non-pharmaceutical interventions, aimed at reducing contact rates in the population and thereby transmission of the virus, especially social distancing. These social distancing guidelines indirectly create two isolated populations at high-risk: the chronically ill and voluntary isolated persons who had contact with a verified patient or person returning from abroad. In this concept paper we describe the potential risk of these populations leading to an 80% reduction in total Emergency Department (ED) visits, including patients with an acute condition. In conclusion, alternative medical examination solutions so far do not provide adequate response to the at-risk population. The healthcare system must develop and offer complementary solutions that will enable access to health services even during these difficult times.

Cancer patient management: role of multidisciplinary teams

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-003039
Author(s):  
Tuan Trong Luu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Care Systems

ObjectivesAs a cancer model recommended by numerous governments and health care systems, multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) can improve clinical decision-making and overall patient care quality. This paper aims to discuss key elements and resources, as well as contingencies for effectiveness MDTs and their meetings.MethodsWe derived elements, resources, and contingencies for effective MDTs by analyzing articles on the themes of MDTs and MDT meetings.ResultsThis paper identifies key elements comprising MDT characteristics, team governance, infrastructure for MDM, MDM organization, MDM logistics, and clinical decision-making in light of patient-centeredness. Resources that facilitate an MDM functioning consist of human resources and non-human resources. The paper further detects barriers to the sustainable performance of MDTs and provide suggestions for improving their functioning in light of patients’ and healthcare providers’ perspectives.ConclusionsMDTs are vital to cancer care through enabling healthcare professionals with diversity of clinical specialties to collaborate and formulate optimal treatment recommendations for patients with suspected or confirmed cancer.

Emergency Medicine Pharmacy Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Rudis ◽  
Ryan J. Attwood
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Systems

Emergency medicine (EM) pharmacy practice has existed for over 30 years. In recent years, however, the specialty has grown significantly. A large number of health care systems have either a dedicated EM pharmacist or other clinical pharmacist presence in the Emergency department (ED). Over the past decade, the role of the EM pharmacist as a critical member of the health care team has expanded significantly and many innovative practices have evolved throughout the country. There is also some heterogeneity between different EM pharmacy practice sites. This article reviews the history and general concepts of EM pharmacy practice as well as illustrate some of the established benefits of an EM pharmacist.

scholarly journals Diagnostics for COVID-19: A case for field-deployable, rapid molecular tests for community surveillance

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4s) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Michael Frimpong ◽  
Yaw A. Amoako ◽  
Kwadwo B. Anim ◽  
Hubert S. Ahor ◽  
Richmond Yeboah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Across the globe, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic is causing distress with governments doing everything in their power to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) to prevent morbidity and mortality. Actions are being implemented to keep health care systems from being overstretched and to curb the outbreak. Any policy responses aimed at slowing down the spread of the virus and mitigating its immediate effects on health care systems require a firm basis of information about the absolute number of currently infected people, growth rates, and locations/hotspots of infections. The only way to obtain this base of information is by conducting numerous tests in a targeted way. Currently, in Ghana, there is a centralized testing approach, that takes 4-5 days for samples to be shipped and tested at central reference laboratories with results communicated to the district, regional and nationalstakeholders. This delay in diagnosis increases the risk of ongoing transmission in communities and vulnerable institutions. We have validated, evaluated and deployed an innovative diagnostic tool on a mobile laboratory platform to accelerate the COVID-19 testing. A preliminary result of 74 samples from COVID-19 suspected cases has a positivity rate of 12% with a turn-around time of fewer than 3 hours from sample taking to reporting of results, significantly reducing the waiting time from days to hours, enabling expedient response by the health system for contact tracing to reduce transmission and additionally improving case management.

scholarly journals Redefinition of the notion of Universal Access to the health care

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Rubin Zareski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Cost

In the last 10 years we are experiencing hidden debate where decision makers do not want to opt for the “unpopular” decisions, which need to be taken if we need a sustainable health systems on a long run. Lessons from the 2008 crisis have proven that policy decisions driven by external global forces that are beyond our controlwere inconsistent and reasonable damaging also on a mid term run. Instead of addressing the core of the problem, in the attempt to reply to the old/new challenges, governments were “fanning the fire”. It becomes obvious that spending more money in uncoordinated way will not solve the problem. Reducing the cost by cutting the fiscal budgets, would further ”squeeze” the capacity of the economies and reduce the demand, which has to be driver to the solution and not the problem. Consequently in a high market developed economies, cutting the health budgets will only temporarily “make up” the state budgets, creating structural financial instability of the Funds both private and State. In this lose-lose situation, with existing misbalances, contracting budgets, increasing demand and sensitive market players responses, there is a high time for redefinition of the Universal access to the health care systems and global policy responses which will on long term create balanced and sustainable growth of health markets.

scholarly journals The Impact of the lockdown on ENT services during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a report from the developing world.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapila Hari ◽  
Shivesh Maharaj
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Outpatient Procedures ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The novel coronavirus and accompanying lockdown measures have resulted in the disruption of specialist clinic services. There have been reports of a decrease in the number of clinic attendees and surgical procedures performed in clinics throughout the worldThe study period was from the 2 January 2020 until 19 June 2020 which was divided by the lockdown date of the 26 March 2020, into two periods of 85 days for comparative review.During the pre-lockdown phase (2 January 2020 to 25 March 2020), 2160 patients were booked for the outpatient clinics and 1911 attended in this period (88.5%). In contrast during the post-lockdown period (26 March 2020 to 19 June 2020), 1220 visits were scheduled. Of these, 937 (76.8%) visits were completed. The number of patient visits booked (p=0.01) and completed (0.0001) after lockdown declined significantly. The total number of outpatient procedures performed pre-lockdown was 1892 (0.99/ patient) compared to 937 (1.04/ patient) post-lockdown. This represents an approximate decrease of 50% in the number of procedures completed post-lockdown but the change in the number of procedures/ patient was not significant (p=0.4).During the pre-lockdown phase 228 theatre cases were completed, including 66 emergencies and post-lockdown there were 188 cases together with 48 emergencies. There were no elective cases post-lockdown. The study illustrates that even during a stringent lockdown period there is an ongoing need for specialist ENT services and health care systems need to be tailored to manage all patients such that care is not shifted away from vulnerable groups and solely focused on Covid19 patients.

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