scholarly journals Readability of the American, Canadian, and British Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Societies’ Patient Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110332
Author(s):  
Joo Hyun Kim ◽  
Elysia Grose ◽  
Justine Philteos ◽  
David Forner ◽  
Christopher W. Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Comprehension ◽  
Reading Grade Level

Objective Patient education materials across 3 national English otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OHNS) societies: the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (CSOHNS), and Ear, Nose, and Throat United Kingdom (ENT UK) were examined to determine whether they are written at a level suitable for patient comprehension. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Online patient materials presented through OHNS national societies. Methods Readability was calculated using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease Score, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Index. All public patient education materials available through the CSOHNS, AAO-HNS, and ENT UK websites were assessed. Patient education materials were grouped into categories by subspecialty. Results In total, 128 patient materials from the 3 societies were included in the study. All 3 societies required a minimum grade 9 reading comprehension level to understand their online materials. According to Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, the CSOHNS required a significantly higher reading grade level to comprehend the materials presented when compared to AAO-HNS (11.3 vs 9.9; 95% CI, 0.5-2.4; P < .01) and ENT UK (11.3 vs 9.4; 95% CI, 0.9-2.9; P < .01). Patient education materials related to rhinology were the least readable among all 3 societies. Conclusion This study suggests that the reading level of the current patient materials presented through 3 national OHNS societies are written at a level that exceeds current recommendations. Promisingly, it highlights an improvement for the readability of patient materials presented through the AAO-HNS.

scholarly journals Poor Readability of AOSSM Patient Education Resources and Opportunities for Improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596711880538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Kakazu ◽  
Adam Schumaier ◽  
Chelsea Minoughan ◽  
Brian Grawe
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Resources ◽  
Reading Grade Level ◽  
Readability Formula

Background: Appropriate education on the disease processes associated with orthopaedic pathology can affect patient expectations and functional outcome. Hypothesis: Patient education resources from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) are too complex for comprehension by the average orthopaedic patient. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Patient education resources provided by the AOSSM were analyzed with software that provided 10 readability scores as well as opportunities for improving readability. The readability scores were compared with the recommended eighth-grade reading level. Results: A total of 39 patient education resources were identified and evaluated. The mean ± SD reading grade-level scores were as follows: Coleman-Liau Index, 12.5 ± 1.11; New Dale-Chall Readability Formula, 10.9 ± 1.37; Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, 9.9 ± 1.06; FORCAST Readability Formula, 11.4 ± 0.51; Fry Readability Formula, 12.8 ± 2.79; Gunning Fog Index, 11.9 ± 1.37; Raygor Readability Index, 13.1 ± 2.37; Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, 12.3 ± 0.90; Automated Readability Index, 11.2 ± 1.18; and New Automated Readability Index, 10.6 ± 1.27. After averaging the reading grade-level scores, only 1 patient education resource was found to be written at an 8th- to 9th-grade level, and 14 (36%) were written above a 12th-grade level. All scores were significantly different from the eighth-grade level ( P < .0065). The percentage of complex words and long words were 19.6% ± 2.67% and 41.4% ± 3.18%, respectively. Conclusion: Patient education resources provided by the AOSSM are at a significantly higher reading level than recommended. Simple changes can drastically improve these scores to increase health literacy and possibly outcome.

Readability Trends of Online Information by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation

2016 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Wong ◽  
Jessica R. Levi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Reader

Objective Previous studies have shown that patient education materials published by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation may be too difficult for the average reader to understand. The purpose of this study was to determine if current educational materials show improvements in readability. Study Design Cross-sectional analysis. Setting The Patient Health Information section of the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation website. Subjects and Methods All patient education articles were extracted in plain text. Webpage navigation, references, author information, appointment information, acknowledgments, and disclaimers were removed. Follow-up editing was also performed to remove paragraph breaks, colons, semicolons, numbers, percentages, and bullets. Readability grade was calculated with the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning-Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Automated Readability Index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. Intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed. Results A total of 126 articles from 7 topics were analyzed. Readability levels across all 6 tools showed that the difficulty of patient education materials exceeded the abilities of an average American. As compared with previous studies, current educational materials by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation have shown a decrease in difficulty. Intra- and interobserver reliability were both excellent, with intraclass coefficients of 0.99 and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion Improvements in readability is an encouraging finding and one that is consistent with recent trends toward improved health literacy. Nevertheless, online patient educational material is still too difficult for the average reader. Revisions may be necessary for current materials to benefit a larger readership.

Readability analysis of patient information on the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery website

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jewel Greywoode ◽  
Eric Bluman ◽  
Joseph Spiegel ◽  
Maurits Boon
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Grade Reading Level

Objective: To evaluate the readability of patient-oriented online health information (OHI) presented on the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO–HNS) website. Study Design: Review of the Flesch-Kincaid (FK) grade level for 104 articles on the AAO–HNS website. Methods: The FK grade level for 104 articles was determined using the readability calculator available within Microsoft Office Word 2003. The interobserver reliability for the FK grade level was determined by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for 52 entries. Results: The average FK grade reading level of the articles was 10.8 (range 6.3-16.7; 95% CI, 10.4-11.2). Eighty-one percent of the articles were written at a ninth grade level or higher. The intraclass correlation was good (r = 0.83) for the 52 articles that were independently reviewed. Conclusions: This analysis has shown that the average reading level for each article on the AAO–HNS site was higher than the recommended sixth grade reading level. Although the AAO–HNS site is written at a higher level than that suggested for the general public, it is important to realize that readability is just one consideration in the evaluation of OHI comprehension. Physicians need to be cognizant of their patients' ability to read and comprehend written information and tailor their educational material appropriately.

scholarly journals Trans-oral Extra Tonsillar Approach of Styloidectomy for Treatment of Eagle’s Syndrome among Operated Cases of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (240) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Regmi ◽  
Rachana Baidhya ◽  
Ashik Rajak ◽  
Sangita Shrestha ◽  
Meera Bista
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Eagle’s syndrome is a poorly understood clinical entity that has variable presentations like recurrent throat pain or foreign body sensation, dysphagia, or facial pain. With a confirmed diagnosis, a surgical approach is considered appropriate for its treatment. This study aims to find out the prevalence of trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of styloidectomy among the operated cases of Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,475 who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in a tertiary care center of Nepal between July 2018 to September 2020 after receiving the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 0106201802). Convenience sampling was done and data was entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 1,475 patients enrolled in the study, 24 (1.62%) patients (95% Confidence Interval= 0.97-2.26) underwent trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of surgery for Eagle’s syndrome during the study duration. Conclusions: The prevalence of styloidectomy among the operated cases of our study is low in comparison to other studies done in similar settings. Transoral extra tonsillar approach can be considered as a novel approach for surgical removal of the styloid process in Eagle’s Syndrome.

scholarly journals Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Services in Khartoum State in Sudan 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Malik Ibrahim Malik ◽  
Dr. Sharfi Abdelgadir Omer Ahmed ◽  
Dr. Muna Ahmed Abdulrahim
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Study Hospital

Background: In Khartoum state, formal health services are heavily centralized. This is reflected by a specialist services coverage that is double the national ratio in Sudan, as is the case for other health services and cadres. Objectives: The aim of this study to establishment a database for ENT, audiology and speech therapy services in Khartoum state. Methods: This is descriptive, cross-sectional study hospital based. Include all Hospitals that provide otorhinolaryngological, head and neck surgery services within Khartoum state. Results: Total numbers of hospitals included in this study were 16 hospitals and departments providing otorhinolaryngological services in Khartoum state. General hospitals that contain ENT departments were 13 hospitals (81.25%) and hospitals that specialized for otorhinolaryngological services were three hospitals (18.75%). Conclusion: Otorhinolaryngological hospitals are distributed within Khartoum state with inequality to proportion of populations within provinces, also there is great deficiency on audiology and speech therapy services with variable distribution.

scholarly journals Septorhinoplasty among Patients who Visited the Outpatient Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nain Bahadur Mahato ◽  
Deepak Regmi ◽  
Meera Bista
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Introduction: The nose is the central most part of the face, so any nasal deformities may cause a high level of psychological distress on one’s quality of life. Septorhinoplasty is a surgical procedure used to correct both functional as well as aesthetic problems of the nose. It enhances facial harmony and increases self-confidence. The objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of out-patients who underwent septorhinoplasty in a tertiary care centre in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among 5,760 patients who visited the outpatient department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Kathmandu Medical College from April 2019 to September 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Committee of Kathmandu Medical College. A convenient sampling technique was used. The preoperative and postoperative assessment was done with the help of a rhinoplasty outcome evaluation questionnaire. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences is used for analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of septorhinoplasty was 117 (2.03%) during the study period (95% Confidence Interval= 1.66-2.40). Among 117 patients, 67 (57.3%) were males and 50 (42.7%) were females. Among 117 patients, 85 (72.6%) patients underwent an open approach, while 32 (27.4%) patients underwent closed approach rhinoplasty for the correction of both aesthetic and functional problems. Conclusions: This study concludes the prevalence of septorhinoplasty is low which may be due to the COVID-19 pandemic during the study period.

scholarly journals Acceptance and adoption of transoral robotic surgery in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magis Mandapathil ◽  
Jens E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Transoral Robotic Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adoption Rate ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Purpose Since its introduction over a decade ago, the use of robotic surgery (RS) in head and neck surgery has widely spread around the globe, with very differential adoption of this novel surgical technique in different parts of the world. In this study, we analyze the acceptance and adoption of robotic surgery in the head and neck in Germany. Materials and methods A cross-sectional analysis using a questionnaire evaluating the acceptance and adoption of RS was performed. Questionnaires were distributed to all chairmen /-women of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Departments in Germany. Results A total of 107 respondents completed the questionnaire (65.2%). At university hospitals, 71.4% of the respondents indicated that a robotic system was available, and 21.4% responded that robotic surgery was performed at their institution; 22.7% and 0.04%, respectively, at non-university hospitals. The overall adoption rate was 0.8%. The most common cases performed were TORS resection in the oropharynx. Main reasons for not adopting this technique were costs, lack of interest and available co-operations. Conclusion This study provides evidence of the extent of adoption of TORS in Germany; main perceived barriers to adoption are costs with lack of cost-covering reimbursement and insufficient co-operations with other disciplines as well as hospital administration resulting in a very low adoption rate of this technique over the past decade. Results from this study may assist in decision-making processes on adopting this technique in the future.

scholarly journals Enhanced Morbidity of Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap Used for Salvage after Previously Failed Oncological Treatment and Unsuccessful Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Maria Ribeiro Salles Vanni ◽  
Leandro Luongo de Matos ◽  
Mário Paulo Faro Junior ◽  
Jossi Ledo Kanda ◽  
Cláudio Roberto Cernea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Myocutaneous Flap ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oncological Treatment ◽  
Major Complications

Introduction. The reconstruction of complex cervicofacial defects arising from surgical treatment for cancer is a real challenge for head and neck surgeons, especially in salvage reconstruction surgery and/or failed previous reconstruction. The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) has been widely used in these specific situations due to its reliability and low rate of failure or complications.Objectives. Identify factors that determine complications and influence the final outcome of the reconstructions with PMMF in salvage cancer surgery or in salvage reconstruction.Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate a sample including 17 surgical patients treated over a period of ten years that met the inclusion criteria.Results. Reconstruction was successful in 13 cases (76.5%), with two cases of partial flap loss and no case of total loss. Complications occurred in 13 cases (76.5%) and were specifically related to the flap in nine instances (52.9%). An association was identified between the development of major complications and reconstruction of the hypopharynx () as well as in patients submitted to surgery in association with radiation therapy as a previous cancer treatment (). The former condition is also associated with major reconstruction failure (). An even lower incidence of major complications was noted in patients under the age of 53 ().Conclusion. Older patients, with hypopharyngeal defects and submitted to previous surgery plus radiation therapy, presented a higher risk of complications and reconstruction failure with PMMF.

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